Question 1

The __________ is driven directly by photons from the sun in photosynthesis light reactions.

Accepted Answer

A)  pumping of protons 
B)  synthesis of ATP 
C)  transfer of electrons 
D)  synthesis of glucose 
A)  pumping of protons 
B)  synthesis of ATP 
C)  transfer of electrons 
D)  synthesis of glucose

Question 2

Chlorophyll absorbs light energy efficiently because of the

Accepted Answer

A)  metal ion in the center of the molecule. 
B)  ring structure. 
C)  planar structure. 
D)  alternating double and single bonds. 
A)  metal ion in the center of the molecule. 
B)  ring structure. 
C)  planar structure. 
D)  alternating double and single bonds.

Question 3

The Biosphere 2 project,in Tucson,Arizona,was an experiment involving a large sealed terrarium with humans and photosynthetic plants living in balance.Why did the project have to be interrupted after only a few months?

Accepted Answer

A)  Levels of CO2 rose to dangerous levels. 
B)  The humans ran out of food. 
C)  The plants stopped producing oxygen. 
D)  The rate of photosynthesis was too high. 
A)  Levels of CO2 rose to dangerous levels. 
B)  The humans ran out of food. 
C)  The plants stopped producing oxygen. 
D)  The rate of photosynthesis was too high.

Question 4

The chloroplast contains a highly folded membrane called the

Accepted Answer

A)  thylakoid. 
B)  lumen. 
C)  inner membrane. 
D)  matrix. 
A)  thylakoid. 
B)  lumen. 
C)  inner membrane. 
D)  matrix.

Question 5

In C3 plants CO2 is first incorporated into __________,whereas in C4 and CAM plants the CO2 is first incorporated into __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  3-phosphoglycerate; oxaloacetate 
B)  dihydroxyacetone phosphate; malate 
C)  3-phosphoglycerate; malate 
D)  glyceraldehyde-3- phosphate; erythrose-4-phosphate 
A)  3-phosphoglycerate; oxaloacetate 
B)  dihydroxyacetone phosphate; malate 
C)  3-phosphoglycerate; malate 
D)  glyceraldehyde-3- phosphate; erythrose-4-phosphate

Question 6

The following picture is an example of what phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

A)  resonance energy transfer 
B)  electron transfer 
C)  photoexcitation 
D)  fluorescence 
A)  resonance energy transfer 
B)  electron transfer 
C)  photoexcitation 
D)  fluorescence

Question 7

The photosynthetic Z scheme describes the

Accepted Answer

A)  synthesis of glucose from CO2. 
B)  movement of electrons driven by the absorption of light energy. 
C)  production of O2. 
D)  reduction of NADPH. 
A)  synthesis of glucose from CO2. 
B)  movement of electrons driven by the absorption of light energy. 
C)  production of O2. 
D)  reduction of NADPH.

Question 8

Explain why the rubisco enzyme's unproductive side reaction with O2,called photorespiration,is a concern even when the O2 affinity for rubisco is 30 times less than that of CO2.

Accepted Answer

The concentration of

Question 9

Explain how CAM plants cooperate to accomplish the delivery of CO2 to the Calvin cycle.

Accepted Answer

CO₂ is absorbed at night,when it is cool.

Question 10

The primary difference between ATP synthesis during the photosynthetic light reactions and ATP synthesis in the mitochondrial electron transport chain is the

Accepted Answer

A)  cellular location of the proton motive force. 
B)  enzyme catalyzing the ATP synthesis. 
C)  number of ATP produced per 360    
Rotation of the F1 subunit of ATP synthase. 
D)  number of NADPH required to produce ATP. 
A)  cellular location of the proton motive force. 
B)  enzyme catalyzing the ATP synthesis. 
C)  number of ATP produced per 360    
Rotation of the F1 subunit of ATP synthase. 
D)  number of NADPH required to produce ATP.

Question 11

On excitation by a photon,a fate of the excited chlorophyll molecule is to

Accepted Answer

A)  transfer an electron to an acceptor molecule. 
B)  transfer an electron to ATP. 
C)  relax and release a proton to a neighboring chlorophyll. 
D)  relax and accept an electron from a nearby donor. 
A)  transfer an electron to an acceptor molecule. 
B)  transfer an electron to ATP. 
C)  relax and release a proton to a neighboring chlorophyll. 
D)  relax and accept an electron from a nearby donor.

Question 12

When transketolase acts on fructose-6-phosphate and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate,the products are

Accepted Answer

A)  3-phosphoglycerate and two molecules of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate. 
B)  dihydroxyacetone phosphate and glucose-6-phosphate. 
C)  xylulose-5-phosphate and erythrose-4-phosphate. 
D)  xylulose-5-phosphate and ribose-5-phosphate. 
A)  3-phosphoglycerate and two molecules of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate. 
B)  dihydroxyacetone phosphate and glucose-6-phosphate. 
C)  xylulose-5-phosphate and erythrose-4-phosphate. 
D)  xylulose-5-phosphate and ribose-5-phosphate.

Question 13

The term greenhouse effect refers to the idea that

Accepted Answer

A)  the global production of plant matter is increasing. 
B)  the capacity of the earth's plant matter to store CO2 is increasing. 
C)  the temperature of the earth is increasing because of heat trapped by gases such as CO2. 
D)  tropical rainforests are gradually being eliminated. 
A)  the global production of plant matter is increasing. 
B)  the capacity of the earth's plant matter to store CO2 is increasing. 
C)  the temperature of the earth is increasing because of heat trapped by gases such as CO2. 
D)  tropical rainforests are gradually being eliminated.

Question 14

Regulation of photosystem II (PSII)enzyme activity is accomplished by phosphorylation.Higher levels of __________ stimulates the phosphorylation and tuning down of PSII activity.

Accepted Answer

A)  oxidized NADP+ 
B)  reduced plastoquinone (PQH2) 
C)  reduced NADPH 
D)  ATP 
A)  oxidized NADP+ 
B)  reduced plastoquinone (PQH2) 
C)  reduced NADPH 
D)  ATP

Question 15

Which complex in the photosynthetic electron transport chain pumps protons as electrons pass through it?

Accepted Answer

A)  plastocyanin 
B)  cytochrome b6f 
C)  photosystem I 
D)  photosystem II 
A)  plastocyanin 
B)  cytochrome b6f 
C)  photosystem I 
D)  photosystem II

Question 16

Electrons from plastocyanin are passed on to

Accepted Answer

A)  P700+. 
B)  P680+. 
C)  cytochrome b6f. 
D)  O2. 
A)  P700+. 
B)  P680+. 
C)  cytochrome b6f. 
D)  O2.

Question 17

The glyoxylate cycle enzymes

Accepted Answer

A)  are active at night when sugar reserves are high and lipid synthesis is activated. 
B)  bypass the decarboxylation steps of the TCA cycle, resulting in the net synthesis of a sugar molecule from acetyl-CoA. 
C)  replace the mitochondrial TCA cycle enzymes. 
D)  require ATP and NADPH from the light reactions. 
A)  are active at night when sugar reserves are high and lipid synthesis is activated. 
B)  bypass the decarboxylation steps of the TCA cycle, resulting in the net synthesis of a sugar molecule from acetyl-CoA. 
C)  replace the mitochondrial TCA cycle enzymes. 
D)  require ATP and NADPH from the light reactions.

Question 18

The O2 generated from photosynthesis is derived from

Accepted Answer

A)  CO2 reduction to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate. 
B)  CO2 reduction to glycerate-3-phosphate. 
C)  water molecules that directly reduce PSI*. 
D)  water molecules that directly reduce PSII*. 
A)  CO2 reduction to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate. 
B)  CO2 reduction to glycerate-3-phosphate. 
C)  water molecules that directly reduce PSI*. 
D)  water molecules that directly reduce PSII*.

Question 19

What is the overall reaction for the Calvin cycle,or dark reactions?

Accepted Answer

A)  2 H2O + 2 NADP+ + 3 ADP + 3Pi  O2 + 2 NADPH + 3 ATP 
B)  3 CO2 + 6 NADPH + 9 ATP + 6 H2O  Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate + 6 NADP+ + 9 ADP + 9 Pi 
C)  6 CO2 + 6 NADPH + 12 ATP  Glucose + NADP+ + ADP + Pi 
D)  Glucose  9 ATP + 12 NADPH + 6 CO2 + 6 H2O 
A)  2 H2O + 2 NADP+ + 3 ADP + 3Pi  O2 + 2 NADPH + 3 ATP 
B)  3 CO2 + 6 NADPH + 9 ATP + 6 H2O  Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate + 6 NADP+ + 9 ADP + 9 Pi 
C)  6 CO2 + 6 NADPH + 12 ATP  Glucose + NADP+ + ADP + Pi 
D)  Glucose  9 ATP + 12 NADPH + 6 CO2 + 6 H2O

Question 20

List the five steps of photosynthesis,whereby solar energy is converted into chemical energy.

Accepted Answer

(1)Photons oxidize chlorophyll,which is

Exam 12: Photosynthesis

The __________ is driven directly by photons from the sun in photosynthesis light reactions.

Chlorophyll absorbs light energy efficiently because of the

The Biosphere 2 project,in Tucson,Arizona,was an experiment involving a large sealed terrarium with humans and photosynthetic plants living in balance.Why did the project have to be interrupted after only a few months?

The chloroplast contains a highly folded membrane called the

In C3 plants CO2 is first incorporated into __________,whereas in C4 and CAM plants the CO2 is first incorporated into __________.

The following picture is an example of what phenomenon?

The photosynthetic Z scheme describes the

Explain why the rubisco enzyme's unproductive side reaction with O2,called photorespiration,is a concern even when the O2 affinity for rubisco is 30 times less than that of CO2.

Explain how CAM plants cooperate to accomplish the delivery of CO2 to the Calvin cycle.

The primary difference between ATP synthesis during the photosynthetic light reactions and ATP synthesis in the mitochondrial electron transport chain is the

On excitation by a photon,a fate of the excited chlorophyll molecule is to

When transketolase acts on fructose-6-phosphate and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate,the products are

The term greenhouse effect refers to the idea that

Regulation of photosystem II (PSII)enzyme activity is accomplished by phosphorylation.Higher levels of __________ stimulates the phosphorylation and tuning down of PSII activity.

Which complex in the photosynthetic electron transport chain pumps protons as electrons pass through it?

Electrons from plastocyanin are passed on to

The glyoxylate cycle enzymes

The O2 generated from photosynthesis is derived from

What is the overall reaction for the Calvin cycle,or dark reactions?

List the five steps of photosynthesis,whereby solar energy is converted into chemical energy.

Principles of Biochemistry

Physical Biochemistry: Energy Conversion,water,and Membranes

Nucleic Acid Structure and Function

Protein Structure

Methods in Protein Biochemistry

Protein Function

Enzyme Mechanisms

Cell Signaling Systems

Glycolysis: a Paradigm of Metabolic Regulation

The Citrate Cycle

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Carbohydrate Structure and Function

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Lipid Structure and Function

Lipid Metabolism

Amino Acid Metabolism

Nucleotide Metabolism

Metabolic Integration

Dna Replication, repair, and Recombination

Rna Synthesis, processing, and Gene Silencing

Protein Synthesis, posttranslational Modification, and Transport

Gene Regulation

Filters

In C₃ plants CO₂ is first incorporated into ,whereas in C₄ and CAM plants the CO₂ is first incorporated into .

Explain why the rubisco enzyme's unproductive side reaction with O₂,called photorespiration,is a concern even when the O₂ affinity for rubisco is 30 times less than that of CO₂.

Explain how CAM plants cooperate to accomplish the delivery of CO₂ to the Calvin cycle.

The O₂ generated from photosynthesis is derived from