Question 1

In which cellular compartment does the following reaction take place?
HMG-CoA + 2 NADPH → mevalonate + 2 NADP+ + Acetyl-CoA

Accepted Answer

A) cytosol of liver cells 
B) mitochondria of liver cells 
C) cells in the intestinal lumen 
D) lysosomal fluid 
E) all of the above 
A) cytosol of liver cells 
B) mitochondria of liver cells 
C) cells in the intestinal lumen 
D) lysosomal fluid 
E) all of the above A

Question 2

Which of the following enzymes is NOT involved in the tricarboxylate transport system?

Accepted Answer

A) citrate synthase 
B) ATP citrate lyase 
C) malate dehydrogenase 
D) malic enzyme 
E) All are involved in the transport of acetyl-CoA into the cytosol 
A) citrate synthase 
B) ATP citrate lyase 
C) malate dehydrogenase 
D) malic enzyme 
E) All are involved in the transport of acetyl-CoA into the cytosol E

Question 3

Which of the following is required for entry of fatty acids into the oxidation pathway?
(I)priming via the enzyme acyl CoA synthetase
(II)conservation of free energy from ATP hydrolysis by use of a thioester linkage
(III)transport to the cytosol for oxidation via a carnitine carrier protein
(IV)hydrolysis of carnitine palmitoyl transfer protein

Accepted Answer

A) I,II 
B) I,II,III 
C) I,II,III,IV 
D) III,IV 
E) I,III 
A) I,II 
B) I,II,III 
C) I,II,III,IV 
D) III,IV 
E) I,III A

Question 4

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the enzyme acetyl-CoA carboxylase?
(I)It catalyzes the first committed step in fatty acid oxidation.
(II)It requires S-adenosylmethionine.
(III)It produces malonyl CoA
(IV)It uses acetyl CoA

Accepted Answer

A) I,II,III,IV 
B) I only 
C) I,III,IV 
D) III,IV 
E) III only 
A) I,II,III,IV 
B) I only 
C) I,III,IV 
D) III,IV 
E) III only

Question 5

Matching
Choose the correct answer from the list.Not all the answers will be used.

-Fatty acid synthesis requires both acetyl-CoA and ________ as initiator molecules.

Accepted Answer

A)  HDL 
B)  propionyl-CoA 
C)  LDL 
D)  Dihydroxyacetone phosphate 
E)  malonyl-CoA
F) ACP
G) chylomicrons
H) phosphopantetheine
I) flavin
J) albumin
K) ketone bodies
L) cholesterol 
A)  HDL 
B)  propionyl-CoA 
C)  LDL 
D)  Dihydroxyacetone phosphate 
E)  malonyl-CoA
F) ACP
G) chylomicrons
H) phosphopantetheine
I) flavin
J) albumin
K) ketone bodies
L) cholesterol

Question 6

Which of the following accurately ranks lipoproteins from highest to lowest density?

Accepted Answer

A) chylomicrons > HDL > LDL > IDL > VLDL 
B) HDL > IDL > LDL > VLDL > chylomicrons 
C) HDL > LDL > IDL > VLDL > chylomicrons 
D) chylomicrons > VLDL > IDL > LDL > HDL 
E) VLDL > IDL > LDL > HDL > chylomicrons 
A) chylomicrons > HDL > LDL > IDL > VLDL 
B) HDL > IDL > LDL > VLDL > chylomicrons 
C) HDL > LDL > IDL > VLDL > chylomicrons 
D) chylomicrons > VLDL > IDL > LDL > HDL 
E) VLDL > IDL > LDL > HDL > chylomicrons

Question 7

Matching
Choose the correct answer from the list.Not all the answers will be used.

-Lipoproteins formed in the intestinal mucosal cells are called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  HDL 
B)  propionyl-CoA 
C)  LDL 
D)  Dihydroxyacetone phosphate 
E)  malonyl-CoA
F) ACP
G) chylomicrons
H) phosphopantetheine
I) flavin
J) albumin
K) ketone bodies
L) cholesterol 
A)  HDL 
B)  propionyl-CoA 
C)  LDL 
D)  Dihydroxyacetone phosphate 
E)  malonyl-CoA
F) ACP
G) chylomicrons
H) phosphopantetheine
I) flavin
J) albumin
K) ketone bodies
L) cholesterol

Question 8

Triacylglycerols are synthesized by ____ during times of starvation via a process known as ____.

Accepted Answer

A) Dihydroxyacetone phosphate;ketosis 
B) Dihydroxyacetone phosphate;glyceroneogenesis 
C) acetyl CoA;ketosis 
D) acetyl CoA;glyceroneogenesis 
E) ketone bodies;ketosis 
A) Dihydroxyacetone phosphate;ketosis 
B) Dihydroxyacetone phosphate;glyceroneogenesis 
C) acetyl CoA;ketosis 
D) acetyl CoA;glyceroneogenesis 
E) ketone bodies;ketosis

Question 9

Digestion of triacylglycerols is aided by the cholesterol derivatives synthesized by the liver known as

Accepted Answer

A) bile acids. 
B) lipoproteins. 
C) lanosterols. 
D) chylomicrons. 
E) colipases. 
A) bile acids. 
B) lipoproteins. 
C) lanosterols. 
D) chylomicrons. 
E) colipases.

Question 10

Which of the following compounds are required to make sphingosine?
(I)palmitoyl-CoA
(II)serine
(III)acetyl-CoA
(IV)isoprene
(V)arachidonic acid

Accepted Answer

A) I,II 
B) I,III 
C) II,IV 
D) IV,V 
E) II,V 
A) I,II 
B) I,III 
C) II,IV 
D) IV,V 
E) II,V

Question 11

Matching
Choose the correct answer from the list.Not all the answers will be used.

-The $\beta$ oxidation of odd-numbered fatty acids results in ________ as a final product.

Accepted Answer

A)  HDL 
B)  propionyl-CoA 
C)  LDL 
D)  Dihydroxyacetone phosphate 
E)  malonyl-CoA
F) ACP
G) chylomicrons
H) phosphopantetheine
I) flavin
J) albumin
K) ketone bodies
L) cholesterol 
A)  HDL 
B)  propionyl-CoA 
C)  LDL 
D)  Dihydroxyacetone phosphate 
E)  malonyl-CoA
F) ACP
G) chylomicrons
H) phosphopantetheine
I) flavin
J) albumin
K) ketone bodies
L) cholesterol

Question 12

The activity of lipases is controlled in part by a process known as ____ which functions effectively due to the ____ where lipases are active.

Accepted Answer

A) interfacial activation;lipid-water interface 
B) lipase activation;lipid-water interface 
C) lipase activation;bile salt-water interface 
D) micelle activation;water-salt interface 
E) none of the above 
A) interfacial activation;lipid-water interface 
B) lipase activation;lipid-water interface 
C) lipase activation;bile salt-water interface 
D) micelle activation;water-salt interface 
E) none of the above

Question 13

Sphinganine is an intermediate in the synthesis of which of the following?
(I)ceramides
(II)spingomyelins
(III)cerebrosides
(IV)prostaglandins

Accepted Answer

A) I only 
B) I,II 
C) I,II,III 
D) II,III 
E) I,II,IV 
A) I only 
B) I,II 
C) I,II,III 
D) II,III 
E) I,II,IV

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in cholesterol synthesis? (Note: not all events in the sequence are included)

Accepted Answer

A) HMG-CoA > isopentyl pyrophosphate > farnesyl pyrophosphate > geranyl pyrophosphate 
B) isopentyl pyrophosphate > squalene > oxidosqualene > geranyl pyrophosphate 
C) dimethylallyl pyrophosphate > geranyl pyrophosphate > farnesyl pyrophosphate > squalene 
D) HMG -CoA > phosphomevalonate > squalene > farnesyl pyrophosphate 
E) mevalonate > dimethylallyl pyrophosphate > farnesyl pyrophosphate > gernayl pyrophosphate 
A) HMG-CoA > isopentyl pyrophosphate > farnesyl pyrophosphate > geranyl pyrophosphate 
B) isopentyl pyrophosphate > squalene > oxidosqualene > geranyl pyrophosphate 
C) dimethylallyl pyrophosphate > geranyl pyrophosphate > farnesyl pyrophosphate > squalene 
D) HMG -CoA > phosphomevalonate > squalene > farnesyl pyrophosphate 
E) mevalonate > dimethylallyl pyrophosphate > farnesyl pyrophosphate > gernayl pyrophosphate

Question 15

Which of the following is the source of the two carbon fragments in fatty acids biosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A) acetyl CoA 
B) malonyl CoA 
C) palmitic acid 
D) propionyl CoA 
E) ceramides 
A) acetyl CoA 
B) malonyl CoA 
C) palmitic acid 
D) propionyl CoA 
E) ceramides

Question 16

Matching
Choose the correct answer from the list.Not all the answers will be used.

-Cells take up ____ by receptor mediated endocytosis.

Accepted Answer

A)  HDL 
B)  propionyl-CoA 
C)  LDL 
D)  Dihydroxyacetone phosphate 
E)  malonyl-CoA
F) ACP
G) chylomicrons
H) phosphopantetheine
I) flavin
J) albumin
K) ketone bodies
L) cholesterol 
A)  HDL 
B)  propionyl-CoA 
C)  LDL 
D)  Dihydroxyacetone phosphate 
E)  malonyl-CoA
F) ACP
G) chylomicrons
H) phosphopantetheine
I) flavin
J) albumin
K) ketone bodies
L) cholesterol

Question 17

An important structural lipid found in nerve cell membranes,______,is a type of ______.

Accepted Answer

A) sphingomyelin,phospholipid 
B) phosphatidylcholine,phospholipid 
C) palmitate,glycerophospholipid 
D) glucagon,hormone 
E) none of the above 
A) sphingomyelin,phospholipid 
B) phosphatidylcholine,phospholipid 
C) palmitate,glycerophospholipid 
D) glucagon,hormone 
E) none of the above

Question 18

Which of the following drugs acts by acetylating a serine residue preventing adequate enzyme activity?

Accepted Answer

A) ibuprofen 
B) acetaminophen 
C) Vioxx® 
D) aspirin 
E) Celebrex® 
A) ibuprofen 
B) acetaminophen 
C) Vioxx® 
D) aspirin 
E) Celebrex®

Question 19

Which statement concerning fatty acid synthesis is TRUE?
(I)The process occurs in the cytosol.
(II)In eukaryotes,the process occurs on a single large protein.
(III)The growing acyl chain is carried on an acyl carrier protein instead of coenzyme A.
(IV)The process requires two NADPH per acetyl group (2 carbons)added.

Accepted Answer

A) I,II 
B) II,III 
C) I,II,III,IV 
D) III,IV 
E) I,III,IV 
A) I,II 
B) II,III 
C) I,II,III,IV 
D) III,IV 
E) I,III,IV

Question 20

Which of the following is the starting metabolite in ketone body biosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A) acetyl CoA 
B) malonyl CoA 
C) propionlyl CoA 
D) acetyl CoA and propionyl CoA 
E) acetyl CoA and malonyl CoA 
A) acetyl CoA 
B) malonyl CoA 
C) propionlyl CoA 
D) acetyl CoA and propionyl CoA 
E) acetyl CoA and malonyl CoA

Exam 20: Lipid Metabolism

In which cellular compartment does the following reaction take place? HMG-CoA + 2 NADPH → mevalonate + 2 NADP+ + Acetyl-CoA

Which of the following enzymes is NOT involved in the tricarboxylate transport system?

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the enzyme acetyl-CoA carboxylase? (I)It catalyzes the first committed step in fatty acid oxidation. (II)It requires S-adenosylmethionine. (III)It produces malonyl CoA (IV)It uses acetyl CoA

Matching Choose the correct answer from the list.Not all the answers will be used. -Fatty acid synthesis requires both acetyl-CoA and ________ as initiator molecules.

Which of the following accurately ranks lipoproteins from highest to lowest density?

Matching Choose the correct answer from the list.Not all the answers will be used. -Lipoproteins formed in the intestinal mucosal cells are called ________.

Triacylglycerols are synthesized by ____ during times of starvation via a process known as ____.

Digestion of triacylglycerols is aided by the cholesterol derivatives synthesized by the liver known as

Which of the following compounds are required to make sphingosine? (I)palmitoyl-CoA (II)serine (III)acetyl-CoA (IV)isoprene (V)arachidonic acid

Matching Choose the correct answer from the list.Not all the answers will be used. -The β\betaβ oxidation of odd-numbered fatty acids results in ________ as a final product.

The activity of lipases is controlled in part by a process known as ____ which functions effectively due to the ____ where lipases are active.

Sphinganine is an intermediate in the synthesis of which of the following? (I)ceramides (II)spingomyelins (III)cerebrosides (IV)prostaglandins

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in cholesterol synthesis? (Note: not all events in the sequence are included)

Which of the following is the source of the two carbon fragments in fatty acids biosynthesis?

Matching Choose the correct answer from the list.Not all the answers will be used. -Cells take up ____ by receptor mediated endocytosis.

An important structural lipid found in nerve cell membranes,______,is a type of ______.

Which of the following drugs acts by acetylating a serine residue preventing adequate enzyme activity?

Which of the following is the starting metabolite in ketone body biosynthesis?

Introduction to the Chemistry of Life

Water

Nucleotides, nucleic Acids, and Genetic Information

Amino Acids

Proteins: Primary Structure

Proteins: Three-Dimensional Structure

Protein Function Part I: Myoglobin and Hemoglobin

Carbohydrates

Lipids and Biological Membranes

Membrane Transport

Enzyme Catalysis

Enzyme Kinetics, inhibition and Control

Biochemical Signaling

Introduction to Metabolism

Glucose Catabolism

Glycogen Metabolism and Gluconeogenesis

Citric Acid Cycle

Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation

Photosynthesis

Amino Acid Metabolism

Mammalian Fuel Metabolism: Integration and Regulation

Nucleotide Metabolism

Nucleic Acid Structure

DNA Replication, repair and Recombination

Transcription and Rna Processing

Protein Synthesis

Regulation of Gene Expression

Filters

In which cellular compartment does the following reaction take place? HMG-CoA + 2 NADPH → mevalonate + 2 NADP⁺ + Acetyl-CoA

Triacylglycerols are synthesized by during times of starvation via a process known as .

Matching Choose the correct answer from the list.Not all the answers will be used. -The $\beta$ oxidation of odd-numbered fatty acids results in ________ as a final product.

The activity of lipases is controlled in part by a process known as which functions effectively due to the where lipases are active.

An important structural lipid found in nerve cell membranes,,is a type of .