Question 1

Which of the following proteins stimulates the appetite?

Accepted Answer

A) leptin 
B) ghrelin 
C) adiponectin 
D) insulin

E)  PYY3-36 
A) leptin 
B) ghrelin 
C) adiponectin 
D) insulin

E)  PYY3-36 B

Question 2

Insulin-dependent (type 1)diabetes

Accepted Answer

A) is associated with a deficiency of pancreatic β-cells. 
B) is associated with a deficiency of insulin receptors. 
C) is associated with a deficiency of signal transduction 
D) can be treated with injections of leptin. 
E) can be treated with injections of ghrelin. 
A) is associated with a deficiency of pancreatic β-cells. 
B) is associated with a deficiency of insulin receptors. 
C) is associated with a deficiency of signal transduction 
D) can be treated with injections of leptin. 
E) can be treated with injections of ghrelin. A

Question 3

Matching
Choose the correct answer from the list.Not all the answers will be used.

-The endocrine glands secrete ______ which result in numerous cellular responses.

Accepted Answer

A)  α-adrenergic  receptor 
B)  β-adrenergic  receptor 
C)  Cori cycle 
D)  urea cycle 
E)  leptin
F) phosphatase
G) liver
H) hormones
I) acetyl CoA
J) ketone bodies
K) urea
L) kidney
M) brain
N) pancreas 
A)  α-adrenergic  receptor 
B)  β-adrenergic  receptor 
C)  Cori cycle 
D)  urea cycle 
E)  leptin
F) phosphatase
G) liver
H) hormones
I) acetyl CoA
J) ketone bodies
K) urea
L) kidney
M) brain
N) pancreas H

Question 4

The muscle and liver

Accepted Answer

A) both increase glucose uptake in response to insulin. 
B) both increase glycogenolysis in response to glucagon. 
C) both increase glycogenolysis in response to insulin. 
D) both decrease gluconeogenesis in response to insulin. 
E) none of the above 
A) both increase glucose uptake in response to insulin. 
B) both increase glycogenolysis in response to glucagon. 
C) both increase glycogenolysis in response to insulin. 
D) both decrease gluconeogenesis in response to insulin. 
E) none of the above

Question 5

The metabolic fate(s)of glucose-6-phosphate include
(I)glycogen and glucose.
(II)ribose-5-phosphate
(III)acetyl-CoA.
(IV)DNA and RNA.

Accepted Answer

A) I 
B) I,II 
C) I,III 
D) III,IV 
E) I,II,III,IV 
A) I 
B) I,II 
C) I,III 
D) III,IV 
E) I,II,III,IV

Question 6

Based on the information given in the chapter complete the following statement about the graph shown below: The curve labeled ___ corresponds to activity of glucokinase under conditions with no inhibition.The binding of ____ to the regulating protein would result in kinetic behavior represented by curve ____.

Accepted Answer

A) B;F6P;A 
B) A;glucose;B 
C) B;F6P;C 
D) C;F6P;B 
E) B;glucose;C 
A) B;F6P;A 
B) A;glucose;B 
C) B;F6P;C 
D) C;F6P;B 
E) B;glucose;C

Question 7

Phospholipase C cleaves PIP2,generating

Accepted Answer

A) IP3 and DAG (inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate and 1,2-diacylglycerol). 
B) cAMP and PPi. 
C) cAMP and DAG (1,2-diacylglycerol). 
D) IP3 and PPi. 
E) IP3 and Pi. 
A) IP3 and DAG (inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate and 1,2-diacylglycerol). 
B) cAMP and PPi. 
C) cAMP and DAG (1,2-diacylglycerol). 
D) IP3 and PPi. 
E) IP3 and Pi.

Question 8

Matching
Choose the correct answer from the list.Not all the answers will be used.

-The ______ stores very little glycogen and therefore requires a steady supply of glucose from the blood.

Accepted Answer

A)  α-adrenergic  receptor 
B)  β-adrenergic  receptor 
C)  Cori cycle 
D)  urea cycle 
E)  leptin
F) phosphatase
G) liver
H) hormones
I) acetyl CoA
J) ketone bodies
K) urea
L) kidney
M) brain
N) pancreas 
A)  α-adrenergic  receptor 
B)  β-adrenergic  receptor 
C)  Cori cycle 
D)  urea cycle 
E)  leptin
F) phosphatase
G) liver
H) hormones
I) acetyl CoA
J) ketone bodies
K) urea
L) kidney
M) brain
N) pancreas

Question 9

Which of the following metabolizes ketone bodies?
(I)brain
(II)liver
(III)muscle
(IV)adipose tissue

Accepted Answer

A) I,II,III,IV 
B) I,II,III 
C) I,III 
D) II only 
E) III only 
A) I,II,III,IV 
B) I,II,III 
C) I,III 
D) II only 
E) III only

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the function of AMP-dependent protein kinase (AMPK)?

Accepted Answer

A) It activates ATP-generating metabolic pathways and inhibits biosynthetic pathways. 
B) It activates biosynthetic pathways and inhibits ATP-generating metabolic pathways. 
C) It activates both ATP-generating and biosynthetic pathways. 
D) It inhibits both ATP-generating and biosynthetic pathways. 
E) None of the above is correct. 
A) It activates ATP-generating metabolic pathways and inhibits biosynthetic pathways. 
B) It activates biosynthetic pathways and inhibits ATP-generating metabolic pathways. 
C) It activates both ATP-generating and biosynthetic pathways. 
D) It inhibits both ATP-generating and biosynthetic pathways. 
E) None of the above is correct.

Question 11

At low glucose concentrations (≤5mM),the majority of glucose produced by liver cells is due to the action of

Accepted Answer

A) glucokinase. 
B) hexokinase. 
C) glucose-6-phosphatase. 
D) AMP-dependent protein kinase (AMPK). 
E) AMP-responsive tyrosine kinase. 
A) glucokinase. 
B) hexokinase. 
C) glucose-6-phosphatase. 
D) AMP-dependent protein kinase (AMPK). 
E) AMP-responsive tyrosine kinase.

Question 12

Glucokinase is regulated by _______ and _____.

Accepted Answer

A) glucokinase regulatory protein,fructose-6-phosphate 
B) fructose-6-phosphate,glucose 
C) glucose-6-phosphate;glucose 
D) ATP;glucose-6-phosphate 
E) all of the above 
A) glucokinase regulatory protein,fructose-6-phosphate 
B) fructose-6-phosphate,glucose 
C) glucose-6-phosphate;glucose 
D) ATP;glucose-6-phosphate 
E) all of the above

Question 13

Metabolism in the muscle is controlled hormonally by

Accepted Answer

A) glucagon 
B) insulin 
C) epinephrine 
D) B and C 
E) A,B,C 
A) glucagon 
B) insulin 
C) epinephrine 
D) B and C 
E) A,B,C

Question 14

Aerobic activity in response to stress results in which of the following?
(I)Glycolysis occurs in the muscle.
(II)Glycolysis occurs in the liver.
(III)Glycogenolysis occurs in the muscle.
(IV)Glycogenolysis occurs in the liver.

Accepted Answer

A) I,III,IV 
B) I,II,IV 
C) I,IV 
D) II,IV 
E) III,IV 
A) I,III,IV 
B) I,II,IV 
C) I,IV 
D) II,IV 
E) III,IV

Question 15

Evidence suggests that the lifespan of a rodent may be extended

Accepted Answer

A) 30% by a 60% reduction in calorie intake. 
B) 50% by a 30-40% reduction in calorie intake. 
C) 40% by a 50% reduction in calorie intake. 
D) 50% by reducing caloric intake by half. 
E) 50% by minimizing carbohydrate rich calorie sources. 
A) 30% by a 60% reduction in calorie intake. 
B) 50% by a 30-40% reduction in calorie intake. 
C) 40% by a 50% reduction in calorie intake. 
D) 50% by reducing caloric intake by half. 
E) 50% by minimizing carbohydrate rich calorie sources.

Question 16

Metformin and thiazolidinediones (TZDs)are used to treat ____ and produce a(an)______ in AMPK activity.

Accepted Answer

A) type 2 diabetes;decrease 
B) type 2 diabetes;increase 
C) type 1 diabetes;decrease 
D) type 1 diabetes;increase 
E) both type 1 and type 2 diabetes;decrease 
A) type 2 diabetes;decrease 
B) type 2 diabetes;increase 
C) type 1 diabetes;decrease 
D) type 1 diabetes;increase 
E) both type 1 and type 2 diabetes;decrease

Question 17

Which of the following reactions is catalyzed by adenylate cyclase?

Accepted Answer

A) ATP $\to$ cAMP + PPi 
B) cAMP $\to$ AMP 
C) ATP $\to$ cATP 
D) ADP $\to$ cAMP + Pi 
E) AMP $\to$ cAMP 
A) ATP $\to$ cAMP + PPi 
B) cAMP $\to$ AMP 
C) ATP $\to$ cATP 
D) ADP $\to$ cAMP + Pi 
E) AMP $\to$ cAMP

Question 18

The common products of fuel metabolism in mammals are

Accepted Answer

A) oxaloacetate and acetyl- CoA. 
B) pyruvate and acetyl-CoA. 
C) ATP and acetyl-CoA. 
D) pyruvate and glucose. 
E) none of the above 
A) oxaloacetate and acetyl- CoA. 
B) pyruvate and acetyl-CoA. 
C) ATP and acetyl-CoA. 
D) pyruvate and glucose. 
E) none of the above

Question 19

The interorgan pathway that allows transport of nitrogen from muscle to the liver utilizes ____ as an amino group acceptor in the transamination reaction generating _____.

Accepted Answer

A) acetyl-CoA;alanine 
B) acetyl-CoA;glutamine 
C) pyruvate;glutamine 
D) pyruvate;glutamate 
E) pyruvate;alanine 
A) acetyl-CoA;alanine 
B) acetyl-CoA;glutamine 
C) pyruvate;glutamine 
D) pyruvate;glutamate 
E) pyruvate;alanine

Question 20

Activation of AMPK activity is

Accepted Answer

A) accomplished by AMP induced conformational changes facilitating phosphorylation. 
B) accomplished by ATP induced conformational change facilitating phosphorylation. 
C) inhibited by high levels of AMP due to conformational changes burying the phosphorylation site. 
D) increased by high levels of ATP due to conformational changes burying the phosphorylation site. 
E) none of the above 
A) accomplished by AMP induced conformational changes facilitating phosphorylation. 
B) accomplished by ATP induced conformational change facilitating phosphorylation. 
C) inhibited by high levels of AMP due to conformational changes burying the phosphorylation site. 
D) increased by high levels of ATP due to conformational changes burying the phosphorylation site. 
E) none of the above

Exam 22: Mammalian Fuel Metabolism: Integration and Regulation

Which of the following proteins stimulates the appetite?

Insulin-dependent (type 1)diabetes

Matching Choose the correct answer from the list.Not all the answers will be used. -The endocrine glands secrete ______ which result in numerous cellular responses.

The muscle and liver

The metabolic fate(s)of glucose-6-phosphate include (I)glycogen and glucose. (II)ribose-5-phosphate (III)acetyl-CoA. (IV)DNA and RNA.

Phospholipase C cleaves PIP2,generating

Matching Choose the correct answer from the list.Not all the answers will be used. -The ______ stores very little glycogen and therefore requires a steady supply of glucose from the blood.

Which of the following metabolizes ketone bodies? (I)brain (II)liver (III)muscle (IV)adipose tissue

Which of the following best describes the function of AMP-dependent protein kinase (AMPK)?

At low glucose concentrations (≤5mM),the majority of glucose produced by liver cells is due to the action of

Glucokinase is regulated by _______ and _____.

Metabolism in the muscle is controlled hormonally by

Aerobic activity in response to stress results in which of the following? (I)Glycolysis occurs in the muscle. (II)Glycolysis occurs in the liver. (III)Glycogenolysis occurs in the muscle. (IV)Glycogenolysis occurs in the liver.

Evidence suggests that the lifespan of a rodent may be extended

Metformin and thiazolidinediones (TZDs)are used to treat ____ and produce a(an)______ in AMPK activity.

Which of the following reactions is catalyzed by adenylate cyclase?

The common products of fuel metabolism in mammals are

The interorgan pathway that allows transport of nitrogen from muscle to the liver utilizes ____ as an amino group acceptor in the transamination reaction generating _____.

Activation of AMPK activity is

Introduction to the Chemistry of Life

Water

Nucleotides, nucleic Acids, and Genetic Information

Amino Acids

Proteins: Primary Structure

Proteins: Three-Dimensional Structure

Protein Function Part I: Myoglobin and Hemoglobin

Carbohydrates

Lipids and Biological Membranes

Membrane Transport

Enzyme Catalysis

Enzyme Kinetics, inhibition and Control

Biochemical Signaling

Introduction to Metabolism

Glucose Catabolism

Glycogen Metabolism and Gluconeogenesis

Citric Acid Cycle

Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation

Photosynthesis

Lipid Metabolism

Amino Acid Metabolism

Nucleotide Metabolism

Nucleic Acid Structure

DNA Replication, repair and Recombination

Transcription and Rna Processing

Protein Synthesis

Regulation of Gene Expression

Filters

Phospholipase C cleaves PIP₂,generating

Glucokinase is regulated by ___ and _.

Metformin and thiazolidinediones (TZDs)are used to treat and produce a(an)__ in AMPK activity.

The interorgan pathway that allows transport of nitrogen from muscle to the liver utilizes as an amino group acceptor in the transamination reaction generating _.