Question 1

Which of the following relates to the observation that males and females make approximately equal amounts of X-chromosome gene products?

Accepted Answer

A) the phenomenon is known as dosage compensation 
B) inactivation of one of the X-chromosomes 
C) unequal distribution of X-chromosome genes. 
D) A and B 
E) B and C 
A) the phenomenon is known as dosage compensation 
B) inactivation of one of the X-chromosomes 
C) unequal distribution of X-chromosome genes. 
D) A and B 
E) B and C D

Question 2

In eukaryotic cells,methylated bases are present in palindromic ______,which are often found in upstream promoter regions.

Accepted Answer

A) CpG islands 
B) ORFs 
C) SNPs 
D) LINEs 
E) SINEs 
A) CpG islands 
B) ORFs 
C) SNPs 
D) LINEs 
E) SINEs A

Question 3

Matching
Choose the correct answer from the list.Not all the answers will be used.

-Enhancer activity can be blocked by the presence of sequences called _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  globin 
B)  M phase 
C)  G0 phase 
D)  necrosis 
E)  euchromatin
F) S phase
G) riboswitch
H) histone
I) insulators
J) heterochromatin
K) Mediator
L) 1,6-allolactose
M) apoptosis
N) orphan
O) galactose 
A)  globin 
B)  M phase 
C)  G0 phase 
D)  necrosis 
E)  euchromatin
F) S phase
G) riboswitch
H) histone
I) insulators
J) heterochromatin
K) Mediator
L) 1,6-allolactose
M) apoptosis
N) orphan
O) galactose I

Question 4

Considering the E.coli trp operon,which of the following is TRUE?
(I)The formation of the 2-3 hairpin is highly favored over the 1-2 hairpin when trp is low.
(II)When the concentration of Trp-tRNATrp is low,the ribosome halts on tandem Trp codon of segment 1.
(III)Formation of the 2-3 hairpin facilitates transcription and translation of the trp operon.
IV)The attenuator system has no effect when Trp levels are high.

Accepted Answer

A) I,II,III,IV 
B) I,II,III 
C) II,III 
D) II,III,IV 
E) II,IV 
A) I,II,III,IV 
B) I,II,III 
C) II,III 
D) II,III,IV 
E) II,IV

Question 5

RNA interference is a mechanism of posttranscriptional RNA-dependent

Accepted Answer

A) chromatin-remodeling. 
B) gene silencing. 
C) histone methylation. 
D) coactivation. 
E) apoptosis. 
A) chromatin-remodeling. 
B) gene silencing. 
C) histone methylation. 
D) coactivation. 
E) apoptosis.

Question 6

How many nucleotide pairs does a bacterial genome typically contain?

Accepted Answer

A) 103 - 104 
B) 105 - 106 
C) 106 - 107 
D) 108 - 109 
E) none of the above 
A) 103 - 104 
B) 105 - 106 
C) 106 - 107 
D) 108 - 109 
E) none of the above

Question 7

Which of the following best describes caspases?

Accepted Answer

A) They are cysteine proteases that participate in apoptosis. 
B) They are cyclin-dependent protein kinases that regulate the cell cycle. 
C) They are tumor suppressor DNA-binding proteins. 
D) They are a class of high mobility group (HMG)proteins. 
E) They are DNA repair enzymes involved in splicing immunoglobulin genes. 
A) They are cysteine proteases that participate in apoptosis. 
B) They are cyclin-dependent protein kinases that regulate the cell cycle. 
C) They are tumor suppressor DNA-binding proteins. 
D) They are a class of high mobility group (HMG)proteins. 
E) They are DNA repair enzymes involved in splicing immunoglobulin genes.

Question 8

In humans,approximately ______ of the genome encodes proteins.

Accepted Answer

A) 0)4% 
B) 1)4% 
C) 14% 
D) 24% 
E) 44% 
A) 0)4% 
B) 1)4% 
C) 14% 
D) 24% 
E) 44%

Question 9

On average a single nucleotide polymorphism occurs ____ in humans.

Accepted Answer

A) every 2050 base pairs 
B) every 250 base pairs 
C) every 1250 base pairs 
D) every 2 replications 
E) every 2 million base pairs 
A) every 2050 base pairs 
B) every 250 base pairs 
C) every 1250 base pairs 
D) every 2 replications 
E) every 2 million base pairs

Question 10

Human cancers are often caused by a mutation in ___,which generally functions to restrain uncontrolled cell proliferation.

Accepted Answer

A) the cyclin gene 
B) the p53 gene 
C) a high mobility group (HMG)gene 
D) an activator region 
E) a silencer region 
A) the cyclin gene 
B) the p53 gene 
C) a high mobility group (HMG)gene 
D) an activator region 
E) a silencer region

Question 11

Which of the following correctly describes the function of the repressor protein controlling expression of the trp operon?

Accepted Answer

A) In the presence of tryptophan,the trp repressor tryptophan complex binds the operator inhibiting transcription. 
B) In the absence of tryptophan,the trp repressor tryptophan complex binds the operator inhibiting transcription. 
C) In the presence of tryptophan,the trp repressor tryptophan complex binds the operator enhancing transcription. 
D) In the absence of tryptophan,the trp repressor tryptophan complex binds the operator enhancing transcription. 
E) None of the above. 
A) In the presence of tryptophan,the trp repressor tryptophan complex binds the operator inhibiting transcription. 
B) In the absence of tryptophan,the trp repressor tryptophan complex binds the operator inhibiting transcription. 
C) In the presence of tryptophan,the trp repressor tryptophan complex binds the operator enhancing transcription. 
D) In the absence of tryptophan,the trp repressor tryptophan complex binds the operator enhancing transcription. 
E) None of the above.

Question 12

Which of the following is correct regarding the function of the lac repressor protein?

Accepted Answer

A) In the presence of allolactose,the protein binds the operator inhibiting transcription. 
B) In the absence of allolactose,the protein binds the operator inhibiting transcription. 
C) In the presence of allolactose,the protein binds the operator enhancing transcription. 
D) In the absence of allolactose,the protein binds the operator enhancing transcription. 
E) None of the above. 
A) In the presence of allolactose,the protein binds the operator inhibiting transcription. 
B) In the absence of allolactose,the protein binds the operator inhibiting transcription. 
C) In the presence of allolactose,the protein binds the operator enhancing transcription. 
D) In the absence of allolactose,the protein binds the operator enhancing transcription. 
E) None of the above.

Question 13

Progression through the cell cycle
(I)is regulated by cyclins.
(II)is controlled by Cdks.
(III)is altered by CKIs.

Accepted Answer

A) I only 
B) II only 
C) III only 
D) II ,III 
E) I,II,III 
A) I only 
B) II only 
C) III only 
D) II ,III 
E) I,II,III

Question 14

How does the transcriptional machinery gain access to the nucleosome-sequestered DNA?
(I)Methylation of DNA prevents histone binding.
(II)Chromatin-remodeling complexes allow sections of DNA to be transiently exposed to transcription factors.
(III)The transcription proteins have higher affinity for DNA and push the histones away from binding sites.

Accepted Answer

A) I,II,III 
B) I,II 
C) II,III 
D) I,III 
E) II only 
A) I,II,III 
B) I,II 
C) II,III 
D) I,III 
E) II only

Question 15

Matching
Choose the correct answer from the list.Not all the answers will be used.

-Genes without a known function are called ______ genes.

Accepted Answer

A)  globin 
B)  M phase 
C)  G0 phase 
D)  necrosis 
E)  euchromatin
F) S phase
G) riboswitch
H) histone
I) insulators
J) heterochromatin
K) Mediator
L) 1,6-allolactose
M) apoptosis
N) orphan
O) galactose 
A)  globin 
B)  M phase 
C)  G0 phase 
D)  necrosis 
E)  euchromatin
F) S phase
G) riboswitch
H) histone
I) insulators
J) heterochromatin
K) Mediator
L) 1,6-allolactose
M) apoptosis
N) orphan
O) galactose

Question 16

Which of the following genes rarely occur in multiple copies?
(I)histone proteins
(II)protein-coding genes
(III)gene clusters

Accepted Answer

A) I,II,III 
B) I,II 
C) I,III 
D) II only 
E) III only 
A) I,II,III 
B) I,II 
C) I,III 
D) II only 
E) III only

Question 17

How many nucleotide pairs does a mammalian genome typically contain?

Accepted Answer

A) 105 - 106 
B) 106 - 107 
C) 108 - 109 
D) 109 - 1010 
E) none of the above 
A) 105 - 106 
B) 106 - 107 
C) 108 - 109 
D) 109 - 1010 
E) none of the above

Question 18

Matching
Choose the correct answer from the list.Not all the answers will be used.

-Mitosis and cell division take place during ______ of the cell cycle.

Accepted Answer

A)  globin 
B)  M phase 
C)  G0 phase 
D)  necrosis 
E)  euchromatin
F) S phase
G) riboswitch
H) histone
I) insulators
J) heterochromatin
K) Mediator
L) 1,6-allolactose
M) apoptosis
N) orphan
O) galactose 
A)  globin 
B)  M phase 
C)  G0 phase 
D)  necrosis 
E)  euchromatin
F) S phase
G) riboswitch
H) histone
I) insulators
J) heterochromatin
K) Mediator
L) 1,6-allolactose
M) apoptosis
N) orphan
O) galactose

Question 19

The apparent correlation between histone modification and control over gene expression is termed

Accepted Answer

A) architectural model. 
B) polymorphism. 
C) chromatin remodeling. 
D) the histone code. 
E) acetylation. 
A) architectural model. 
B) polymorphism. 
C) chromatin remodeling. 
D) the histone code. 
E) acetylation.

Question 20

Matching
Choose the correct answer from the list.Not all the answers will be used.

-DNA is synthesized during ______ of the cell cycle.

Accepted Answer

A)  globin 
B)  M phase 
C)  G0 phase 
D)  necrosis 
E)  euchromatin
F) S phase
G) riboswitch
H) histone
I) insulators
J) heterochromatin
K) Mediator
L) 1,6-allolactose
M) apoptosis
N) orphan
O) galactose 
A)  globin 
B)  M phase 
C)  G0 phase 
D)  necrosis 
E)  euchromatin
F) S phase
G) riboswitch
H) histone
I) insulators
J) heterochromatin
K) Mediator
L) 1,6-allolactose
M) apoptosis
N) orphan
O) galactose

Exam 28: Regulation of Gene Expression

Which of the following relates to the observation that males and females make approximately equal amounts of X-chromosome gene products?

In eukaryotic cells,methylated bases are present in palindromic ______,which are often found in upstream promoter regions.

Matching Choose the correct answer from the list.Not all the answers will be used. -Enhancer activity can be blocked by the presence of sequences called _____.

RNA interference is a mechanism of posttranscriptional RNA-dependent

How many nucleotide pairs does a bacterial genome typically contain?

Which of the following best describes caspases?

In humans,approximately ______ of the genome encodes proteins.

On average a single nucleotide polymorphism occurs ____ in humans.

Human cancers are often caused by a mutation in ___,which generally functions to restrain uncontrolled cell proliferation.

Which of the following correctly describes the function of the repressor protein controlling expression of the trp operon?

Which of the following is correct regarding the function of the lac repressor protein?

Progression through the cell cycle (I)is regulated by cyclins. (II)is controlled by Cdks. (III)is altered by CKIs.

Matching Choose the correct answer from the list.Not all the answers will be used. -Genes without a known function are called ______ genes.

Which of the following genes rarely occur in multiple copies? (I)histone proteins (II)protein-coding genes (III)gene clusters

How many nucleotide pairs does a mammalian genome typically contain?

Matching Choose the correct answer from the list.Not all the answers will be used. -Mitosis and cell division take place during ______ of the cell cycle.

The apparent correlation between histone modification and control over gene expression is termed

Matching Choose the correct answer from the list.Not all the answers will be used. -DNA is synthesized during ______ of the cell cycle.

Introduction to the Chemistry of Life

Water

Nucleotides, nucleic Acids, and Genetic Information

Amino Acids

Proteins: Primary Structure

Proteins: Three-Dimensional Structure

Protein Function Part I: Myoglobin and Hemoglobin

Carbohydrates

Lipids and Biological Membranes

Membrane Transport

Enzyme Catalysis

Enzyme Kinetics, inhibition and Control

Biochemical Signaling

Introduction to Metabolism

Glucose Catabolism

Glycogen Metabolism and Gluconeogenesis

Citric Acid Cycle

Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation

Photosynthesis

Lipid Metabolism

Amino Acid Metabolism

Mammalian Fuel Metabolism: Integration and Regulation

Nucleotide Metabolism

Nucleic Acid Structure

DNA Replication, repair and Recombination

Transcription and Rna Processing

Protein Synthesis

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