Question 1

Heterochromatin is

Accepted Answer

A) DNA that is tightly condensed and transcriptionally active. 
B) DNA that is tightly condensed and transcriptionally inactive. 
C) DNA that is not condensed and transcriptionally active. 
D) DNA that is not condensed and transcriptionally inactive. 
E) DNA that is not condensed,but may or may not be transcriptionally active. 
A) DNA that is tightly condensed and transcriptionally active. 
B) DNA that is tightly condensed and transcriptionally inactive. 
C) DNA that is not condensed and transcriptionally active. 
D) DNA that is not condensed and transcriptionally inactive. 
E) DNA that is not condensed,but may or may not be transcriptionally active.

Question 2

Matching
Choose the correct answer from the list.Not all the answers will be used.

-The ______ proteins can undergo posttranslational modification by acetylation,phosphorylation,methylation,and ubiquitination.

Accepted Answer

A)  globin 
B)  M phase 
C)  G0 phase 
D)  necrosis 
E)  euchromatin
F) S phase
G) riboswitch
H) histone
I) insulators
J) heterochromatin
K) Mediator
L) 1,6-allolactose
M) apoptosis
N) orphan
O) galactose 
A)  globin 
B)  M phase 
C)  G0 phase 
D)  necrosis 
E)  euchromatin
F) S phase
G) riboswitch
H) histone
I) insulators
J) heterochromatin
K) Mediator
L) 1,6-allolactose
M) apoptosis
N) orphan
O) galactose

Question 3

The process of somatic recombination
(I)results in antibody diversity.
(II)involves selection of individual members of clustered gene sequences.
(III)involves selection and recombination of specific exons on the $\kappa$ and/or $\lambda$ chain.

Accepted Answer

A) I,II,III 
B) I,II 
C) I,III 
D) II,III 
E) none of the above 
A) I,II,III 
B) I,II 
C) I,III 
D) II,III 
E) none of the above

Question 4

Activators and repressors bind to target DNA sites called

Accepted Answer

A) enhancers and silencers,respectively. 
B) CpG islands. 
C) epigenic centers. 
D) all of the above 
E) none of the above 
A) enhancers and silencers,respectively. 
B) CpG islands. 
C) epigenic centers. 
D) all of the above 
E) none of the above

Question 5

What type of mutation causes conditions such as Huntington's disease and Fragile X syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A) an excess of trinucleotide repeats in a protein-coding gene 
B) a mutation in the p53 tumor suppressor 
C) a mutation in a cyclin-dependent protein kinase 
D) a mutation in the retinoblastoma gene 
E) a mutation in caspase-activated DNase 
A) an excess of trinucleotide repeats in a protein-coding gene 
B) a mutation in the p53 tumor suppressor 
C) a mutation in a cyclin-dependent protein kinase 
D) a mutation in the retinoblastoma gene 
E) a mutation in caspase-activated DNase

Question 6

Upstream transcription factors typically contain the following domain(s)
(I)a DNA binding domain.
(II)an activation domain,which often is rich in negative charges.
(III)an ATP binding domain,which is used to promote conformational change in the DNA.

Accepted Answer

A) I,II 
B) I,II,III 
C) I,III 
D) II,III 
E) none of the above 
A) I,II 
B) I,II,III 
C) I,III 
D) II,III 
E) none of the above

Question 7

Which of the following are requirements for genetic information?
(I)Information must be tapped in an orderly fashion.
(II)Information must be available to direct responses in changes to internal or external conditions.
(III)Information must be removable following development.

Accepted Answer

A) I,II,III 
B) I,II 
C) II,III 
D) I,III 
E) I only 
A) I,II,III 
B) I,II 
C) II,III 
D) I,III 
E) I only

Question 8

The p53 protein functions as a ___ arresting the cell cycle in the ___ phase.

Accepted Answer

A) cyclin;G2 
B) tumor suppressor;G2 
C) cyclin;Go 
D) tumor suppressor;Go 
E) tumor suppressor;S 
A) cyclin;G2 
B) tumor suppressor;G2 
C) cyclin;Go 
D) tumor suppressor;Go 
E) tumor suppressor;S

Question 9

In prokaryotes,which of the following are effective at controlling gene expression relative to the concentration of a metabolite or catabolite?
(I)CAP or CRP
(II)long terminal repeats (LTRs)
(III)riboswitches
(IV)SWI/SNF

Accepted Answer

A) I,II,III,IV 
B) I,II,III 
C) I,III 
D) II,IV 
E) III,IV 
A) I,II,III,IV 
B) I,II,III 
C) I,III 
D) II,IV 
E) III,IV

Question 10

A mutant strain of E.coli lacks a binding site for CAP at the promoter for the lac operon.How does expression of the operon compare to wild type? (The bold face row indicates units of activity observed in wild type. )

Accepted Answer

The answer of A mutant strain of E.coli lacks a...

Question 11

Matching
Choose the correct answer from the list.Not all the answers will be used.

-Transcriptionally active DNA in eukaryotes is called ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  globin 
B)  M phase 
C)  G0 phase 
D)  necrosis 
E)  euchromatin
F) S phase
G) riboswitch
H) histone
I) insulators
J) heterochromatin
K) Mediator
L) 1,6-allolactose
M) apoptosis
N) orphan
O) galactose 
A)  globin 
B)  M phase 
C)  G0 phase 
D)  necrosis 
E)  euchromatin
F) S phase
G) riboswitch
H) histone
I) insulators
J) heterochromatin
K) Mediator
L) 1,6-allolactose
M) apoptosis
N) orphan
O) galactose

Question 12

Which of the following is TRUE regarding eukaryotic mRNAs?
(I)They uniformly stable.
(II)The poly (A)tail appears to partially Moderate the rate of degradation.
(III)The 5' cap appears to partially Moderate the rate of degradation.
(IV)They have decay times ranging from 10-30 minutes.

Accepted Answer

A) I,II 
B) II,III 
C) II,IV 
D) III,IV 
E) II only 
A) I,II 
B) II,III 
C) II,IV 
D) III,IV 
E) II only

Question 13

Eukaryotic posttranscriptional control of gene expression does NOT include

Accepted Answer

A) differential degradation of mRNA. 
B) attenuation. 
C) interference by RNA sequences. 
D) phosphorylation of eIF2. 
E) decapping of the mRNA 5' end. 
A) differential degradation of mRNA. 
B) attenuation. 
C) interference by RNA sequences. 
D) phosphorylation of eIF2. 
E) decapping of the mRNA 5' end.

Question 14

Gene regulation by the JAK-STAT pathway relays signals initiated by

Accepted Answer

A) phosphorylated cytokines binding to hormone response elements. 
B) steroids binding to steroid receptors inducing phosphorylation of tyrosine. 
C) methylation of the SH2 domain. 
D) bromodomain recruitment of coactivators. 
E) ligand binding induced dimerization of cytokine receptor. 
A) phosphorylated cytokines binding to hormone response elements. 
B) steroids binding to steroid receptors inducing phosphorylation of tyrosine. 
C) methylation of the SH2 domain. 
D) bromodomain recruitment of coactivators. 
E) ligand binding induced dimerization of cytokine receptor.

Question 15

An organism's metabolic complexity and morphology are not always consistent with the amount of its genetic material.This inconsistency is called

Accepted Answer

A) genomic degeneracy. 
B) the C-value paradox. 
C) nucleotide polymorphism. 
D) chromatin reorganization. 
E) Prader-Willi syndrome. 
A) genomic degeneracy. 
B) the C-value paradox. 
C) nucleotide polymorphism. 
D) chromatin reorganization. 
E) Prader-Willi syndrome.

Question 16

Matching
Choose the correct answer from the list.Not all the answers will be used.

-RNAP II holoenzyme contains RNAP II and the protein complex called ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  globin 
B)  M phase 
C)  G0 phase 
D)  necrosis 
E)  euchromatin
F) S phase
G) riboswitch
H) histone
I) insulators
J) heterochromatin
K) Mediator
L) 1,6-allolactose
M) apoptosis
N) orphan
O) galactose 
A)  globin 
B)  M phase 
C)  G0 phase 
D)  necrosis 
E)  euchromatin
F) S phase
G) riboswitch
H) histone
I) insulators
J) heterochromatin
K) Mediator
L) 1,6-allolactose
M) apoptosis
N) orphan
O) galactose

Question 17

Of the human genome approximately 80% ___.

Accepted Answer

A) is made up of exonic DNA. 
B) may be transcribed. 
C) is made up of protein encoding genes. 
D) A and C 
E) A and B 
A) is made up of exonic DNA. 
B) may be transcribed. 
C) is made up of protein encoding genes. 
D) A and C 
E) A and B

Question 18

Matching
Choose the correct answer from the list.Not all the answers will be used.

-In bacteria,riboflavin can inhibit its own synthesis by binding to an mRNA element termed a ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  globin 
B)  M phase 
C)  G0 phase 
D)  necrosis 
E)  euchromatin
F) S phase
G) riboswitch
H) histone
I) insulators
J) heterochromatin
K) Mediator
L) 1,6-allolactose
M) apoptosis
N) orphan
O) galactose 
A)  globin 
B)  M phase 
C)  G0 phase 
D)  necrosis 
E)  euchromatin
F) S phase
G) riboswitch
H) histone
I) insulators
J) heterochromatin
K) Mediator
L) 1,6-allolactose
M) apoptosis
N) orphan
O) galactose

Question 19

Which of the following statements about repetitive DNA sequences is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Both centromeres and telomeres contain repetitive DNA sequences. 
B) Short tandem repeats,such as (C
A) ?n,may be due to replication slippage. 
C) Large sections of repetitive sequences are observed in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. 
D) Familial relationships can be determined by analysis of repetitive DNA. 
E) Repetitive sequences are found in some protein-coding genes. 
A) Both centromeres and telomeres contain repetitive DNA sequences. 
B) Short tandem repeats,such as (C
A) ?n,may be due to replication slippage. 
C) Large sections of repetitive sequences are observed in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. 
D) Familial relationships can be determined by analysis of repetitive DNA. 
E) Repetitive sequences are found in some protein-coding genes.

Question 20

Which of the following would likely result in the formation of RNAi?

Accepted Answer

A) injection of antisense RNA from a human into human cells 
B) injection of sense RNA into C.elegans 
C) injection of antisense RNA from yeast into a human 
D) all of the above 
E) none of the above 
A) injection of antisense RNA from a human into human cells 
B) injection of sense RNA into C.elegans 
C) injection of antisense RNA from yeast into a human 
D) all of the above 
E) none of the above

Exam 28: Regulation of Gene Expression

Heterochromatin is

Matching Choose the correct answer from the list.Not all the answers will be used. -The ______ proteins can undergo posttranslational modification by acetylation,phosphorylation,methylation,and ubiquitination.

The process of somatic recombination (I)results in antibody diversity. (II)involves selection of individual members of clustered gene sequences. (III)involves selection and recombination of specific exons on the κ\kappaκ and/or λ\lambdaλ chain.

Activators and repressors bind to target DNA sites called

What type of mutation causes conditions such as Huntington's disease and Fragile X syndrome?

Upstream transcription factors typically contain the following domain(s) (I)a DNA binding domain. (II)an activation domain,which often is rich in negative charges. (III)an ATP binding domain,which is used to promote conformational change in the DNA.

Which of the following are requirements for genetic information? (I)Information must be tapped in an orderly fashion. (II)Information must be available to direct responses in changes to internal or external conditions. (III)Information must be removable following development.

The p53 protein functions as a ___ arresting the cell cycle in the ___ phase.

In prokaryotes,which of the following are effective at controlling gene expression relative to the concentration of a metabolite or catabolite? (I)CAP or CRP (II)long terminal repeats (LTRs) (III)riboswitches (IV)SWI/SNF

A mutant strain of E.coli lacks a binding site for CAP at the promoter for the lac operon.How does expression of the operon compare to wild type? (The bold face row indicates units of activity observed in wild type. )

Matching Choose the correct answer from the list.Not all the answers will be used. -Transcriptionally active DNA in eukaryotes is called ______.

Which of the following is TRUE regarding eukaryotic mRNAs? (I)They uniformly stable. (II)The poly (A)tail appears to partially Moderate the rate of degradation. (III)The 5' cap appears to partially Moderate the rate of degradation. (IV)They have decay times ranging from 10-30 minutes.

Eukaryotic posttranscriptional control of gene expression does NOT include

Gene regulation by the JAK-STAT pathway relays signals initiated by

An organism's metabolic complexity and morphology are not always consistent with the amount of its genetic material.This inconsistency is called

Matching Choose the correct answer from the list.Not all the answers will be used. -RNAP II holoenzyme contains RNAP II and the protein complex called ______.

Of the human genome approximately 80% ___.

Matching Choose the correct answer from the list.Not all the answers will be used. -In bacteria,riboflavin can inhibit its own synthesis by binding to an mRNA element termed a ______.

Which of the following statements about repetitive DNA sequences is FALSE?

Which of the following would likely result in the formation of RNAi?

Introduction to the Chemistry of Life

Water

Nucleotides, nucleic Acids, and Genetic Information

Amino Acids

Proteins: Primary Structure

Proteins: Three-Dimensional Structure

Protein Function Part I: Myoglobin and Hemoglobin

Carbohydrates

Lipids and Biological Membranes

Membrane Transport

Enzyme Catalysis

Enzyme Kinetics, inhibition and Control

Biochemical Signaling

Introduction to Metabolism

Glucose Catabolism

Glycogen Metabolism and Gluconeogenesis

Citric Acid Cycle

Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation

Photosynthesis

Lipid Metabolism

Amino Acid Metabolism

Mammalian Fuel Metabolism: Integration and Regulation

Nucleotide Metabolism

Nucleic Acid Structure

DNA Replication, repair and Recombination

Transcription and Rna Processing

Protein Synthesis

Filters

The process of somatic recombination (I)results in antibody diversity. (II)involves selection of individual members of clustered gene sequences. (III)involves selection and recombination of specific exons on the $\kappa$ and/or $\lambda$ chain.

The p53 protein functions as a _ arresting the cell cycle in the _ phase.