Exam 15: Chemical Equilibrium

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Hydrogen iodide decomposes according to the equation: 2HI(g) Hydrogen iodide decomposes according to the equation: 2HI(g)   H<sub>2</sub>(g)+ I<sub>2</sub>(g), K<sub>c</sub> = 0.0156 at 400ºC A 0.660 mol sample of HI was injected into a 2.00 L reaction vessel held at 400ºC. Calculate the concentration of H<sub>2</sub> equilibrium. H2(g)+ I2(g), Kc = 0.0156 at 400ºC A 0.660 mol sample of HI was injected into a 2.00 L reaction vessel held at 400ºC. Calculate the concentration of H2 equilibrium.

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Kc for the reaction CO2(g)+ H2(g) K<sub>c</sub> for the reaction CO<sub>2</sub>(g)+ H<sub>2</sub>(g)   H<sub>2</sub>O(g)+ CO(g)is 1.6 at about 990ºC.Calculate the number of moles of carbon monoxide in the final equilibrium system obtained by initially adding 1.00 mol of H<sub>2</sub>, 2.00 mol of CO<sub>2</sub>, 0.750 mol of H<sub>2</sub>O, and 1.00 mol of CO to a 5.00 L reactor at 990ºC. H2O(g)+ CO(g)is 1.6 at about 990ºC.Calculate the number of moles of carbon monoxide in the final equilibrium system obtained by initially adding 1.00 mol of H2, 2.00 mol of CO2, 0.750 mol of H2O, and 1.00 mol of CO to a 5.00 L reactor at 990ºC.

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At 400ºC, Kc = 64 for the equilibrium H2(g)+ I2(g) At 400ºC, K<sub>c</sub> = 64 for the equilibrium H<sub>2</sub>(g)+ I<sub>2</sub>(g)   2HI(g). If 3.00 mol H<sub>2</sub> and 3.00 mol I<sub>2</sub> are introduced into an empty 4.0 L vessel, find the equilibrium concentration of HI at 400ºC. 2HI(g). If 3.00 mol H2 and 3.00 mol I2 are introduced into an empty 4.0 L vessel, find the equilibrium concentration of HI at 400ºC.

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Consider the two gaseous equilibria: SO2(g)+ 1/2O2(g) Consider the two gaseous equilibria: SO<sub>2</sub>(g)+ <sup>1</sup>/<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub>SO<sub>3</sub>(g)K<sub>1</sub> <sub> </sub>2SO<sub>3</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> SO<sub>2</sub>(g)+ O<sub>2</sub>(g)K<sub>2</sub> The values of the equilibrium constants K<sub>1</sub> and K<sub>2</sub><sub> </sub>are related by SO3(g)K1 2SO3(g) Consider the two gaseous equilibria: SO<sub>2</sub>(g)+ <sup>1</sup>/<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub>SO<sub>3</sub>(g)K<sub>1</sub> <sub> </sub>2SO<sub>3</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> SO<sub>2</sub>(g)+ O<sub>2</sub>(g)K<sub>2</sub> The values of the equilibrium constants K<sub>1</sub> and K<sub>2</sub><sub> </sub>are related by SO2(g)+ O2(g)K2 The values of the equilibrium constants K1 and K2 are related by

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A solution was prepared such that the initial concentrations of Cu2+(aq)and CN-(aq)were 0.0120 M and 0.0400 M, respectively. These ions react according to the following chemical equation Cu2+(aq)+ 4CN-(aq) A solution was prepared such that the initial concentrations of Cu<sup>2+</sup>(aq)and CN<sup>-</sup>(aq)were 0.0120 M and 0.0400 M, respectively. These ions react according to the following chemical equation Cu<sup>2+</sup>(aq)+ 4CN<sup>-</sup>(aq)   Cu(CN)<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup>(aq)K<sub>c</sub> = 1.0 * 10<sup>25</sup> <sup> </sup>What will be the concentration of Cu<sup>2+</sup>(aq)at equilibrium? Cu(CN)42-(aq)Kc = 1.0 * 1025 What will be the concentration of Cu2+(aq)at equilibrium?

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The reaction 2NO(g)  The reaction 2NO(g)   N<sub>2</sub>(g)+ O<sub>2</sub>(g)is exothermic,  \Delta Hº<sub>rxn</sub> = -180 kJ/mol. Which one of these statements is true? N2(g)+ O2(g)is exothermic, Δ\Delta Hºrxn = -180 kJ/mol. Which one of these statements is true?

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Describe why addition of a catalyst does not affect the equilibrium constant for a reaction.

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Consider the equilibrium equation C(s)+ H2O(g)+ 2296 J Consider the equilibrium equation C(s)+ H<sub>2</sub>O(g)+ 2296 J  CO(g)+ H<sub>2</sub>(g). If additional gaseous water is added to this reaction mixture, what will happen to the temperature of the mixture?CO(g)+ H2(g). If additional gaseous water is added to this reaction mixture, what will happen to the temperature of the mixture?

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On analysis, an equilibrium mixture for the reaction 2H2S(g) On analysis, an equilibrium mixture for the reaction 2H<sub>2</sub>S(g)   <sub> </sub>2H<sub>2</sub>(g)+ S<sub>2</sub>(g)was found to contain 1.0 mol H<sub>2</sub>S, 4.0 mol H<sub>2</sub>, and 0.80 mol S<sub>2</sub> in a 4.0 L vessel. Calculate the equilibrium constant, K<sub>c</sub>, for this reaction. 2H2(g)+ S2(g)was found to contain 1.0 mol H2S, 4.0 mol H2, and 0.80 mol S2 in a 4.0 L vessel. Calculate the equilibrium constant, Kc, for this reaction.

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Consider the equilibrium equation C(s)+ H2O(g)+ 2296 J Consider the equilibrium equation C(s)+ H<sub>2</sub>O(g)+ 2296 J   CO(g)+ H<sub>2</sub>(g). What will happen to the mass of carbon if we add gaseous water to the system? CO(g)+ H2(g). What will happen to the mass of carbon if we add gaseous water to the system?

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What is the correct equilibrium constant expression for this reaction? 2HI(g) What is the correct equilibrium constant expression for this reaction? 2HI(g)   H<sub>2</sub>(g)+ I<sub>2</sub>(g) H2(g)+ I2(g)

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For the equilibrium reaction 2SO2(g)+ O2(g)  For the equilibrium reaction 2SO<sub>2</sub>(g)+ O<sub>2</sub>(g)   2SO<sub>3</sub>(g),  \Delta Hº<sub>rxn</sub> = -198 kJ/mol. Which one of these factors would cause the equilibrium constant to increase? 2SO3(g), Δ\Delta Hºrxn = -198 kJ/mol. Which one of these factors would cause the equilibrium constant to increase?

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In which of these gas-phase equilibria is the yield of products increased by increasing the total pressure on the reaction mixture?

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The following reactions occur at 500 K. Arrange them in order of increasing tendency to proceed to completion (least completion →\rarr greatest completion). 1)2NOCl  The following reactions occur at 500 K. Arrange them in order of increasing tendency to proceed to completion (least completion \rarr  greatest completion).  1)2NOCl   <sub> </sub>2NO + Cl<sub>2</sub> K<sub>p</sub> = 1.7 * 10<sup>- 2</sup> <sup> </sup> 2)N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>   <sub> </sub>2NO<sub>2</sub> K<sub>p</sub> = 1.5 * 10<sup>3</sup> <sup> </sup> 3)2SO<sub>3</sub>   <sub> </sub>2SO<sub>2</sub> + O<sub>2</sub> K<sub>p</sub> = 1.3 * 10<sup> -5</sup> <sup> </sup> 4)2NO<sub>2</sub>   <sub> </sub>2NO + O<sub>2</sub> K<sub>p</sub> = 5.9 * 10<sup> -5</sup> 2NO + Cl2 Kp = 1.7 * 10- 2 2)N2O4 11ec7153_21b4_20f5_88eb_03ce8bf4f194_TB3244_11 2NO2 Kp = 1.5 * 103 3)2SO3 11ec7153_21b4_20f5_88eb_03ce8bf4f194_TB3244_11 2SO2 + O2 Kp = 1.3 * 10 -5 4)2NO2 11ec7153_21b4_20f5_88eb_03ce8bf4f194_TB3244_11 2NO + O2 Kp = 5.9 * 10 -5

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Consider the following equilibrium, 4NH3(g)+ 3O2(g) Consider the following equilibrium, 4NH<sub>3</sub>(g)+ 3O<sub>2</sub>(g)   2N<sub>2</sub>(g)+ 6H<sub>2</sub>O(g)+ 1531 kJ State whether the concentrations of the reactants would increase, decrease, or remain constant after nitrogen gas was removed from the system. 2N2(g)+ 6H2O(g)+ 1531 kJ State whether the concentrations of the reactants would increase, decrease, or remain constant after nitrogen gas was removed from the system.

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Consider the chemical reaction 2NH3(g) Consider the chemical reaction 2NH<sub>3</sub>(g)   N<sub>2</sub>(g)+ 3H<sub>2</sub>(g). The equilibrium is to be established in a 1.0 L container at 1,000 K, where K<sub>c</sub> = 4.0 * 10<sup>-2</sup>. Initially, 1,220 moles of NH<sub>3</sub>(g)are present. Estimate the equilibrium concentration of H<sub>2</sub>(g). N2(g)+ 3H2(g). The equilibrium is to be established in a 1.0 L container at 1,000 K, where Kc = 4.0 * 10-2. Initially, 1,220 moles of NH3(g)are present. Estimate the equilibrium concentration of H2(g).

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The data below refer to the following reaction: 2NO(g)+ Br2(g) The data below refer to the following reaction: 2NO(g)+ Br<sub>2</sub>(g)   2NOBr(g)   Calculate K<sub>c</sub>. 2NOBr(g) The data below refer to the following reaction: 2NO(g)+ Br<sub>2</sub>(g)   2NOBr(g)   Calculate K<sub>c</sub>. Calculate Kc.

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Two moles of PCl5 are placed in a 5.0 L container. Dissociation takes place according to the equation PCl5 (g) Two moles of PCl<sub>5</sub> are placed in a 5.0 L container. Dissociation takes place according to the equation PCl<sub>5</sub> (g)   PCl<sub>3</sub>(g)+ Cl<sub>2</sub>(g). At equilibrium, 0.40 mol of Cl<sub>2</sub> are present. Calculate the equilibrium constant (K<sub>c</sub>)for this reaction under the conditions of this experiment. PCl3(g)+ Cl2(g). At equilibrium, 0.40 mol of Cl2 are present. Calculate the equilibrium constant (Kc)for this reaction under the conditions of this experiment.

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Consider the chemical reaction 2NH3(g) Consider the chemical reaction 2NH<sub>3</sub>(g)   N<sub>2</sub>(g)+ 3H<sub>2</sub>(g). The equilibrium is to be established in a 1.0 L container at 1,000 K, where K<sub>c</sub> = 4.0 * 10<sup>-2</sup>. Initially, 1,220 moles of NH<sub>3</sub>(g)are present. Estimate the equilibrium concentration of N<sub>2</sub>(g). N2(g)+ 3H2(g). The equilibrium is to be established in a 1.0 L container at 1,000 K, where Kc = 4.0 * 10-2. Initially, 1,220 moles of NH3(g)are present. Estimate the equilibrium concentration of N2(g).

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