Question 1

________ are pacemakers for slow wave activity.

Accepted Answer

A)  Interstitial cells of Cajal 
B)  Intrinsic neuron cells 
C)  Extrinsic neuron cells 
D)  G cells 
E)  Chief cells 
A)  Interstitial cells of Cajal 
B)  Intrinsic neuron cells 
C)  Extrinsic neuron cells 
D)  G cells 
E)  Chief cells

Question 2

Chronic inflammation of the pancreas,or pancreatitis,impairs the digestive functions of this organ.What would be the effect on digestion and absorption of carbohydrates,fats,and proteins if acinar cells are impaired? What if duct cells are impaired? Which hormones may be used to treat pancreatitis?

Accepted Answer

Acinar cells secrete digestive enzymes f

Question 3

Long reflexes that originate completely outside the digestive system include ________ and ________,which are called ________ reflexes.

Accepted Answer

feedforwar

Question 4

Nutrient absorption occurs primarily in the

Accepted Answer

A)  stomach. 
B)  liver. 
C)  small intestine. 
D)  large intestine. 
E)  stomach and small intestine. 
A)  stomach. 
B)  liver. 
C)  small intestine. 
D)  large intestine. 
E)  stomach and small intestine.

Question 5

Match the hormone with the correct statement.
-inhibits gastric emptying

Accepted Answer

A) gastrin 
B) cholecystokinin 
C) secretin 
D) motilin 
E) gastric inhibitory peptide 
A) gastrin 
B) cholecystokinin 
C) secretin 
D) motilin 
E) gastric inhibitory peptide

Question 6

Fat digestion is carried out by the enzyme ________,which breaks down triglyceride into ________.

Accepted Answer

lipase,two

Question 7

The exocrine portion of the pancreas consists of lobules called ________,which secrete ________.

Accepted Answer

acini,dige

Question 8

Slow waves are

Accepted Answer

A)  cycles of smooth muscle contraction and relaxation. 
B)  spontaneous cycles of depolarization and repolarization. 
C)  reflexes that originate and are integrated in the enteric nervous system. 
D)  peristaltic contractions. 
E)  segmental contractions. 
A)  cycles of smooth muscle contraction and relaxation. 
B)  spontaneous cycles of depolarization and repolarization. 
C)  reflexes that originate and are integrated in the enteric nervous system. 
D)  peristaltic contractions. 
E)  segmental contractions.

Question 9

Match the structure to its function.
-Fat digestion is completed here.

Accepted Answer

A) mouth 
B) stomach 
C) rectum 
D) small intestine 
E) large intestine 
A) mouth 
B) stomach 
C) rectum 
D) small intestine 
E) large intestine

Question 10

One way to determine the total energy in calories of a food is to burn it in a device called a bomb calorimeter.The heat produced during combustion minus the heat added to begin the combustion is the total calories in the food.The typical human digestive tract does not absorb all of the calories in food; thus it is not 100% efficient.Furthermore,calories in undigestible organic compounds may not be absorbed at all,and thus can be considered to be zero calorie relative to human nutrition.Artificial sweeteners and fats are designed to produce desired sensation in the mouth without being absorbed.These are organic compounds that would release heat in a bomb calorimeter,thus they technically have calories.
A.What does this suggest about the accuracy of the bomb calorimeter in determining available food calories for humans? What would be the results of bomb calorimetry of human feces?
B.What is it about a particular food substance that may prevent absorption of its calories?
C.What happens to the "zero-calorie" molecules as they pass through the digestive tract? What are the potential effects on defecation?

Accepted Answer

A.Bomb calorimetry is not 100% accurate,

Question 11

The motor activity of the muscularis externa is controlled by the

Accepted Answer

A)  submucosal plexus. 
B)  myenteric plexus. 
C)  migrating motor complex. 
D)  extrinsic neurons. 
E)  motilin. 
A)  submucosal plexus. 
B)  myenteric plexus. 
C)  migrating motor complex. 
D)  extrinsic neurons. 
E)  motilin.

Question 12

Match the structure or compound to its function.
-hormone that decreases iron absorption

Accepted Answer

A) ezetimbe 
B) ferroportin 
C) hepcidin 
D) DMT1 
E) NPC1L1 
A) ezetimbe 
B) ferroportin 
C) hepcidin 
D) DMT1 
E) NPC1L1

Question 13

Bicarbonate secretion

Accepted Answer

A)  neutralizes acid entering from the stomach into the duodenum. 
B)  is secreted by apical Cl--HCO3- antiport. 
C)  is not dependent on high levels of carbonic anhydrase to maintain bicarbonate production. 
D)  is secreted by the acinar cells. 
E)  neutralizes acid entering from the stomach into the duodenum and is secreted by apical Cl--HCO3- antiport. 
A)  neutralizes acid entering from the stomach into the duodenum. 
B)  is secreted by apical Cl--HCO3- antiport. 
C)  is not dependent on high levels of carbonic anhydrase to maintain bicarbonate production. 
D)  is secreted by the acinar cells. 
E)  neutralizes acid entering from the stomach into the duodenum and is secreted by apical Cl--HCO3- antiport.

Question 14

List the six types of epithelial cells associated with gastric glands.Briefly describe each one's role in the stomach.

Accepted Answer

Parietal cells secrete HCl and intrinsic

Question 15

List and briefly describe the action of peptides in the GI tract.

Accepted Answer

Generally,GI peptides stimulat

Question 16

In response to the hormone cholecystokinin,the pancreas secretes a fluid

Accepted Answer

A)  rich in enzymes. 
B)  rich in bicarbonate. 
C)  rich in bile. 
D)  that contains only proteinases. 
E)  that contains only amylase. 
A)  rich in enzymes. 
B)  rich in bicarbonate. 
C)  rich in bile. 
D)  that contains only proteinases. 
E)  that contains only amylase.

Question 17

Match the structure or compound to its function.
-transporter for iron absorption

Accepted Answer

A) ezetimbe 
B) ferroportin 
C) hepcidin 
D) DMT1 
E) NPC1L1 
A) ezetimbe 
B) ferroportin 
C) hepcidin 
D) DMT1 
E) NPC1L1

Question 18

What are short reflexes? What types of behaviors do they regulate? What are long reflexes? Give examples of each.

Accepted Answer

Reflexes controlled by the enteric nervo

Question 19

Powerful contractions that occur a few times each day in the colon are called

Accepted Answer

A)  segmentation. 
B)  tonic contractions. 
C)  phasic contractions. 
D)  peristalsis. 
E)  mass movements. 
A)  segmentation. 
B)  tonic contractions. 
C)  phasic contractions. 
D)  peristalsis. 
E)  mass movements.

Question 20

Contraction of the ________ alters the shape of the intestinal lumen and moves epithelial pleats and folds.

Accepted Answer

A)  mucosa 
B)  submucosa 
C)  submucosal plexus 
D)  muscularis mucosa 
E)  adventitia 
A)  mucosa 
B)  submucosa 
C)  submucosal plexus 
D)  muscularis mucosa 
E)  adventitia

Exam 21: The Digestive System

________ are pacemakers for slow wave activity.

Chronic inflammation of the pancreas,or pancreatitis,impairs the digestive functions of this organ.What would be the effect on digestion and absorption of carbohydrates,fats,and proteins if acinar cells are impaired? What if duct cells are impaired? Which hormones may be used to treat pancreatitis?

Long reflexes that originate completely outside the digestive system include ________ and ________,which are called ________ reflexes.

Nutrient absorption occurs primarily in the

Match the hormone with the correct statement. -inhibits gastric emptying

Fat digestion is carried out by the enzyme ________,which breaks down triglyceride into ________.

The exocrine portion of the pancreas consists of lobules called ________,which secrete ________.

Slow waves are

Match the structure to its function. -Fat digestion is completed here.

The motor activity of the muscularis externa is controlled by the

Match the structure or compound to its function. -hormone that decreases iron absorption

Bicarbonate secretion

List the six types of epithelial cells associated with gastric glands.Briefly describe each one's role in the stomach.

List and briefly describe the action of peptides in the GI tract.

In response to the hormone cholecystokinin,the pancreas secretes a fluid

Match the structure or compound to its function. -transporter for iron absorption

What are short reflexes? What types of behaviors do they regulate? What are long reflexes? Give examples of each.

Powerful contractions that occur a few times each day in the colon are called

Contraction of the ________ alters the shape of the intestinal lumen and moves epithelial pleats and folds.

Introduction to Physiology

Molecular Interactions

Compartmentation: Cells and Tissues

Energy and Cellular Metabolism

Membrane Dynamics

Communication, Integration, and Homeostasis

Introduction to the Endocrine System

Neurons: Cellular and Network Properties

The Central Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Efferent Division: Autonomic and Somatic Motor Control

Muscles

Integrative Physiology I: Control of Body Movement

Cardiovascular Physiology

Blood Flow and the Control of Blood Pressure

Blood

Mechanics of Breathing

Gas Exchange and Transport

The Kidneys

Integrative Physiology II: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

Metabolism and Energy Balance

Endocrine Control of Growth and Metabolism

The Immune System

Integrative Physiology III: Exercise

Reproduction and Development

Filters

Long reflexes that originate completely outside the digestive system include and ,which are called reflexes.

Fat digestion is carried out by the enzyme ,which breaks down triglyceride into .

The exocrine portion of the pancreas consists of lobules called ,which secrete .