Question 1

Each of the following paracrines may cause vasodilation EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  nitric oxide. 
B)  H+ ions from metabolic acids. 
C)  Ca2+. 
D)  K+. 
E)  CO2. 
A)  nitric oxide. 
B)  H+ ions from metabolic acids. 
C)  Ca2+. 
D)  K+. 
E)  CO2.

Question 2

What are some dangers of having coronary artery disease? What are some dangers of having hypertension?

Accepted Answer

This is discussed in

Question 3

________ capillaries are very porous and allow high volumes of fluids to pass through them,whereas ________ capillaries consist of more tightly joined cells that allow a high degree of selective materials to pass.

Accepted Answer

A)  Fenestrated, transcytotic 
B)  Continuous, fenestrated 
C)  Transcytotic, continuous 
D)  Fenestrated, continuous 
E)  Transcytotic, fenestrated 
A)  Fenestrated, transcytotic 
B)  Continuous, fenestrated 
C)  Transcytotic, continuous 
D)  Fenestrated, continuous 
E)  Transcytotic, fenestrated

Question 4

The osmotic pressure created by the presence of proteins is known as ________,which is (higher/lower)in the plasma than in the interstitial fluid.

Accepted Answer

colloid os

Question 5

Many drugs used to treat migraine headaches contain caffeine.What mechanism does caffeine have that can help with migraine headaches?

Accepted Answer

Migraine headaches are caused by dilatio

Question 6

Angiostatin and endostatin may be useful in the treatment of

Accepted Answer

A)  myocardial infarction. 
B)  hypertension. 
C)  hypotension. 
D)  cancer. 
E)  vasovagal syncope. 
A)  myocardial infarction. 
B)  hypertension. 
C)  hypotension. 
D)  cancer. 
E)  vasovagal syncope.

Question 7

While a nurse takes a blood pressure measurement on a patient,what determines how much the pressure cuff should be inflated? How would the nurse determine if he inflated the cuff too much? Too little?

Accepted Answer

How much to inflate the cuff is determin

Question 8

Baroreceptors have stretch-sensitive ion channels in their cell membrane.Increased pressure on the membrane opens the channels and allows ion flow that initiates action potentials.What kind of ion probably flows through these channels and in which direction?

Accepted Answer

Action potentials are created when a cel

Question 9

The matching of blood flow to the changing metabolic needs of a tissue is due to

Accepted Answer

A)  neural control. 
B)  hormonal control. 
C)  local control. 
A)  neural control. 
B)  hormonal control. 
C)  local control.

Question 10

________ is an increase in blood flow that accompanies an increase in metabolic activity.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ is an increase in blood flow...

Question 11

The turbulent flow of blood causes a noise called a ________ that can be heard through the stethoscope when taking blood pressure.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The turbulent flow of blood causes a...

Question 12

Stretch-sensitive mechanoreceptors known as ________ are located in some artery walls.

Accepted Answer

A)  nociceptors 
B)  chemoreceptors 
C)  baroreceptors 
D)  elasticeptors 
A)  nociceptors 
B)  chemoreceptors 
C)  baroreceptors 
D)  elasticeptors

Question 13

Josie is in her last weeks of pregnancy.During a routine check-up,she asks why she is suddenly experiencing swollen feet when she wears knee-high stockings (with a tight elastic band just below the knee).She is confused because an elderly relative wears support stockings to prevent swollen feet,an apparent contradiction.Speculate on a logical explanation for her swelling feet and the difference between support hose and knee-high stockings.

Accepted Answer

The elastic band in one of Josie's stock

Question 14

Which of the following is greater?

Accepted Answer

A)  blood pressure when the peripheral vessels dilate 
B)  blood pressure when the peripheral vessels constrict 
A)  blood pressure when the peripheral vessels dilate 
B)  blood pressure when the peripheral vessels constrict

Question 15

Cerebral capillaries are surrounded by ________ and glial cells and have tight junctions that create the ________.

Accepted Answer

pericytes,

Question 16

Compensation for decreased blood volume includes increases in

Accepted Answer

A)  sympathetic stimulation to blood vessels. 
B)  sympathetic stimulation of the heart. 
C)  water conservation by the kidneys. 
D)  sympathetic stimulation to blood vessels and water conservation by the kidneys. 
E)  sympathetic stimulation to blood vessels, sympathetic stimulation of the heart, and water conservation by the kidneys. 
A)  sympathetic stimulation to blood vessels. 
B)  sympathetic stimulation of the heart. 
C)  water conservation by the kidneys. 
D)  sympathetic stimulation to blood vessels and water conservation by the kidneys. 
E)  sympathetic stimulation to blood vessels, sympathetic stimulation of the heart, and water conservation by the kidneys.

Question 17

Tom suffers from hypertension (high blood pressure).Which of the following might help deal with his problem? A drug that

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulates α1 receptors in cardiac muscle tissue. 
B)  blocks α2 receptors in cardiac muscle tissue. 
C)  stimulates cAMP formation in cardiac muscle tissue. 
D)  blocks beta receptors in cardiac muscle tissue. 
E)  blocks muscarinic receptors in cardiac muscle tissue. 
A)  stimulates α1 receptors in cardiac muscle tissue. 
B)  blocks α2 receptors in cardiac muscle tissue. 
C)  stimulates cAMP formation in cardiac muscle tissue. 
D)  blocks beta receptors in cardiac muscle tissue. 
E)  blocks muscarinic receptors in cardiac muscle tissue.

Question 18

Perfusion is

Accepted Answer

A)  blood flow through an organ. 
B)  the driving force behind blood flow. 
C)  delivery of oxygen to cells. 
D)  the connection between capillaries and other vessels. 
E)  movement of blood through a shunt. 
A)  blood flow through an organ. 
B)  the driving force behind blood flow. 
C)  delivery of oxygen to cells. 
D)  the connection between capillaries and other vessels. 
E)  movement of blood through a shunt.

Question 19

Given what you know about blood pressure at various locations in the circulatory system,what pressure is actually determined during a standard blood pressure measurement? Why is the arm the chosen location for determining blood pressure? Is there a more accurate way to determine blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

The pressure in the brachial artery is w

Question 20

Children who suffer from protein starvation have bloated bellies of ascites (an accumulation of fluid in the tissue spaces of the abdomen).How would a shortage of protein in the diet cause this condition?

Accepted Answer

Protein is needed by the body for proper

Exam 15: Blood Flow and the Control of Blood Pressure

Each of the following paracrines may cause vasodilation EXCEPT

What are some dangers of having coronary artery disease? What are some dangers of having hypertension?

________ capillaries are very porous and allow high volumes of fluids to pass through them,whereas ________ capillaries consist of more tightly joined cells that allow a high degree of selective materials to pass.

The osmotic pressure created by the presence of proteins is known as ________,which is (higher/lower)in the plasma than in the interstitial fluid.

Many drugs used to treat migraine headaches contain caffeine.What mechanism does caffeine have that can help with migraine headaches?

Angiostatin and endostatin may be useful in the treatment of

While a nurse takes a blood pressure measurement on a patient,what determines how much the pressure cuff should be inflated? How would the nurse determine if he inflated the cuff too much? Too little?

Baroreceptors have stretch-sensitive ion channels in their cell membrane.Increased pressure on the membrane opens the channels and allows ion flow that initiates action potentials.What kind of ion probably flows through these channels and in which direction?

The matching of blood flow to the changing metabolic needs of a tissue is due to

________ is an increase in blood flow that accompanies an increase in metabolic activity.

The turbulent flow of blood causes a noise called a ________ that can be heard through the stethoscope when taking blood pressure.

Stretch-sensitive mechanoreceptors known as ________ are located in some artery walls.

Which of the following is greater?

Cerebral capillaries are surrounded by ________ and glial cells and have tight junctions that create the ________.

Compensation for decreased blood volume includes increases in

Tom suffers from hypertension (high blood pressure).Which of the following might help deal with his problem? A drug that

Perfusion is

Given what you know about blood pressure at various locations in the circulatory system,what pressure is actually determined during a standard blood pressure measurement? Why is the arm the chosen location for determining blood pressure? Is there a more accurate way to determine blood pressure?

Children who suffer from protein starvation have bloated bellies of ascites (an accumulation of fluid in the tissue spaces of the abdomen).How would a shortage of protein in the diet cause this condition?

Introduction to Physiology

Molecular Interactions

Compartmentation: Cells and Tissues

Energy and Cellular Metabolism

Membrane Dynamics

Communication, Integration, and Homeostasis

Introduction to the Endocrine System

Neurons: Cellular and Network Properties

The Central Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Efferent Division: Autonomic and Somatic Motor Control

Muscles

Integrative Physiology I: Control of Body Movement

Cardiovascular Physiology

Blood

Mechanics of Breathing

Gas Exchange and Transport

The Kidneys

Integrative Physiology II: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energy Balance

Endocrine Control of Growth and Metabolism

The Immune System

Integrative Physiology III: Exercise

Reproduction and Development

Filters

capillaries are very porous and allow high volumes of fluids to pass through them,whereas capillaries consist of more tightly joined cells that allow a high degree of selective materials to pass.

Cerebral capillaries are surrounded by and glial cells and have tight junctions that create the .