Question 1

Match the answers to the questions.
-The neurotransmitter acetylcholine is released by neurons at the neuroeffector synapse.

Accepted Answer

A) true only for the sympathetic division 
B) true only for the parasympathetic division 
C) true for both divisions 
A) true only for the sympathetic division 
B) true only for the parasympathetic division 
C) true for both divisions

Question 2

Match the answers to the questions.
-It contains cholinergic neurons.

Accepted Answer

A) true only for the sympathetic division 
B) true only for the parasympathetic division 
C) true for both divisions 
A) true only for the sympathetic division 
B) true only for the parasympathetic division 
C) true for both divisions

Question 3

The ________ is the major source of parasympathetic output.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ________ is the major source of...

Question 4

Match the answers to the questions.
-The neural pathway from the spinal cord to the target tissue has two neurons,the preganglionic neuron and the postganglionic neuron.

Accepted Answer

A) true only for the sympathetic division 
B) true only for the parasympathetic division 
C) true for both divisions 
A) true only for the sympathetic division 
B) true only for the parasympathetic division 
C) true for both divisions

Question 5

Sweat glands contain

Accepted Answer

A)  cholinergic receptors. 
B)  alpha receptors. 
C)  beta receptors. 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
E)  None of the answers are correct. 
A)  cholinergic receptors. 
B)  alpha receptors. 
C)  beta receptors. 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
E)  None of the answers are correct.

Question 6

The two types of cholinergic receptors are ________ and ________.

Accepted Answer

nicotinic,

Question 7

Learning Outcome: 11.3
Skill: Level II: Reviewing Concepts (Bloom's Taxonomy: Analysis)
-Describe the major anatomical differences between the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches.

Accepted Answer

Sympathetic pathways exit the spinal cor

Question 8

Match the response with the type of chemical.
-salivation

Accepted Answer

A) sympathetic agonist 
B) parasympathetic agonist 
A) sympathetic agonist 
B) parasympathetic agonist

Question 9

Match the following with its description.
-sympathetic tissue receptor

Accepted Answer

A) acetylcholine 
B) norepinephrine 
C) cholinergic nicotinic receptor 
D) adrenergic receptor 
E) cholinergic muscarinic receptor 
A) acetylcholine 
B) norepinephrine 
C) cholinergic nicotinic receptor 
D) adrenergic receptor 
E) cholinergic muscarinic receptor

Question 10

What steps are necessary to terminate neurotransmitter action? What would happen if these steps failed?

Accepted Answer

Neurotransmitter molecules are either en

Question 11

The presence of two peripheral efferent neurons in a pathway is typical of the ________ division.

Accepted Answer

A)  somatic 
B)  sensory 
C)  autonomic 
D)  somatic and sensory 
E)  somatic and autonomic 
A)  somatic 
B)  sensory 
C)  autonomic 
D)  somatic and sensory 
E)  somatic and autonomic

Question 12

Which tissues contain both cholinergic and adrenergic receptors,and how does this relate to their autonomic control?

Accepted Answer

For most target organs listed,

Question 13

At the molecular level,what are the effects of nicotine on the nervous system? How are these effects exerted? How are these effects similar to or different from those of curare? How do these effects explain some of the physiological consequences of smoking?

Accepted Answer

Nicotine binds to a type of acetylcholin

Question 14

Epinephrine and norepinephrine that are released from the adrenal glands affect target tissue for a longer period of time than the same substances released from neurons at their peripheral receptors.Why?

Accepted Answer

A)  The adrenal gland releases larger amounts of the neurotransmitters than the neurons. 
B)  The hormones released from the adrenal glands bind to different receptors than those released from neurons. 
C)  There are no enzymes to break down epinephrine and norepinephrine in the blood and very little in peripheral tissues. 
D)  The effectors are less sensitive to epinephrine and norepinephrine released by the adrenal glands. 
E)  The epinephrine and norepinephrine from the adrenal glands are released by sympathetic neurons, whereas parasympathetic neurons release these substances at the effector organs. 
A)  The adrenal gland releases larger amounts of the neurotransmitters than the neurons. 
B)  The hormones released from the adrenal glands bind to different receptors than those released from neurons. 
C)  There are no enzymes to break down epinephrine and norepinephrine in the blood and very little in peripheral tissues. 
D)  The effectors are less sensitive to epinephrine and norepinephrine released by the adrenal glands. 
E)  The epinephrine and norepinephrine from the adrenal glands are released by sympathetic neurons, whereas parasympathetic neurons release these substances at the effector organs.

Question 15

Describe the different types of adrenergic receptors in the autonomic nervous system.Which neurotransmitter binds to each type? For those that bind more than one neurotransmitter,how does the response to the neurotransmitters compare?

Accepted Answer

Alpha 1,alpha 2,beta 1,beta 2,and beta 3

Exam 11: Efferent Division: Autonomic and Somatic Motor Control

Match the answers to the questions. -The neurotransmitter acetylcholine is released by neurons at the neuroeffector synapse.

Match the answers to the questions. -It contains cholinergic neurons.

The ________ is the major source of parasympathetic output.

Match the answers to the questions. -The neural pathway from the spinal cord to the target tissue has two neurons,the preganglionic neuron and the postganglionic neuron.

Sweat glands contain

The two types of cholinergic receptors are ________ and ________.

Learning Outcome: 11.3 Skill: Level II: Reviewing Concepts (Bloom's Taxonomy: Analysis) -Describe the major anatomical differences between the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches.

Match the response with the type of chemical. -salivation

Match the following with its description. -sympathetic tissue receptor

What steps are necessary to terminate neurotransmitter action? What would happen if these steps failed?

The presence of two peripheral efferent neurons in a pathway is typical of the ________ division.

Which tissues contain both cholinergic and adrenergic receptors,and how does this relate to their autonomic control?

At the molecular level,what are the effects of nicotine on the nervous system? How are these effects exerted? How are these effects similar to or different from those of curare? How do these effects explain some of the physiological consequences of smoking?

Epinephrine and norepinephrine that are released from the adrenal glands affect target tissue for a longer period of time than the same substances released from neurons at their peripheral receptors.Why?

Describe the different types of adrenergic receptors in the autonomic nervous system.Which neurotransmitter binds to each type? For those that bind more than one neurotransmitter,how does the response to the neurotransmitters compare?

Introduction to Physiology

Molecular Interactions

Compartmentation: Cells and Tissues

Energy and Cellular Metabolism

Membrane Dynamics

Communication, Integration, and Homeostasis

Introduction to the Endocrine System

Neurons: Cellular and Network Properties

The Central Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Muscles

Integrative Physiology I: Control of Body Movement

Cardiovascular Physiology

Blood Flow and the Control of Blood Pressure

Blood

Mechanics of Breathing

Gas Exchange and Transport

The Kidneys

Integrative Physiology II: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energy Balance

Endocrine Control of Growth and Metabolism

The Immune System

Integrative Physiology III: Exercise

Reproduction and Development

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The two types of cholinergic receptors are and .