Exam 11: Efferent Division: Autonomic and Somatic Motor Control

Nicotine enhances the release of ________ in the brain.

If humans administered a physiological dose of ufo-epi responded to the chemical,which of the following would indicate ufo-epi is an epinephrine agonist?

Increased parasympathetic stimulation

Explain the use of the terms fight and flight in describing sympathetic motor responses.How does sympathetic activity explain your increased "jumpiness" when you are home alone at night,watching a horror movie on TV?

Though you are an attentive parent,you lost track of your inquisitive toddler for a few minutes,just long enough for him to wander into the garage and open a package of insecticide that you use to control insects in your garden.You have no idea if any of the poison has been ingested,inhaled,or absorbed through his skin.You take the package away from your child and read under the "caution" section that it is an anticholinesterase.Given that this poison was made for insects,not humans,should you be worried? Explain your answer.What would happen to the child if he has indeed been affected? Explain which type of synapses could be affected.Propose an antidote (it's OK if you don't remember a specific compound,just describe what type of effect may reverse the effects of the insecticide).

Anne Frank wrote a diary about the years she and a few others spent in hiding from the Nazis during World War II.These people lived in the upstairs rooms of a shop,accessible only by a hidden stairway; Anne called these quarters the Secret Annex.One day Nazis raided the shop below,but were unsuccessful in locating the hideaways or finding proof of their presence during this particular raid.Clearly hearing what was occurring downstairs,Anne and her cohorts cowered in silence,for they feared being transported to "death camps." Later,Anne wrote that most of the residents of the Secret Annex experienced diarrhea shortly after this close call.Explain this response by their digestive systems.

________ postganglionic sympathetic neurons secrete ________ onto their target cells.

The motor end plate is

Match the response with the type of chemical. -fat breakdown

The adrenal medulla is important to the sympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system because

Which statements apply to the parasympathetic division of the nervous system?

Match the following with its description. -target receptor for preganglionic neurons

Cholinergic nicotinic receptors are found in the ________ of the ANS.

Explain what is meant by antagonistic control.

To perform surgery with a minimum of pain for the patient and hassle for the surgeon,a patient may be administered a general anesthetic to prevent sensation and consciousness,as well as a paralytic to prevent reflexive muscle spasms.From what you have learned of motor control,suggest mechanisms by which a paralytic can prevent muscle contraction.With paralytics,what extra measure must be taken to keep the patient alive? Name such a paralytic agent.

Match the answers to the questions. -The adrenal medulla is closely allied with this system.

Describe the general rules for the identity of neurotransmitters secreted by pre- and postganglionic neurons in the autonomic division.Be sure to specify the types of receptors,where relevant,and describe the exceptions.

The drug Chantix^®,which treats nicotine addiction,is an ________ for the nicotine receptor.

Match the response with the type of chemical. -blocks secretion of adrenal catecholamines

"Dual innervation" refers to an organ receiving