Exam 7: Introduction to the Endocrine System

The inner portion of the adrenal gland is called the ________.

The majority of hormones in the body are

The study of hormones is known as the field of ________.

Suzie wants to protect virgin forests from destruction.She climbs a tree to prevent loggers from cutting the oldest tree in the forest.Suzie did not eat for twelve hours until a friend,Jammie,took over the vigilance.Match the correct levels of blood glucose concentration,blood insulin concentration and relative membrane insulin receptor concentration for a skeletal muscle cell 20 hours into Jammie's fast and one hour after Suzie had eaten a peanut butter and banana sandwich and a bowl of sweet potato soup. Plasma Glucose: 90 mg/dl; 125 mg/dl Plasma Insulin: 10iuU/ml (70 pmol/L); 40iuU/ml (280 pmol/L) Relative membrane insulin receptor concentration: increasing (high); decreasing (low)

Typically,when steroid hormones bind to their receptors,

The pituitary hormone that controls hormone synthesis and release from the thyroid gland is

There are two forms of diabetes: diabetes mellitus (lack of insulin regulation of cellular uptake of glucose)and diabetes insipidus (lack of regulation of water loss in the urine by the hormone antidiuretic hormone or ADH).In each case,there are two similar explanations for the resulting pathology.What are they? (Hint: Consider general principles of hormone action.)

A circulatory route that has two sets of capillaries is known as a ________.

The most complex endocrine responses involve the

Hormones acting through signal transduction pathways elicit a ________ response compared to hormones that produce genomic effects.

The anterior pituitary gland is also known as the ________.

Explain the differences among the terms paracrine,autocrine,hormone,and cytokine.

Match each term with the appropriate description. -cannot be stored in secretory vesicles

Each of the following hormones is an amino acid derivative except one.Identify the exception.

Dexamethasone is a drug used to suppress the secretion of ACTH from the anterior pituitary gland.Two patients with hypersecretion of cortisol are given dexamethasone.Anika's cortisol secretion level falls to normal after the medication,but Bonnie's cortisol secretion remains elevated.Which patient has primary hypercortisolism,also known as Cushing's syndrome? Explain your reasoning.

Chemical signals released into the blood by neurons are called ________.

Your roommate Sally has just found out her mother has high cholesterol.Knowing that health problems often run in families,Sally has decided to eliminate cholesterol from her diet.Her goal is to have no cholesterol in her body.She has asked you for advice on achieving this goal.Is her goal realistic? Explain.What information should you give her to help her establish a more realistic goal? Assuming she could banish cholesterol from her body,what would be the endocrine consequences?

The term for two hormones that have additive effects is ________.

Match each hormone with its primary source. -adrenal cortex

When an organ or gland shrinks due to lack of use,that condition is referred to as ________.