Exam 41: Nutrition and Metabolism

Most vegetables are an excellent source of essential amino acids.

Of the 20 amino acids used by the body, the body can synthesize 18.

Name and describe the three types of lipoproteins found in the blood. What is the effect of different types of lipoproteins on health?

The end product of glycolysis, pyruvate, is the starting substance for the citric acid cycle.

Which of the following is not considered a macronutrient?

What is glycogenesis? What cells in the body are able to store large amounts of glycogen?

Which of the following stimulates protein synthesis?

Diets high in saturated fats and cholesterol tend to increase the blood ____ concentration.

Foods coming from plants do not contain cholesterol.

At the end of the cytochrome electron transport process, oxygen accepts two electrons and combines with two hydrogen ions.

Lipoproteins are produced primarily in the liver.

Both fatty acids and glycerol enter at the Krebs cycle to be catabolized.

Explain the difference between a macronutrient and a micronutrient. Give several examples of each.

The group of hormones called incretins act to increase the amount of insulin produced by the pancreas, which would raise the blood level of glucose.

Glucagon accelerates glycogenolysis in liver cells.

What process has pyruvic acid and two gained ATPs as end products?

Carbohydrates and fats have a lower thermic effect than do proteins.

Monosaccharides do not need to be digested but can be absorbed directly into the internal environment.

You would expect to find very little fructose in the general circulation even after a meal that included fruit.

A saturated fat is saturated with hydrogen atoms.