Question 1

A patient has been admitted with tumor lysis syndrome (TLS).Which laboratory findings would the nurse expect to note to support this diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased calcium 
B)  Decreased potassium 
C)  Dysrhythmias 
D)  Elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) 
E)  Elevated creatine 
A)  Increased calcium 
B)  Decreased potassium 
C)  Dysrhythmias 
D)  Elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) 
E)  Elevated creatine

Question 2

Which pathophysiologic event contributes to renal failure associated with tumor lysis syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hypocalcemia 
B)  Elevated white blood cell count 
C)  Metabolic acidosis 
D)  Crystallization of uric acid in the renal tubules 
A)  Hypocalcemia 
B)  Elevated white blood cell count 
C)  Metabolic acidosis 
D)  Crystallization of uric acid in the renal tubules

Question 3

What is the primary mechanism in the development of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Destruction of platelets by lymphocytic antibodies 
B)  Destruction of malignant cells through radiation or chemotherapy 
C)  Formation of heparin antibodies 
D)  Damage to the endothelium 
A)  Destruction of platelets by lymphocytic antibodies 
B)  Destruction of malignant cells through radiation or chemotherapy 
C)  Formation of heparin antibodies 
D)  Damage to the endothelium

Question 4

A patient has been admitted with sickle cell anemia and is requiring a blood transfusion.The nurse understands that transfusions should be used with caution in this patient because of what complication?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fluid overload 
B)  Iron overload 
C)  Vasoocclusive crisis 
D)  Stroke 
A)  Fluid overload 
B)  Iron overload 
C)  Vasoocclusive crisis 
D)  Stroke

Question 5

Hospital-acquired anemia is an increasing problem in critically ill patients.Which nursing interventions can be most beneficial in preventing this problem?

Accepted Answer

A)  Administering fluids and inotropic agents to optimize blood pressure 
B)  Using blood salvage devices 
C)  Obtaining smaller blood samples through the use of pediatric blood tubes and point-of-care testing 
D)  Decreasing afterload through the use of vasodilators 
A)  Administering fluids and inotropic agents to optimize blood pressure 
B)  Using blood salvage devices 
C)  Obtaining smaller blood samples through the use of pediatric blood tubes and point-of-care testing 
D)  Decreasing afterload through the use of vasodilators

Exam 37: Hematologic and Oncologic Emergencies

A patient has been admitted with tumor lysis syndrome (TLS).Which laboratory findings would the nurse expect to note to support this diagnosis?

Which pathophysiologic event contributes to renal failure associated with tumor lysis syndrome?

What is the primary mechanism in the development of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)?

A patient has been admitted with sickle cell anemia and is requiring a blood transfusion.The nurse understands that transfusions should be used with caution in this patient because of what complication?

Hospital-acquired anemia is an increasing problem in critically ill patients.Which nursing interventions can be most beneficial in preventing this problem?

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