Question 1

What psychologic factors contribute to long-term mechanical ventilation dependence?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fear 
B)  Delirium 
C)  Lack of confidence 
D)  Depression 
E)  Trust in the stuff 
A)  Fear 
B)  Delirium 
C)  Lack of confidence 
D)  Depression 
E)  Trust in the stuff A,B,C,D

Question 2

Patients with left-sided pneumonia may benefit from placing them in which position?

Accepted Answer

A)  Reverse Trendelenburg 
B)  Supine 
C)  On the left side 
D)  On the right side 
A)  Reverse Trendelenburg 
B)  Supine 
C)  On the left side 
D)  On the right side D

Question 3

Depending on the patient's risk for the recurrence of pulmonary embolism (PE),how long may a patient remain on warfarin once they are discharged from the hospital?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 to 3 months 
B)  3 to 6 months 
C)  3 to 12 months 
D)  12 to 36 months 
A)  1 to 3 months 
B)  3 to 6 months 
C)  3 to 12 months 
D)  12 to 36 months C

Question 4

A trauma victim has sustained right rib fractures and pulmonary contusions.Auscultation reveals decreased breath sounds on the right side.Bulging intercostal muscles are noted on the right side.Heart rate (HR)is 130 beats/min,respiratory rate (RR)is 32 breaths/min,and breathing is labored.In addition to oxygen administration,what procedure should the nurse anticipate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Thoracentesis 
B)  Chest tube insertion 
C)  Pericardiocentesis 
D)  Emergent intubation 
A)  Thoracentesis 
B)  Chest tube insertion 
C)  Pericardiocentesis 
D)  Emergent intubation

Question 5

Which cause of hypoxemia is the result of blood passing through unventilated portions of the lungs?

Accepted Answer

A)  Alveolar hypoventilation 
B)  Dead space ventilation 
C)  Intrapulmonary shunting 
D)  Physiologic shunting 
A)  Alveolar hypoventilation 
B)  Dead space ventilation 
C)  Intrapulmonary shunting 
D)  Physiologic shunting

Question 6

Nursing management of the patient with acute lung failure includes which interventions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Positioning the patient with the least affected side up 
B)  Providing adequate rest between treatments 
C)  Performing percussion and postural drainage every 4 hours 
D)  Controlling fever 
E)  Pharmaceutical medications to control anxiety 
A)  Positioning the patient with the least affected side up 
B)  Providing adequate rest between treatments 
C)  Performing percussion and postural drainage every 4 hours 
D)  Controlling fever 
E)  Pharmaceutical medications to control anxiety

Question 7

A patient was admitted with acute lung failure secondary to pneumonia.What is the single most important measure to prevent the spread of infection between staff and patients?

Accepted Answer

A)  Place the patient in respiratory isolation. 
B)  Ensure everyone is using proper hand hygiene. 
C)  Use personal protective equipment. 
D)  Initiate prompt administration of antibiotics. 
A)  Place the patient in respiratory isolation. 
B)  Ensure everyone is using proper hand hygiene. 
C)  Use personal protective equipment. 
D)  Initiate prompt administration of antibiotics.

Question 8

What two pathogens are most frequently associated with ventilator-associated pneumonia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 
B)  Escherichia coli and Haemophilus influenzae 
C)  Acinetobacter baumannii and Haemophilus influenzae 
D)  Klebsiella spp. and Enterobacter spp. 
A)  Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 
B)  Escherichia coli and Haemophilus influenzae 
C)  Acinetobacter baumannii and Haemophilus influenzae 
D)  Klebsiella spp. and Enterobacter spp.

Question 9

Which finding confirms the diagnosis of a pulmonary embolism (PE)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Low-probability ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan 
B)  Negative pulmonary angiogram 
C)  High-probability V/Q scan 
D)  Absence of vascular markings on the chest radiograph 
A)  Low-probability ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan 
B)  Negative pulmonary angiogram 
C)  High-probability V/Q scan 
D)  Absence of vascular markings on the chest radiograph

Question 10

Which therapeutic measure would be the most effective in treating hypoxemia in the presence of intrapulmonary shunting associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sedating the patient to blunt noxious stimuli 
B)  Increasing the FiO₂ on the ventilator 
C)  Administering positive-end expiratory pressure (PEEP) 
D)  Restricting fluids to 500 mL per shift 
A)  Sedating the patient to blunt noxious stimuli 
B)  Increasing the FiO₂ on the ventilator 
C)  Administering positive-end expiratory pressure (PEEP) 
D)  Restricting fluids to 500 mL per shift

Question 11

Which diagnostic criteria is indicative of mild adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Radiologic evidence of bibasilar atelectasis 
B)  PaO₂/FiO₂ ratio less than or equal to 200 mm Hg 
C)  Pulmonary artery wedge pressure greater than 18 mm Hg 
D)  Increase in static and dynamic compliance 
A)  Radiologic evidence of bibasilar atelectasis 
B)  PaO₂/FiO₂ ratio less than or equal to 200 mm Hg 
C)  Pulmonary artery wedge pressure greater than 18 mm Hg 
D)  Increase in static and dynamic compliance

Question 12

A patient was admitted in acute lung failure.The patient is receiving 40% oxygen via a simple facemask.The morning chest radiography study reveals right lower lobe pneumonia.Which test would the nurse expect the practitioner to order to identify the infectious pathogen?

Accepted Answer

A)  CBC with differential 
B)  Wound culture of surgical site 
C)  Sputum Gram stain and culture 
D)  Urine specimen 
A)  CBC with differential 
B)  Wound culture of surgical site 
C)  Sputum Gram stain and culture 
D)  Urine specimen

Question 13

What nursing intervention can facilitate the prevention of aspiration?

Accepted Answer

A)  Observing the amount given in the tube feeding 
B)  Assessing the patient's level of consciousness 
C)  Encouraging the patient to cough and to breathe deeply 
D)  Positioning a patient in a semirecumbent position 
A)  Observing the amount given in the tube feeding 
B)  Assessing the patient's level of consciousness 
C)  Encouraging the patient to cough and to breathe deeply 
D)  Positioning a patient in a semirecumbent position

Question 14

A patient has been admitted with the diagnosis of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).Arterial blood gasses (ABGs)revealed an elevated pH and decreased PaCO₂.The patient is becoming fatigued,and the practitioner orders a repeat ABG.Which set of results would be indicative of the patient's current condition?

Accepted Answer

A)  Elevated pH and decreased PaCO₂ 
B)  Elevated pH and elevated PaCO₂ 
C)  Decreased pH and decreased PaCO₂ 
D)  Decreased pH and elevated PaCO₂ 
A)  Elevated pH and decreased PaCO₂ 
B)  Elevated pH and elevated PaCO₂ 
C)  Decreased pH and decreased PaCO₂ 
D)  Decreased pH and elevated PaCO₂

Question 15

What is the medical treatment for a pneumothorax greater than 15%?

Accepted Answer

A)  Systemic antibiotics to treat the inflammatory response 
B)  An occlusive dressing to equalize lung pressures 
C)  Interventions to evacuate the air from the pleural space 
D)  Mechanical ventilation to assist with re-expansion of the collapsed lung 
A)  Systemic antibiotics to treat the inflammatory response 
B)  An occlusive dressing to equalize lung pressures 
C)  Interventions to evacuate the air from the pleural space 
D)  Mechanical ventilation to assist with re-expansion of the collapsed lung

Question 16

A patient was admitted after a left pneumonectomy.The patient is receiving 40% oxygen via a simple facemask.The morning chest radiography study reveals right lower lobe pneumonia.After eating breakfast,the patient suddenly vomits and aspirates.What action should the nurse take next?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lavage the airway with normal saline. 
B)  Place the patient supine in a semi-Fowler position. 
C)  Manually ventilate the patient. 
D)  Suction the airway. 
A)  Lavage the airway with normal saline. 
B)  Place the patient supine in a semi-Fowler position. 
C)  Manually ventilate the patient. 
D)  Suction the airway.

Question 17

Supplemental oxygen administration is usually effective in treating hypoxemia related which situation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Physiologic shunting 
B)  Dead space ventilation 
C)  Alveolar hyperventilation 
D)  Ventilation-perfusion mismatching 
A)  Physiologic shunting 
B)  Dead space ventilation 
C)  Alveolar hyperventilation 
D)  Ventilation-perfusion mismatching

Question 18

What condition develops when air enters the pleural space from the lung on inhalation and cannot exit on exhalation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tension pneumothorax 
B)  Sucking chest wound 
C)  Open pneumothorax 
D)  Pulmonary interstitial empyema 
A)  Tension pneumothorax 
B)  Sucking chest wound 
C)  Open pneumothorax 
D)  Pulmonary interstitial empyema

Question 19

Which nursing intervention should be used to optimize oxygenation and ventilation in the patient with acute lung failure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Provide adequate rest and recovery time between procedures. 
B)  Position the patient with the good lung up. 
C)  Suction the patient every hour. 
D)  Avoid hyperventilating the patient. 
A)  Provide adequate rest and recovery time between procedures. 
B)  Position the patient with the good lung up. 
C)  Suction the patient every hour. 
D)  Avoid hyperventilating the patient.

Question 20

What are the most common presenting signs and symptoms associated with a pulmonary embolism (PE)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tachycardia and tachypnea 
B)  Hemoptysis and evidence of deep vein thromboses 
C)  Apprehension and dyspnea 
D)  Right ventricular failure and fever 
A)  Tachycardia and tachypnea 
B)  Hemoptysis and evidence of deep vein thromboses 
C)  Apprehension and dyspnea 
D)  Right ventricular failure and fever

Exam 19: Pulmonary Disorders

What psychologic factors contribute to long-term mechanical ventilation dependence?

Patients with left-sided pneumonia may benefit from placing them in which position?

Depending on the patient's risk for the recurrence of pulmonary embolism (PE),how long may a patient remain on warfarin once they are discharged from the hospital?

Which cause of hypoxemia is the result of blood passing through unventilated portions of the lungs?

Nursing management of the patient with acute lung failure includes which interventions?

A patient was admitted with acute lung failure secondary to pneumonia.What is the single most important measure to prevent the spread of infection between staff and patients?

What two pathogens are most frequently associated with ventilator-associated pneumonia?

Which finding confirms the diagnosis of a pulmonary embolism (PE)?

Which therapeutic measure would be the most effective in treating hypoxemia in the presence of intrapulmonary shunting associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)?

Which diagnostic criteria is indicative of mild adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)?

A patient was admitted in acute lung failure.The patient is receiving 40% oxygen via a simple facemask.The morning chest radiography study reveals right lower lobe pneumonia.Which test would the nurse expect the practitioner to order to identify the infectious pathogen?

What nursing intervention can facilitate the prevention of aspiration?

What is the medical treatment for a pneumothorax greater than 15%?

A patient was admitted after a left pneumonectomy.The patient is receiving 40% oxygen via a simple facemask.The morning chest radiography study reveals right lower lobe pneumonia.After eating breakfast,the patient suddenly vomits and aspirates.What action should the nurse take next?

Supplemental oxygen administration is usually effective in treating hypoxemia related which situation?

What condition develops when air enters the pleural space from the lung on inhalation and cannot exit on exhalation?

Which nursing intervention should be used to optimize oxygenation and ventilation in the patient with acute lung failure?

What are the most common presenting signs and symptoms associated with a pulmonary embolism (PE)?

Critical Care Nursing Practice

Ethical Issues

Legal Issues

Genetic Issues

Patient and Family Education

Psychosocial and Spiritual Alterations and Management

Nutrition Alterations and Management

Pain and Pain Management

Sedation,Agitation,and Delirium Management

End-Of-Life Care

Cardiovascular Anatomy and Physiology

Cardiovascular Clinical Assessment

Cardiovascular Diagnostic Procedures

Cardiovascular Disorders

Cardiovascular Therapeutic Management

Pulmonary Anatomy and Physiology

Pulmonary Clinical Assessment

Pulmonary Diagnostic Procedures

Pulmonary Therapeutic Management

Neurologic Anatomy and Physiology

Neurologic Clinical Assessment and Diagnostic Procedures

Neurologic Disorders and Therapeutic Management

Kidney Anatomy and Physiology

Kidney Clinical Assessment and Diagnostic Procedures

Kidney Disorders and Therapeutic Management

Gastrointestinal Anatomy and Physiology

Gastrointestinal Clinical Assessment and Diagnostic Procedures

Gastrointestinal Disorders and Therapeutic Management

Endocrine Anatomy and Physiology

Endocrine Clinical Assessment and Diagnostic Procedures

Endocrine Disorders and Therapeutic Management

Trauma

Shock,sepsis,and Multiple-Organ Dysfunction Syndrome

Burns

Organ Donation and Transplantation

Hematologic and Oncologic Emergencies

The Obstetric Patient

The Pediatric Patient

The Older Adult Patient

The Perianesthesia Patient

Filters