Exam 37: Hematologic and Oncologic Emergencies

Sickle cell anemia is the most prevalent in persons of which descent?

The nurse is developing a patient education plan for a patient with sickle cell anemia.Hydroxyurea is the medication used in the treatment of the disorder.The nurse would inform the patient that the hydroxyurea may be increased by what dosage until the maximum of 35 mg/kg is reached?

The nurse is caring for a critically ill patient who is receiving heparin and understands that the patient is at risk for developing heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT).Which intervention would be included into the patient's plan of care to monitor for this potential complication?

The nurse is caring for a critically ill patient who is receiving heparin and understands that the patient is at risk for developing heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT).Which previous medical conditions places this patient at risk for developing HIT?

The nurse is caring for a patient with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP).The nursing management plan for this patient would include which intervention?

Which of the following does NOT play a role in thrombin inhibition?

The nurse is caring for a patient with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP).Which platelet count would the nurse expect to note to confirm this diagnosis?

A patient has been admitted with immune thrombocytopenia purpura (ITP).Which sign and symptoms would the nurse expect to note to support this diagnosis?

Place these pathophysiologic mechanisms of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)in the order in which they occur. 1)Activation of the fibrinolytic system 2)Breakdown of thrombi; spontaneous hemorrhage 3)Consumption of coagulation factors; failure of regulatory mechanisms 4)Endothelial damage; release of tissue factor 5)Thrombin formation; clots form along epithelial walls

The nurse is caring for a patient with type 2 heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT).The nurse understands that this disorder has which characteristic?

The nurse is caring for a patient with type 2 heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT).The nurse knows that pulmonary embolism is a serious complication of HIT.Which findings would alert the nurse to the presence of this complication?

The nurse is caring for a patient with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT).The nurse knows the patient is at high risk for bleeding and injury.Which interventions would be included in the plan of care?

How is the intrinsic coagulation pathway activated?

A patient is admitted with symptoms of a low-grade fever,joint pain,tachycardia,hepatomegaly,photophobia,and an inability to follow commands.The patient is becoming more agitated and complaining of pain.The nurse suspects that the patient has which disorder?

A patient has been admitted with tumor lysis syndrome (TLS).Which intervention would be incorporated into the plan of care to prevent the metabolic imbalances associated with this disorder?

A patient with a history of alcoholism is admitted with esophageal bleeding.Which finding would be an indication for the administration of blood in this patient?

What is the primary mechanism in the development of tumor lysis syndrome?

A patient was admitted with gram-negative sepsis a few days ago.Today the nurse notes continual oozing from intravenous sites and ecchymosis beneath the blood pressure cuff.The patient's platelet count is normal,and international normalized ratio (INR)is elevated.What other laboratory value would be valuable in definitively diagnosing the patient's condition?

A patient was admitted with gram-negative sepsis a few days ago.Today the nurse notes continual oozing from intravenous sites and ecchymosis beneath the blood pressure cuff.The patient's platelet count is normal,and international normalized ratio (INR)is elevated.The nurse places highest priority on which treatment goal?

What is the most common cause of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)?