Question 1

Which statement about coronary artery disease (CAD)is accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is a low correlation between modifiable risk factors and CAD. 
B)  The onset of CAD occurs in middle age women sooner than men of the same age. 
C)  There is an association between development of specific risk factors and CAD. 
D)  The lower the C-reactive protein level the higher the risk for a coronary event. 
A)  There is a low correlation between modifiable risk factors and CAD. 
B)  The onset of CAD occurs in middle age women sooner than men of the same age. 
C)  There is an association between development of specific risk factors and CAD. 
D)  The lower the C-reactive protein level the higher the risk for a coronary event. C

Question 2

A patient is admitted with an acute inferior myocardial infarction (MI).A 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG)is done to validate the area of infarction.Which leads on the ECG would correlate with an inferior wall MI?

Accepted Answer

A)  II, III, aVF 
B)  V5 to V6, I, aVL 
C)  V2 to V4 
D)  V1 to V2 
A)  II, III, aVF 
B)  V5 to V6, I, aVL 
C)  V2 to V4 
D)  V1 to V2 A

Question 3

Which intervention is an essential aspect of the patient teaching plan for the patient with chronic heart failure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Instructing the patient to call the practitioner prior to dental surgery 
B)  Stressing the importance of compliance with diuretic therapy 
C)  Instructing the patient to take nitroglycerin if chest pain occurs 
D)  Teaching the patient how to take an apical pulse 
A)  Instructing the patient to call the practitioner prior to dental surgery 
B)  Stressing the importance of compliance with diuretic therapy 
C)  Instructing the patient to take nitroglycerin if chest pain occurs 
D)  Teaching the patient how to take an apical pulse B

Question 4

What dysrhythmia is most frequently associated with sudden cardiac death?

Accepted Answer

A)  Premature ventricular contractions 
B)  Ventricular tachycardia 
C)  Third degree heart block 
D)  Asystole 
A)  Premature ventricular contractions 
B)  Ventricular tachycardia 
C)  Third degree heart block 
D)  Asystole

Question 5

In the acute phase after ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI),fibrinolytic therapy is used in combination with heparin to recanalize the coronary artery.What dosage is the initial heparin bolus?

Accepted Answer

A)  60 units/kg maximum 5000 units 
B)  30 units/kg maximum 3000 units 
C)  25 units/kg maximum of 2500 units 
D)  12 units/kg maximum of 1000 units 
A)  60 units/kg maximum 5000 units 
B)  30 units/kg maximum 3000 units 
C)  25 units/kg maximum of 2500 units 
D)  12 units/kg maximum of 1000 units

Question 6

A patient is admitted with an acute myocardial infarction (MI).What common complication should the nurse anticipate in this patient?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pulmonary edema 
B)  Cardiogenic shock 
C)  Dysrhythmias 
D)  Deep vein thrombosis 
A)  Pulmonary edema 
B)  Cardiogenic shock 
C)  Dysrhythmias 
D)  Deep vein thrombosis

Question 7

Patient is admitted with heart failure.The patient has developed dyspnea with wheezing,a nonproductive cough,and pulmonary crackles that progress to the gurgling sounds of pulmonary edema.The nurse suspects the patient may be developing with problem?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dyspnea 
B)  Orthopnea 
C)  Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea 
D)  Cardiac asthma 
A)  Dyspnea 
B)  Orthopnea 
C)  Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea 
D)  Cardiac asthma

Question 8

At what size is an aortic aneurysm evaluated for surgical repair or stent placement?

Accepted Answer

A)  2 cm 
B)  4 cm 
C)  5 cm 
D)  >5 cm 
A)  2 cm 
B)  4 cm 
C)  5 cm 
D)  >5 cm

Question 9

Which laboratory value indicates a heightened risk for the development of coronary artery disease (CAD)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Total cholesterol level of 170 mg/dL 
B)  HDL cholesterol level of 30 mg/dL 
C)  Triglyceride level of 120 mg/dL 
D)  LDL cholesterol level >190 mg/dL 
A)  Total cholesterol level of 170 mg/dL 
B)  HDL cholesterol level of 30 mg/dL 
C)  Triglyceride level of 120 mg/dL 
D)  LDL cholesterol level >190 mg/dL

Question 10

A patient with coronary artery disease (CAD)is admitted with chest pain.The patient is suddenly awakened with severe chest pain.Three nitroglycerin sublingual tablets are administered 5 minutes apart without relief.A 12-lead electrocardiograph (ECG)reveals nonspecific ST segment elevation.The nurse suspects the patient may have which disorder?

Accepted Answer

A)  Silent ischemia 
B)  Stable angina 
C)  Unstable angina 
D)  Prinzmetal angina 
A)  Silent ischemia 
B)  Stable angina 
C)  Unstable angina 
D)  Prinzmetal angina

Question 11

Which mechanisms responsible for a myocardial infarction (MI)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Coronary artery thrombosis 
B)  Plaque rupture 
C)  Coronary artery spasm near the ruptured plaque 
D)  Preinfarction angina 
E)  Hyperlipidemia 
A)  Coronary artery thrombosis 
B)  Plaque rupture 
C)  Coronary artery spasm near the ruptured plaque 
D)  Preinfarction angina 
E)  Hyperlipidemia

Question 12

Which value,when elevated,places the patient at lowest risk for coronary artery disease (CAD)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDLs) 
B)  Triglycerides 
C)  Low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) 
D)  High-density lipoproteins (HDLs) 
A)  Very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDLs) 
B)  Triglycerides 
C)  Low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) 
D)  High-density lipoproteins (HDLs)

Question 13

A patient is admitted with a fever of unknown origin.The patient is complaining of fatigue,malaise,joint pain,and shivering.The patient's vital signs include temperature,103° F; heart rate,90 beats/min; respiratory rate,22 breaths/min; blood pressure,132/78; and oxygen saturation,94% on 2L nasal cannula.The patient has developed a cardiac murmur.The nurse suspects that the patient has developed which problem?

Accepted Answer

A)  Coronary artery disease 
B)  Heart failure 
C)  Endocarditis 
D)  Pulmonary embolus 
A)  Coronary artery disease 
B)  Heart failure 
C)  Endocarditis 
D)  Pulmonary embolus

Question 14

A patient was admitted 3 days ago with an acute myocardial infarction (MI).The patient complains of fatigue,not sleeping the past two nights,and change in appetite.Based on these findings the nurse suspects the patient may be experiencing which problem?

Accepted Answer

A)  Angina 
B)  Anxiety 
C)  Depression 
D)  Endocarditis 
A)  Angina 
B)  Anxiety 
C)  Depression 
D)  Endocarditis

Question 15

What are the clinical manifestations of right-sided heart failure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Elevated central venous pressure and sacral edema 
B)  Pulmonary congestion and jugular venous distention 
C)  Hypertension and chest pain 
D)  Liver tenderness and pulmonary edema 
A)  Elevated central venous pressure and sacral edema 
B)  Pulmonary congestion and jugular venous distention 
C)  Hypertension and chest pain 
D)  Liver tenderness and pulmonary edema

Question 16

A patient is admitted for palliative care for end-stage heart failure.What is the nurse's primary goal when caring for this patient?

Accepted Answer

A)  To reverse heart failure with the use of diuretics 
B)  To increase activity tolerance 
C)  To manage symptoms and relieve pain 
D)  To increase cardiac output related to alteration of contractility 
A)  To reverse heart failure with the use of diuretics 
B)  To increase activity tolerance 
C)  To manage symptoms and relieve pain 
D)  To increase cardiac output related to alteration of contractility

Question 17

Which physiologic effects can be associated with physical exercise?

Accepted Answer

A)  Decreased LDL cholesterol 
B)  Increased HDL cholesterol 
C)  Decreased triglycerides 
D)  Increased insulin resistance 
E)  Decreased incidence of depression 
A)  Decreased LDL cholesterol 
B)  Increased HDL cholesterol 
C)  Decreased triglycerides 
D)  Increased insulin resistance 
E)  Decreased incidence of depression

Question 18

The nursing management plan for a patient with angina would include which intervention?

Accepted Answer

A)  Immediate administration of antiplatelet therapy 
B)  Teaching the patient how to perform the Valsalva maneuver 
C)  Assessment and documentation of chest pain episodes 
D)  Administration of prophylactic lidocaine for ventricular ectopy 
A)  Immediate administration of antiplatelet therapy 
B)  Teaching the patient how to perform the Valsalva maneuver 
C)  Assessment and documentation of chest pain episodes 
D)  Administration of prophylactic lidocaine for ventricular ectopy

Question 19

Why do women have higher mortality rates from acute myocardial infarction (MI)than men?

Accepted Answer

A)  Women wait longer to seek medical care. 
B)  Women have more risk factors for coronary artery disease than men. 
C)  Women have a higher risk of coronary spasm than men. 
D)  Women have smaller hearts than men. 
A)  Women wait longer to seek medical care. 
B)  Women have more risk factors for coronary artery disease than men. 
C)  Women have a higher risk of coronary spasm than men. 
D)  Women have smaller hearts than men.

Question 20

A patient has been newly diagnosed with stable angina.He tells the nurse he knows a lot about his diagnosis already because his father had the same diagnosis 15 years ago.The nurse asks him to state what he already knows about angina.Which response indicates the need for additional education?

Accepted Answer

A)  He should stop smoking. 
B)  He can no longer drink colas or coffee. 
C)  He can no longer get a strong back massage. 
D)  He should take stool softeners to prevent straining. 
A)  He should stop smoking. 
B)  He can no longer drink colas or coffee. 
C)  He can no longer get a strong back massage. 
D)  He should take stool softeners to prevent straining.

Exam 14: Cardiovascular Disorders

Which statement about coronary artery disease (CAD)is accurate?

A patient is admitted with an acute inferior myocardial infarction (MI).A 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG)is done to validate the area of infarction.Which leads on the ECG would correlate with an inferior wall MI?

Which intervention is an essential aspect of the patient teaching plan for the patient with chronic heart failure?

What dysrhythmia is most frequently associated with sudden cardiac death?

In the acute phase after ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI),fibrinolytic therapy is used in combination with heparin to recanalize the coronary artery.What dosage is the initial heparin bolus?

A patient is admitted with an acute myocardial infarction (MI).What common complication should the nurse anticipate in this patient?

Patient is admitted with heart failure.The patient has developed dyspnea with wheezing,a nonproductive cough,and pulmonary crackles that progress to the gurgling sounds of pulmonary edema.The nurse suspects the patient may be developing with problem?

At what size is an aortic aneurysm evaluated for surgical repair or stent placement?

Which laboratory value indicates a heightened risk for the development of coronary artery disease (CAD)?

Which mechanisms responsible for a myocardial infarction (MI)?

Which value,when elevated,places the patient at lowest risk for coronary artery disease (CAD)?

A patient was admitted 3 days ago with an acute myocardial infarction (MI).The patient complains of fatigue,not sleeping the past two nights,and change in appetite.Based on these findings the nurse suspects the patient may be experiencing which problem?

What are the clinical manifestations of right-sided heart failure?

A patient is admitted for palliative care for end-stage heart failure.What is the nurse's primary goal when caring for this patient?

Which physiologic effects can be associated with physical exercise?

The nursing management plan for a patient with angina would include which intervention?

Why do women have higher mortality rates from acute myocardial infarction (MI)than men?

A patient has been newly diagnosed with stable angina.He tells the nurse he knows a lot about his diagnosis already because his father had the same diagnosis 15 years ago.The nurse asks him to state what he already knows about angina.Which response indicates the need for additional education?

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