Exam 26: Kidney Disorders and Therapeutic Management

The practitioner has ordered dialysis for a patient with acute heart failure who is unresponsive to diuretics.Which type of dialysis would the nurse anticipate being started on this patient?

A patient is admitted with respiratory failure and is being mechanically ventilated.The nurse understands there is a significant association between acute kidney injury and respiratory failure.How does mechanical ventilation alter kidney function?

A patient is admitted with sepsis and acute kidney injury (AKI).The patient is started on continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT).The nurse knows that fluid that is removed each hour is charted as what on the CRRT flowsheet?

A patient with acute kidney injury has a potassium level of 6.9 mg/dL.The patient has had no urine output in the past 4 hours despite administration of Lasix 40 mg intravenous push.To correct the hyperkalemia the patient is given 50 mL of 50% dextrose in water and 10 U of regular insulin intravenous push.A repeat potassium level 2 hours later shows a potassium level of 4.5 mg/dL.What order would the nurse expect now?

A patient with chronic kidney disease receives hemodialysis treatments 3 days a week.Every 2 weeks,the patient requires a transfusion of 1 or 2 U of packed red blood cells.What is the probable reason for this patient's frequent transfusion needs?

A patient who receives peritoneal dialysis is admitted after a 3-day history of flulike symptoms.The patient reports muscle cramps and is noted to have a low blood pressure and tachycardia.The nurse suspects the patient may be experiencing what condition?

A patient was admitted with an infection that had to be treated with an aminoglycoside antibiotic.After a few days the patient developed oliguria and elevated blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels.The patient's vital signs are stable.The nurse would anticipate the practitioner ordering which dialysis method for this patient?

Which diuretics maybe combined to work on different parts of the nephron?

An elderly patient is in a motor vehicle accident and sustains a significant internal hemorrhage.The nurse knows the patient is at risk for developing what type of acute kidney injury (AKI)?

The practitioner has ordered continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT)for a patient with acute kidney injury.The patient needs both the removal of fluids and a moderate amount of solutes.Which type of CRRT would the nurse anticipate being started on this patient?

To remove fluid during hemodialysis,a positive hydrostatic pressure is applied to the blood and a negative hydrostatic pressure is applied to the dialysate bath.What is this process called?

A patient has developed acute kidney injury (AKI)secondary to cardiogenic shock.Which laboratory value would the nurse find helpful in evaluating patient's renal status?

A patient was admitted with an infection that had to be treated with gentamicin,an aminoglycoside antibiotic.After 3 days of administration,the patient developed oliguria,and an elevated blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels.The nurse suspects the patient has developed what type of kidney injury?

A patient is admitted with acute kidney injury (AKI).Which event from the patient's history was the most probable cause of the patient's AKI?

A patient with acute kidney injury (AKI)has been started on continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF).The nurse understands the patient should be closely monitored for what circuit-related complications of the therapy?

A patient with acute kidney injury (AKI)has been started on continuous venovenous hemodialysis (CVVHD).The nurse knows the hemodialyzer filter used in this type of therapy is permeable to what substance?

A patient with chronic kidney disease was admitted with severe electrolyte disturbances.The patient had been ill and missed several hemodialysis sessions.The patient is disoriented,dizzy,cold,clammy,and complains of severe abdominal cramping.The patient's electrocardiogram appears normal.Which electrolyte disturbance would the nurse suspect the patient may be experiencing?

A patient with acute kidney injury (AKI)has been started on continuous venovenous hemodialysis (CVVHD).The nurse understands the patient should be closely monitored for what patient-related complications of the therapy?

What is the dose for low-dose dopamine?

A patient was admitted with liver failure and acute kidney injury (AKI).Which intravenous solution should the nurse question if it were ordered for this patient?