Question 1

Where in the gastrointestinal tract are Bacteroides,Lactobacillus,and Clostridium organisms commonly found?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stomach 
B)  Small intestine 
C)  Large intestine 
D)  Liver 
A)  Stomach 
B)  Small intestine 
C)  Large intestine 
D)  Liver C

Question 2

Stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system produces which effect on the gastrointestinal system?

Accepted Answer

A)  Decreased peristalsis 
B)  Increased secretion of watery saliva 
C)  Decreased colonic activity 
D)  Increased release of gastrointestinal hormones 
A)  Decreased peristalsis 
B)  Increased secretion of watery saliva 
C)  Decreased colonic activity 
D)  Increased release of gastrointestinal hormones B

Question 3

What is the main function of bile?

Accepted Answer

A)  Emulsify fat globules 
B)  Serve as a reservoir for bilirubin 
C)  Maintain triglyceride levels in the blood 
D)  Aid in detoxification of drugs in the liver 
A)  Emulsify fat globules 
B)  Serve as a reservoir for bilirubin 
C)  Maintain triglyceride levels in the blood 
D)  Aid in detoxification of drugs in the liver A

Question 4

When the ileum is distended,the ileogastric reflex inhibits what process?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gastric absorption 
B)  Absorption in the jejunum 
C)  Gastric motility 
D)  Ileum motility 
A)  Gastric absorption 
B)  Absorption in the jejunum 
C)  Gastric motility 
D)  Ileum motility

Question 5

What is the name of the portion of the stomach that allows for expansion and secretion of gastric juice?

Accepted Answer

A)  Serosa 
B)  Muscularis 
C)  Submucosa 
D)  Mucosa 
A)  Serosa 
B)  Muscularis 
C)  Submucosa 
D)  Mucosa

Question 6

What purpose does saliva serve in the process of digestion?

Accepted Answer

A)  Washes away bacteria 
B)  Provides the body's main source of potassium 
C)  Contains hydrochloric acid for breakdown of protein 
D)  Stimulates the sympathetic nervous system 
A)  Washes away bacteria 
B)  Provides the body's main source of potassium 
C)  Contains hydrochloric acid for breakdown of protein 
D)  Stimulates the sympathetic nervous system

Question 7

What role does the liver play in maintaining normal blood sugar levels?

Accepted Answer

A)  Produces insulin to breakdown glucose 
B)  Synthesizes amino acids from ketoacids 
C)  Converts glycogen to glucose 
D)  Synthesizes glycogen from carbohydrates 
A)  Produces insulin to breakdown glucose 
B)  Synthesizes amino acids from ketoacids 
C)  Converts glycogen to glucose 
D)  Synthesizes glycogen from carbohydrates

Question 8

Which organ lies obliquely beneath the cardiac sphincter and above the pyloric sphincter?

Accepted Answer

A)  Esophagus 
B)  Stomach 
C)  Duodenum 
D)  Ileum 
A)  Esophagus 
B)  Stomach 
C)  Duodenum 
D)  Ileum

Question 9

What intestinal hormone is responsible for stimulating the pancreas to secrete fluid into the duodenum?

Accepted Answer

A)  Secretin 
B)  Chyme 
C)  Gastrin 
D)  Pepsin 
A)  Secretin 
B)  Chyme 
C)  Gastrin 
D)  Pepsin

Question 10

How is food is propelled through the esophagus?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gravity 
B)  Salivary fluids 
C)  Cardiac sphincter suction 
D)  Peristalsis 
A)  Gravity 
B)  Salivary fluids 
C)  Cardiac sphincter suction 
D)  Peristalsis

Question 11

What is the name of the portion of the stomach that connects the antrum to the duodenum?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fundus 
B)  Body 
C)  Cardiac orifice 
D)  Pylorus 
A)  Fundus 
B)  Body 
C)  Cardiac orifice 
D)  Pylorus

Question 12

What is the pH of gastric juices prior to being mixed with food?

Accepted Answer

A)  1.0 
B)  3.0 
C)  5.0 
D)  7.0 
A)  1.0 
B)  3.0 
C)  5.0 
D)  7.0

Question 13

Which statements are correct regarding epithelial cells of the gastric mucosa?

Accepted Answer

A)  They prevent diffusion of hydrogen into the mucosa. 
B)  They secrete bicarbonate to neutralize hydrogen ions. 
C)  They have the ability to increase blood flow to facilitate removal of toxic metabolites. 
D)  They break down prostaglandins. 
E)  They are impervious to alcohol and aspirin. 
A)  They prevent diffusion of hydrogen into the mucosa. 
B)  They secrete bicarbonate to neutralize hydrogen ions. 
C)  They have the ability to increase blood flow to facilitate removal of toxic metabolites. 
D)  They break down prostaglandins. 
E)  They are impervious to alcohol and aspirin.

Question 14

A patient has been admitted in acute liver failure.Which laboratory value would the nurse expect to support this diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Elevated blood glucose level 
B)  High levels of unconjugated bilirubin 
C)  Decreased prothrombin time 
D)  Decreased partial thromboplastin time 
A)  Elevated blood glucose level 
B)  High levels of unconjugated bilirubin 
C)  Decreased prothrombin time 
D)  Decreased partial thromboplastin time

Question 15

What vessel delivers nutrient-rich blood from the gut,pancreas,spleen,and stomach to the liver?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hepatic artery 
B)  Hepatic vein 
C)  Portal vein 
D)  Interlobular veins 
A)  Hepatic artery 
B)  Hepatic vein 
C)  Portal vein 
D)  Interlobular veins

Question 16

Which layer of the large intestine consists of longitudinal and circular muscles?

Accepted Answer

A)  Serosa layer 
B)  Muscularis layer 
C)  Submucosa layer 
D)  Mucosa layer 
A)  Serosa layer 
B)  Muscularis layer 
C)  Submucosa layer 
D)  Mucosa layer

Question 17

The pancreas has both exocrine and endocrine properties.Which substances are produced by the exocrine function?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gastrin 
B)  Trypsin 
C)  Amylase 
D)  Lipase 
E)  Insulin 
A)  Gastrin 
B)  Trypsin 
C)  Amylase 
D)  Lipase 
E)  Insulin

Question 18

Which component of gastric juice is necessary for the breakdown of proteins?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hydrochloric acid (HCl) 
B)  Pepsin 
C)  Intrinsic factor 
D)  Potassium 
A)  Hydrochloric acid (HCl) 
B)  Pepsin 
C)  Intrinsic factor 
D)  Potassium

Question 19

A patient has been admitted in acute liver failure.The nurse knows that the synthesis of fibrinogen is affected and will result in what problem?

Accepted Answer

A)  Jaundice 
B)  Fluid retention and ascites 
C)  Delayed clotting 
D)  Hepatomegaly 
A)  Jaundice 
B)  Fluid retention and ascites 
C)  Delayed clotting 
D)  Hepatomegaly

Question 20

The gastrointestinal system plays a vital role in detoxification and elimination of what substances?

Accepted Answer

A)  Viruses 
B)  Chemical toxins 
C)  Drugs 
D)  Bacteria 
E)  Bile 
A)  Viruses 
B)  Chemical toxins 
C)  Drugs 
D)  Bacteria 
E)  Bile

Exam 27: Gastrointestinal Anatomy and Physiology

Where in the gastrointestinal tract are Bacteroides,Lactobacillus,and Clostridium organisms commonly found?

Stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system produces which effect on the gastrointestinal system?

What is the main function of bile?

When the ileum is distended,the ileogastric reflex inhibits what process?

What is the name of the portion of the stomach that allows for expansion and secretion of gastric juice?

What purpose does saliva serve in the process of digestion?

What role does the liver play in maintaining normal blood sugar levels?

Which organ lies obliquely beneath the cardiac sphincter and above the pyloric sphincter?

What intestinal hormone is responsible for stimulating the pancreas to secrete fluid into the duodenum?

How is food is propelled through the esophagus?

What is the name of the portion of the stomach that connects the antrum to the duodenum?

What is the pH of gastric juices prior to being mixed with food?

Which statements are correct regarding epithelial cells of the gastric mucosa?

A patient has been admitted in acute liver failure.Which laboratory value would the nurse expect to support this diagnosis?

What vessel delivers nutrient-rich blood from the gut,pancreas,spleen,and stomach to the liver?

Which layer of the large intestine consists of longitudinal and circular muscles?

The pancreas has both exocrine and endocrine properties.Which substances are produced by the exocrine function?

Which component of gastric juice is necessary for the breakdown of proteins?

A patient has been admitted in acute liver failure.The nurse knows that the synthesis of fibrinogen is affected and will result in what problem?

The gastrointestinal system plays a vital role in detoxification and elimination of what substances?

Critical Care Nursing Practice

Ethical Issues

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Patient and Family Education

Psychosocial and Spiritual Alterations and Management

Nutrition Alterations and Management

Pain and Pain Management

Sedation,Agitation,and Delirium Management

End-Of-Life Care

Cardiovascular Anatomy and Physiology

Cardiovascular Clinical Assessment

Cardiovascular Diagnostic Procedures

Cardiovascular Disorders

Cardiovascular Therapeutic Management

Pulmonary Anatomy and Physiology

Pulmonary Clinical Assessment

Pulmonary Diagnostic Procedures

Pulmonary Disorders

Pulmonary Therapeutic Management

Neurologic Anatomy and Physiology

Neurologic Clinical Assessment and Diagnostic Procedures

Neurologic Disorders and Therapeutic Management

Kidney Anatomy and Physiology

Kidney Clinical Assessment and Diagnostic Procedures

Kidney Disorders and Therapeutic Management

Gastrointestinal Clinical Assessment and Diagnostic Procedures

Gastrointestinal Disorders and Therapeutic Management

Endocrine Anatomy and Physiology

Endocrine Clinical Assessment and Diagnostic Procedures

Endocrine Disorders and Therapeutic Management

Trauma

Shock,sepsis,and Multiple-Organ Dysfunction Syndrome

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Organ Donation and Transplantation

Hematologic and Oncologic Emergencies

The Obstetric Patient

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