Question 1

A patient asks why he had to take a deep breath when the radiology technician took his chest radiograph.Which statement is the best response?

Accepted Answer

A)  "Deep breaths get the chest wall closer to the machine." 
B)  "When the lungs are filled with air, you get a clearer picture." 
C)  "Taking a deep breath decreases the error caused by motion." 
D)  "Holding your breath makes the heart appear larger." 
A)  "Deep breaths get the chest wall closer to the machine." 
B)  "When the lungs are filled with air, you get a clearer picture." 
C)  "Taking a deep breath decreases the error caused by motion." 
D)  "Holding your breath makes the heart appear larger."

Question 2

The physician is going to place a central venous catheter.Which anatomic site is associated with a lower risk of infection?

Accepted Answer

A)  Subclavian vein 
B)  External jugular vein 
C)  Internal jugular vein 
D)  Femoral vein 
A)  Subclavian vein 
B)  External jugular vein 
C)  Internal jugular vein 
D)  Femoral vein

Question 3

Which portion of the electrocardiogram (ECG)is most valuable in diagnosing atrioventricular (AV)conduction disturbances?

Accepted Answer

A)  P wave 
B)  PR interval 
C)  QRS complex 
D)  QT interval 
A)  P wave 
B)  PR interval 
C)  QRS complex 
D)  QT interval

Question 4

Zeroing the pressure transducer on hemodynamic monitoring equipment occurs when the displays reads which number?

Accepted Answer

A)  0 
B)  250 
C)  600 
D)  760 
A)  0 
B)  250 
C)  600 
D)  760

Question 5

A patient with a potassium level of 2.8 mEq/L is given 60 mEq over a 12-hour period.A repeat potassium level is obtained,and the current potassium level is 3.2 mEq/L.In addition to administering additional potassium supplements,what intervention should now be considered?

Accepted Answer

A)  Discontinue spironolactone 
B)  Drawing a serum magnesium level 
C)  Rechecking the potassium level 
D)  Monitoring the patient's urinary output 
A)  Discontinue spironolactone 
B)  Drawing a serum magnesium level 
C)  Rechecking the potassium level 
D)  Monitoring the patient's urinary output

Question 6

Which of the following is most indicative of decreased left ventricular preload?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased pulmonary artery occlusion pressure (PAOP) 
B)  Decreased pulmonary artery occlusion pressure (PAOP) 
C)  Increased central venous pressure (CVP) 
D)  Decreased central venous pressure (CVP) 
A)  Increased pulmonary artery occlusion pressure (PAOP) 
B)  Decreased pulmonary artery occlusion pressure (PAOP) 
C)  Increased central venous pressure (CVP) 
D)  Decreased central venous pressure (CVP)

Question 7

Which statement made by a patient would indicate the need for further education before an electrophysiology procedure?

Accepted Answer

A)  "I need to take all my heart medications the morning of the procedure." 
B)  "The doctor is going to make my heart beat wrong on purpose." 
C)  "I will be awake but relaxed during the procedure." 
D)  "I will be x-rayed during the procedure." 
A)  "I need to take all my heart medications the morning of the procedure." 
B)  "The doctor is going to make my heart beat wrong on purpose." 
C)  "I will be awake but relaxed during the procedure." 
D)  "I will be x-rayed during the procedure."

Question 8

Identify the rhythm.

Accepted Answer

A)  Junctional escape rhythm 
B)  Atrial fibrillation 
C)  Unifocal premature ventricular contractions 
D)  Ventricular tachycardia 
A)  Junctional escape rhythm 
B)  Atrial fibrillation 
C)  Unifocal premature ventricular contractions 
D)  Ventricular tachycardia

Question 9

What characteristic is associated with junctional escape rhythms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Irregular rhythm 
B)  Rate greater than 100 beats/min 
C)  P wave may be present or absent 
D)  QRS greater than 0.10 seconds 
A)  Irregular rhythm 
B)  Rate greater than 100 beats/min 
C)  P wave may be present or absent 
D)  QRS greater than 0.10 seconds

Question 10

What type of atrioventricular (AV)block can be described as a gradually lengthening PR interval until ultimately the final P wave in the group fails to conduct?

Accepted Answer

A)  First-degree AV block 
B)  Second-degree AV block, type I 
C)  Second-degree AV block, type II 
D)  Third-degree AV block 
A)  First-degree AV block 
B)  Second-degree AV block, type I 
C)  Second-degree AV block, type II 
D)  Third-degree AV block

Question 11

Which blood test standardizes prothrombin time (PT)results among worldwide clinical laboratories?

Accepted Answer

A)  aPTT 
B)  ACT 
C)  HDL 
D)  INR 
A)  aPTT 
B)  ACT 
C)  HDL 
D)  INR

Question 12

A patient's central venous pressure (CVP)reading suddenly increased from 10 to 48 mm Hg.His lungs are clear except for fine rales at the bases.What should the nurse do next?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nothing as this reading is still within normal limits. 
B)  Place a STAT call into the physician. 
C)  Administer ordered prn Lasix. 
D)  Check the level of the transducer. 
A)  Nothing as this reading is still within normal limits. 
B)  Place a STAT call into the physician. 
C)  Administer ordered prn Lasix. 
D)  Check the level of the transducer.

Question 13

Which cardiac biomarker is elevated in decompensated heart failure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Triglycerides 
B)  Troponin I 
C)  Troponin T 
D)  B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) 
A)  Triglycerides 
B)  Troponin I 
C)  Troponin T 
D)  B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP)

Question 14

On returning from the cardiac catheterization laboratory,the patient asks if he can get up in the chair.What should the nurse tell the patient?

Accepted Answer

A)  "You cannot get up because you may pass out." 
B)  "You cannot get up because you may start bleeding." 
C)  "You cannot get up because you may fall." 
D)  "You cannot get up until you urinate." 
A)  "You cannot get up because you may pass out." 
B)  "You cannot get up because you may start bleeding." 
C)  "You cannot get up because you may fall." 
D)  "You cannot get up until you urinate."

Question 15

To accurately measure the heart rate of a patient in normal sinus rhythm,which technique would be the most accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)  The number of R waves in a 6-second strip 
B)  The number of large boxes in a 6-second strip 
C)  The number of small boxes between QRS complexes divided into 1500 
D)  The number of large boxes between consecutive R waves divided into 300 
A)  The number of R waves in a 6-second strip 
B)  The number of large boxes in a 6-second strip 
C)  The number of small boxes between QRS complexes divided into 1500 
D)  The number of large boxes between consecutive R waves divided into 300

Question 16

When assessing the pulmonary arterial waveform,the nurse notices dampening.After tightening the stopcocks and flushing the line,the nurse decides to calibrate the transducer.What are two essential components included in calibration?

Accepted Answer

A)  Obtaining a baseline blood pressure and closing the transducer to air 
B)  Leveling the air-fluid interface to the phlebostatic axis and opening the transducer to air 
C)  Having the patient lay flat and closing the transducer to air 
D)  Obtaining blood return on line and closing all stopcocks 
A)  Obtaining a baseline blood pressure and closing the transducer to air 
B)  Leveling the air-fluid interface to the phlebostatic axis and opening the transducer to air 
C)  Having the patient lay flat and closing the transducer to air 
D)  Obtaining blood return on line and closing all stopcocks

Question 17

Mechanical contraction of the heart occurs during which phase of the cardiac cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  Phase 0 
B)  Phase 2 
C)  Phase 3 
D)  Phase 4 
A)  Phase 0 
B)  Phase 2 
C)  Phase 3 
D)  Phase 4

Question 18

A patient with a serum potassium level of 6.8 mEq/L may exhibit what type of electrocardiographic changes?

Accepted Answer

A)  A prominent U wave 
B)  Tall, peaked T waves 
C)  A narrowed QRS 
D)  Sudden ventricular dysrhythmias 
A)  A prominent U wave 
B)  Tall, peaked T waves 
C)  A narrowed QRS 
D)  Sudden ventricular dysrhythmias

Question 19

Which noninvasive imaging technique is useful in diagnosing complications of a myocardial infarction (MI)?

Accepted Answer

A)  12-lead ECG 
B)  CT 
C)  MRI 
D)  Echocardiography 
A)  12-lead ECG 
B)  CT 
C)  MRI 
D)  Echocardiography

Question 20

Which diagnostic tool can be used to detect structural heart abnormalities?

Accepted Answer

A)  Echocardiogram 
B)  Electrocardiogram (ECG) 
C)  Exercise stress test 
D)  24-hour Holter monitor 
A)  Echocardiogram 
B)  Electrocardiogram (ECG) 
C)  Exercise stress test 
D)  24-hour Holter monitor

Exam 13: Cardiovascular Diagnostic Procedures

A patient asks why he had to take a deep breath when the radiology technician took his chest radiograph.Which statement is the best response?

The physician is going to place a central venous catheter.Which anatomic site is associated with a lower risk of infection?

Which portion of the electrocardiogram (ECG)is most valuable in diagnosing atrioventricular (AV)conduction disturbances?

Zeroing the pressure transducer on hemodynamic monitoring equipment occurs when the displays reads which number?

A patient with a potassium level of 2.8 mEq/L is given 60 mEq over a 12-hour period.A repeat potassium level is obtained,and the current potassium level is 3.2 mEq/L.In addition to administering additional potassium supplements,what intervention should now be considered?

Which of the following is most indicative of decreased left ventricular preload?

Which statement made by a patient would indicate the need for further education before an electrophysiology procedure?

Identify the rhythm.

What characteristic is associated with junctional escape rhythms?

What type of atrioventricular (AV)block can be described as a gradually lengthening PR interval until ultimately the final P wave in the group fails to conduct?

Which blood test standardizes prothrombin time (PT)results among worldwide clinical laboratories?

A patient's central venous pressure (CVP)reading suddenly increased from 10 to 48 mm Hg.His lungs are clear except for fine rales at the bases.What should the nurse do next?

Which cardiac biomarker is elevated in decompensated heart failure?

On returning from the cardiac catheterization laboratory,the patient asks if he can get up in the chair.What should the nurse tell the patient?

To accurately measure the heart rate of a patient in normal sinus rhythm,which technique would be the most accurate?

When assessing the pulmonary arterial waveform,the nurse notices dampening.After tightening the stopcocks and flushing the line,the nurse decides to calibrate the transducer.What are two essential components included in calibration?

Mechanical contraction of the heart occurs during which phase of the cardiac cycle?

A patient with a serum potassium level of 6.8 mEq/L may exhibit what type of electrocardiographic changes?

Which noninvasive imaging technique is useful in diagnosing complications of a myocardial infarction (MI)?

Which diagnostic tool can be used to detect structural heart abnormalities?

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