Question 1

What is the normal resting membrane potential of a myocardial cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  10 to 20 mV 
B)  30 to 40 mV 
C)  -20 to -30 mV 
D)  -80 to -90 mV 
A)  10 to 20 mV 
B)  30 to 40 mV 
C)  -20 to -30 mV 
D)  -80 to -90 mV

Question 2

What is the name of outermost layer of an artery?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tunica 
B)  Intima 
C)  Adventitia 
D)  Media 
A)  Tunica 
B)  Intima 
C)  Adventitia 
D)  Media

Question 3

A patient presents with atrial fibrillation,a heart rate of 156 beats/min,and a blood pressure of 124/76 mm Hg.The practitioner orders diltiazem,a calcium channel blocker,to be given slowly by intravenous push.Why did the practitioner choose this medication to treat this patient's atrial tachyarrhythmia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Diltiazem decreases the calcium influx into the atrioventricular (AV) nodal tissue and decreases the speed of impulse conduction. 
B)  Diltiazem increases the calcium influx into the AV nodal tissue and decreases the speed of impulse conduction. 
C)  Diltiazem decreases the calcium influx into the myocardial tissue and decreases the strength of heart contraction. 
D)  Diltiazem increases the calcium influx into the myocardial tissue and decreases the strength of heart contraction. 
A)  Diltiazem decreases the calcium influx into the atrioventricular (AV) nodal tissue and decreases the speed of impulse conduction. 
B)  Diltiazem increases the calcium influx into the AV nodal tissue and decreases the speed of impulse conduction. 
C)  Diltiazem decreases the calcium influx into the myocardial tissue and decreases the strength of heart contraction. 
D)  Diltiazem increases the calcium influx into the myocardial tissue and decreases the strength of heart contraction.

Question 4

Which structure is the primary or natural pacemaker of the heart?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ventricular tissue 
B)  Atrioventricular node 
C)  Sinoatrial node 
D)  Purkinje fibers 
A)  Ventricular tissue 
B)  Atrioventricular node 
C)  Sinoatrial node 
D)  Purkinje fibers

Question 5

Why do many patients with very high heart rates frequently have chest pain and shortness of breath?

Accepted Answer

A)  Patients with heart disease frequently have an anxiety disorder as well. 
B)  The rapid pounding of the heart in the chest wall causes the physical pain. 
C)  The heart muscle gets tired from the increased work. 
D)  The decreased diastolic time decreases oxygen delivery to the myocardium. 
A)  Patients with heart disease frequently have an anxiety disorder as well. 
B)  The rapid pounding of the heart in the chest wall causes the physical pain. 
C)  The heart muscle gets tired from the increased work. 
D)  The decreased diastolic time decreases oxygen delivery to the myocardium.

Exam 11: Cardiovascular Anatomy and Physiology

What is the normal resting membrane potential of a myocardial cell?

What is the name of outermost layer of an artery?

Which structure is the primary or natural pacemaker of the heart?

Why do many patients with very high heart rates frequently have chest pain and shortness of breath?

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