Question 1

A host is not considered diseased until an infection changes one's state of health.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Which one of the following does NOT contribute to the incidence of healthcare-associated infections?

Accepted Answer

A) antibiotic resistance 
B) lapse in aseptic techniques 
C) gram-negative cell walls 
D) lack of handwashing 
E) lack of disinfecting surfaces 
A) antibiotic resistance 
B) lapse in aseptic techniques 
C) gram-negative cell walls 
D) lack of handwashing 
E) lack of disinfecting surfaces

Question 3

The major significance of Robert Koch's work is that

Accepted Answer

A) microorganisms are present in a diseased animal. 
B) diseases can be transmitted from one animal to another. 
C) microorganisms can be cultured. 
D) microorganisms cause disease. 
E) microorganisms are the result of disease. 
A) microorganisms are present in a diseased animal. 
B) diseases can be transmitted from one animal to another. 
C) microorganisms can be cultured. 
D) microorganisms cause disease. 
E) microorganisms are the result of disease.

Question 4

Which of the following statements about biological transmission is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) The pathogen reproduces in the vector. 
B) The pathogen may enter the host in the vector's feces. 
C) Houseflies are an important vector. 
D) The pathogen may be injected by the bite of the vector. 
E) The pathogen may require the vector as a host. 
A) The pathogen reproduces in the vector. 
B) The pathogen may enter the host in the vector's feces. 
C) Houseflies are an important vector. 
D) The pathogen may be injected by the bite of the vector. 
E) The pathogen may require the vector as a host.

Question 5

Symptoms of disease differ from signs of disease in that symptoms

Accepted Answer

A) are changes felt by the patient. 
B) are changes observed by the physician. 
C) are specific for a particular disease. 
D) always occur as part of a syndrome. 
A) are changes felt by the patient. 
B) are changes observed by the physician. 
C) are specific for a particular disease. 
D) always occur as part of a syndrome.

Question 6

A cold transmitted by a facial tissue is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) direct contact. 
B) droplet transmission. 
C) fomite. 
D) vector. 
E) vehicle transmission. 
A) direct contact. 
B) droplet transmission. 
C) fomite. 
D) vector. 
E) vehicle transmission.

Question 7

Refer to Figure 14.2
  
-In Figure 14.2,which one of the following choices has the highest morbidity rate?

Accepted Answer

A) July 
B) October 
C) November 
D) December 
A) July 
B) October 
C) November 
D) December

Question 8

Testing the effectiveness of a new drug for anthrax would be best performed as an experimental study.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Focal infections initially start out as

Accepted Answer

A) sepsis. 
B) bacteremia. 
C) local infections. 
D) septicemia. 
E) systemic infections. 
A) sepsis. 
B) bacteremia. 
C) local infections. 
D) septicemia. 
E) systemic infections.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a communicable disease?

Accepted Answer

A) malaria 
B) AIDS 
C) tuberculosis 
D) tetanus 
E) typhoid fever 
A) malaria 
B) AIDS 
C) tuberculosis 
D) tetanus 
E) typhoid fever

Question 11

Would you expect all EIDs to be on the notifiable infectious disease list? Explain.

Accepted Answer

No, not all Emerging Infectious Diseases

Question 12

MMWR is a publication by the CDC that reports specifically and only on emerging diseases.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Situation 14.2
A 37-week-old infant was delivered by cesarean section and discharged from a Connecticut hospital when he was ten days old.Two days later he was lethargic and had a fever.When he was readmitted to the hospital,he had multiple brain abscesses caused by Citrobacter diversus.After a prolonged illness,the baby died.A second infant with a normal pregnancy and delivery died of C.diversus meningitis after a short illness.Nine infants in the hospital nursery had umbilical cord colonization by C.diversus.Environmental cultures were negative for hospital equipment.
Refer to Situation 14.2 What is the normal habitat of this gram-negative,facultatively anaerobic,non-endospore-forming,lactose-positive rod? Provide a plan for identifying the source of infection and preventing further infection.

Accepted Answer

The normal habitat of Citrobacter divers

Question 14

Which one of the following is NOT a zoonosis?

Accepted Answer

A) cat-scratch disease 
B) Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome 
C) rabies 
D) tapeworm 
E) All of these are zoonoses. 
A) cat-scratch disease 
B) Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome 
C) rabies 
D) tapeworm 
E) All of these are zoonoses.

Question 15

The yeast Candida albicans does NOT normally cause disease because of

Accepted Answer

A) symbiotic bacteria. 
B) antagonistic bacteria. 
C) parasitic bacteria. 
D) commensal bacteria. 
E) other fungi. 
A) symbiotic bacteria. 
B) antagonistic bacteria. 
C) parasitic bacteria. 
D) commensal bacteria. 
E) other fungi.

Question 16

Refer to figure 14.1
  
-Figure 14.1 shows the incidence of influenza during a typical year in the northern hemisphere.Which letter on the graph indicates the endemic level?

Accepted Answer

A) a 
B) b 
C) c 
D) d 
A) a 
B) b 
C) c 
D) d

Question 17

If a prodromal period exists for a certain disease,it should occur prior to

Accepted Answer

A) incubation. 
B) illness. 
C) decline. 
D) convalescence. 
A) incubation. 
B) illness. 
C) decline. 
D) convalescence.

Question 18

A commensal bacterium

Accepted Answer

A) does not receive any benefit from its host. 
B) is beneficial to its host. 
C) may also be an opportunistic pathogen. 
D) isn't capable of causing disease in its host. 
E) always causes disease in its host. 
A) does not receive any benefit from its host. 
B) is beneficial to its host. 
C) may also be an opportunistic pathogen. 
D) isn't capable of causing disease in its host. 
E) always causes disease in its host.

Question 19

In which of the following diseases can gender be considered a viable predisposing factor?

Accepted Answer

A) urinary tract infections 
B) pneumonia 
C) salmonellosis 
D) tetanus 
E) anthrax 
A) urinary tract infections 
B) pneumonia 
C) salmonellosis 
D) tetanus 
E) anthrax

Question 20

Biological transmission differs from mechanical transmission in that biological transmission

Accepted Answer

A) occurs when a pathogen is carried on the feet of an insect. 
B) involves fomites. 
C) involves reproduction of a pathogen in an arthropod vector prior to transmission. 
D) requires direct contact. 
E) works only with noncommunicable diseases. 
A) occurs when a pathogen is carried on the feet of an insect. 
B) involves fomites. 
C) involves reproduction of a pathogen in an arthropod vector prior to transmission. 
D) requires direct contact. 
E) works only with noncommunicable diseases.

Exam 14: Principles of Disease and Epidemiology

A host is not considered diseased until an infection changes one's state of health.

Which one of the following does NOT contribute to the incidence of healthcare-associated infections?

The major significance of Robert Koch's work is that

Which of the following statements about biological transmission is FALSE?

Symptoms of disease differ from signs of disease in that symptoms

A cold transmitted by a facial tissue is an example of

Refer to Figure 14.2 -In Figure 14.2,which one of the following choices has the highest morbidity rate?

Testing the effectiveness of a new drug for anthrax would be best performed as an experimental study.

Focal infections initially start out as

Which of the following is NOT a communicable disease?

Would you expect all EIDs to be on the notifiable infectious disease list? Explain.

MMWR is a publication by the CDC that reports specifically and only on emerging diseases.

Which one of the following is NOT a zoonosis?

The yeast Candida albicans does NOT normally cause disease because of

Refer to figure 14.1 -Figure 14.1 shows the incidence of influenza during a typical year in the northern hemisphere.Which letter on the graph indicates the endemic level?

If a prodromal period exists for a certain disease,it should occur prior to

A commensal bacterium

In which of the following diseases can gender be considered a viable predisposing factor?

Biological transmission differs from mechanical transmission in that biological transmission

The Microbial World and You

Chemical Principles

Observing Microorganisms Through a Microscope

Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Growth

The Control of Microbial Growth

Microbial Genetics

Biotechnology and Dna Technology

Classification of Microorganisms

The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea

The Eukaryotes: Fungi, algae, protozoa, and Helminths

Viruses,viroids,and Prions

Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity

Innate Immunity: Nonspecific Defenses of the Host

Adaptive Immunity: Specific Defenses of the Host

Practical Applications of Immunology

Disorders Associated With the Immune System

Antimicrobial Drugs

Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Eyes

Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System

Microbial Diseases of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System

Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System

Microbial Diseases of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems

Environmental Microbiology

Applied and Industrial Microbiology

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