Question 1

Microscopic examination of cerebrospinal fluid reveals gram-positive rods.What is the organism?

Accepted Answer

A) Haemophilus 
B) Listeria 
C) Naegleria 
D) Neisseria 
E) Streptococcus 
A) Haemophilus 
B) Listeria 
C) Naegleria 
D) Neisseria 
E) Streptococcus B

Question 2

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A) Neisseria meningitidis - produces deadly endotoxins 
B) Haemophilus influenzae - virulence due to capsule 
C) Mycobacterium leprae - grows in armadillos 
D) Cryptococcus neoformans - acid-fast rod 
E) Naegleria fowleri - causes amoebic meningoencephalitis 
A) Neisseria meningitidis - produces deadly endotoxins 
B) Haemophilus influenzae - virulence due to capsule 
C) Mycobacterium leprae - grows in armadillos 
D) Cryptococcus neoformans - acid-fast rod 
E) Naegleria fowleri - causes amoebic meningoencephalitis D

Question 3

All of the following organisms are correctly matched to the recommended treatment EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) Neisseria meningitidis - cephalosporins. 
B) Haemophilus influenzae - cephalosporins. 
C) Cryptococcus neoformans - amphotericin B. 
D) Mycobacterium leprae - dapsone. 
E) poliovirus - amphotericin B. 
A) Neisseria meningitidis - cephalosporins. 
B) Haemophilus influenzae - cephalosporins. 
C) Cryptococcus neoformans - amphotericin B. 
D) Mycobacterium leprae - dapsone. 
E) poliovirus - amphotericin B. E

Question 4

All of the following are true of M.leprae EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) it grows best at temperatures below 37°C. 
B) it survives ingestion by macrophages. 
C) it invades cells of the PNS. 
D) it can be cultured in armadillos. 
E) it has a very short generation time of approximately twelve hours. 
A) it grows best at temperatures below 37°C. 
B) it survives ingestion by macrophages. 
C) it invades cells of the PNS. 
D) it can be cultured in armadillos. 
E) it has a very short generation time of approximately twelve hours.

Question 5

What is chronic fatigue syndrome,and how is it diagnosed? What are some of the challenges facing clinicians trying to help CFS patients?

Accepted Answer

Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a comp

Question 6

The most common host of the virus causing eastern equine encephalitis is horses.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Diagnosis of rabies is confirmed by

Accepted Answer

A) Gram stain. 
B) direct fluorescent-antibody test. 
C) patient's symptoms. 
D) passive agglutination. 
E) patient's death. 
A) Gram stain. 
B) direct fluorescent-antibody test. 
C) patient's symptoms. 
D) passive agglutination. 
E) patient's death.

Question 8

There is an antitoxin for botulism.Why,then,is the outcome of botulism often fatal?

Accepted Answer

Botulism is a serious and potentially fa

Question 9

Which one of the following diseases causes symptoms in fewer than 1% of infected individuals,but has a mortality rate in symptomatic patients of about 20%?

Accepted Answer

A) Eastern equine encephalitis 
B) Western equine encephalitis 
C) St.Louis encephalitis 
D) California encephalitis 
E) West Nile virus encephalitis 
A) Eastern equine encephalitis 
B) Western equine encephalitis 
C) St.Louis encephalitis 
D) California encephalitis 
E) West Nile virus encephalitis

Question 10

Which of the following statements about leprosy is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) It is rarely fatal. 
B) Patients with leprosy must be isolated. 
C) It is transmitted by direct contact. 
D) Diagnosis is based on skin biopsy. 
E) The etiologic agent is acid-fast. 
A) It is rarely fatal. 
B) Patients with leprosy must be isolated. 
C) It is transmitted by direct contact. 
D) Diagnosis is based on skin biopsy. 
E) The etiologic agent is acid-fast.

Question 11

Which one of the following diseases may cause a polio-like paralysis in older adults?

Accepted Answer

A) West Nile virus infection 
B) cryptococcosis 
C) Bell's palsy 
D) chronic fatigue syndrome 
A) West Nile virus infection 
B) cryptococcosis 
C) Bell's palsy 
D) chronic fatigue syndrome

Question 12

All of the following are acquired by ingestion EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) botulism. 
B) cryptococcosis. 
C) listeriosis. 
D) poliomyelitis. 
E) Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. 
A) botulism. 
B) cryptococcosis. 
C) listeriosis. 
D) poliomyelitis. 
E) Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.

Question 13

Which of the following statements about rabies is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) It is caused by Lyssavirus. 
B) Hydrophobia is associated with the disease. 
C) Most infections in the U.S.are the result of bites from infected dogs. 
D) Diagnosis is based on immunofluorescent techniques. 
E) Average incubation period is 30 to 50 days after initial infection. 
A) It is caused by Lyssavirus. 
B) Hydrophobia is associated with the disease. 
C) Most infections in the U.S.are the result of bites from infected dogs. 
D) Diagnosis is based on immunofluorescent techniques. 
E) Average incubation period is 30 to 50 days after initial infection.

Question 14

The most common route of central nervous system invasion by pathogens is through

Accepted Answer

A) the skin. 
B) the circulatory system. 
C) the gastrointestinal system. 
D) the parenteral route. 
E) direct penetration into nerves. 
A) the skin. 
B) the circulatory system. 
C) the gastrointestinal system. 
D) the parenteral route. 
E) direct penetration into nerves.

Question 15

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A) tetanus - releases potent neurotoxin 
B) botulism - stimulates transmission of nerve impulse 
C) poliomyelitis - multiplication of virus occurs in throat and small intestine 
D) rabies virus - destroys cells of the CNS 
E) leprosy - deformation of nose and hands can occur 
A) tetanus - releases potent neurotoxin 
B) botulism - stimulates transmission of nerve impulse 
C) poliomyelitis - multiplication of virus occurs in throat and small intestine 
D) rabies virus - destroys cells of the CNS 
E) leprosy - deformation of nose and hands can occur

Question 16

An eight-year-old girl in rural Wisconsin has chills,headache,and fever and reports having been bitten by mosquitoes.How would you confirm your diagnosis of arboviral encephalitis?

Accepted Answer

A) ELISA test for IgM antibodies 
B) brain biopsy for Negri bodies 
C) Gram stain of cerebrospinal fluid 
D) examination of local mosquitoes 
E) complement fixation test for IgG antibodies 
A) ELISA test for IgM antibodies 
B) brain biopsy for Negri bodies 
C) Gram stain of cerebrospinal fluid 
D) examination of local mosquitoes 
E) complement fixation test for IgG antibodies

Question 17

Which of the following statements about Neisseria meningitis is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) A healthy carrier state can exist. 
B) It is encapsulated. 
C) It is typically transmitted by droplet aerosols or direct contact with secretions. 
D) Its most distinguishing feature is a unique rash. 
E) It is a gram-positive anaerobe. 
A) A healthy carrier state can exist. 
B) It is encapsulated. 
C) It is typically transmitted by droplet aerosols or direct contact with secretions. 
D) Its most distinguishing feature is a unique rash. 
E) It is a gram-positive anaerobe.

Question 18

Which disease listed below,results in symptoms of a drooping eyelid or mouth on one side of the face,and is caused when a facial muscle nerve becomes inflamed?

Accepted Answer

A) St.Louis encephalitis 
B) Eastern equine encephalitis 
C) Bell's palsy 
D) chronic fatigue syndrome 
E) bovine spongiform encephalopathy 
A) St.Louis encephalitis 
B) Eastern equine encephalitis 
C) Bell's palsy 
D) chronic fatigue syndrome 
E) bovine spongiform encephalopathy

Question 19

Describe the challenges produced by prion diseases in herds of animals used for human food supplies.

Accepted Answer

Prion diseases, such as bovine spongifor

Question 20

On October 5,a pet store sold a kitten that subsequently died.On October 22,rabies was diagnosed in the kitten.Between September 19 and October 23,the pet store had sold 34 kittens.Approximately 1000 people responded to health care providers following local media alerts.These people were given

Accepted Answer

A) antibiotics. 
B) human diploid cell vaccine. 
C) immune globulin injections. 
D) antiviral medications. 
E) postexposure prophylaxis. 
A) antibiotics. 
B) human diploid cell vaccine. 
C) immune globulin injections. 
D) antiviral medications. 
E) postexposure prophylaxis.

Exam 22: Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System

Microscopic examination of cerebrospinal fluid reveals gram-positive rods.What is the organism?

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

All of the following organisms are correctly matched to the recommended treatment EXCEPT

All of the following are true of M.leprae EXCEPT

What is chronic fatigue syndrome,and how is it diagnosed? What are some of the challenges facing clinicians trying to help CFS patients?

The most common host of the virus causing eastern equine encephalitis is horses.

Diagnosis of rabies is confirmed by

There is an antitoxin for botulism.Why,then,is the outcome of botulism often fatal?

Which one of the following diseases causes symptoms in fewer than 1% of infected individuals,but has a mortality rate in symptomatic patients of about 20%?

Which of the following statements about leprosy is FALSE?

Which one of the following diseases may cause a polio-like paralysis in older adults?

All of the following are acquired by ingestion EXCEPT

Which of the following statements about rabies is FALSE?

The most common route of central nervous system invasion by pathogens is through

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

An eight-year-old girl in rural Wisconsin has chills,headache,and fever and reports having been bitten by mosquitoes.How would you confirm your diagnosis of arboviral encephalitis?

Which of the following statements about Neisseria meningitis is FALSE?

Which disease listed below,results in symptoms of a drooping eyelid or mouth on one side of the face,and is caused when a facial muscle nerve becomes inflamed?

Describe the challenges produced by prion diseases in herds of animals used for human food supplies.

On October 5,a pet store sold a kitten that subsequently died.On October 22,rabies was diagnosed in the kitten.Between September 19 and October 23,the pet store had sold 34 kittens.Approximately 1000 people responded to health care providers following local media alerts.These people were given

The Microbial World and You

Chemical Principles

Observing Microorganisms Through a Microscope

Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Growth

The Control of Microbial Growth

Microbial Genetics

Biotechnology and Dna Technology

Classification of Microorganisms

The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea

The Eukaryotes: Fungi, algae, protozoa, and Helminths

Viruses,viroids,and Prions

Principles of Disease and Epidemiology

Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity

Innate Immunity: Nonspecific Defenses of the Host

Adaptive Immunity: Specific Defenses of the Host

Practical Applications of Immunology

Disorders Associated With the Immune System

Antimicrobial Drugs

Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Eyes

Microbial Diseases of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System

Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System

Microbial Diseases of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems

Environmental Microbiology

Applied and Industrial Microbiology

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