Question 1

The product of which process contains the highest BOD?

Accepted Answer

A) anaerobic sludge digestion 
B) primary sewage treatment 
C) secondary sewage treatment 
D) tertiary sewage treatment 
E) water treatment 
A) anaerobic sludge digestion 
B) primary sewage treatment 
C) secondary sewage treatment 
D) tertiary sewage treatment 
E) water treatment B

Question 2

If nitrates are important in the nitrogen cycle,why are they also contaminants of the water systems?

Accepted Answer

A) If ingested,nitrate is converted to nitrogen gas,which is toxic at low levels. 
B) When ingested,nitrate is converted to nitrite and competes for oxygen in the blood,which is especially harmful to infants. 
C) It indicates the presence of fecal contamination. 
D) It is the major cause of eutrophication. 
E) None of these pertain to nitrate. 
A) If ingested,nitrate is converted to nitrogen gas,which is toxic at low levels. 
B) When ingested,nitrate is converted to nitrite and competes for oxygen in the blood,which is especially harmful to infants. 
C) It indicates the presence of fecal contamination. 
D) It is the major cause of eutrophication. 
E) None of these pertain to nitrate. A

Question 3

Biochemical oxygen demand is a measure of the

Accepted Answer

A) number of bacteria present in a water sample. 
B) amount of oxygen present in a water sample. 
C) amount of organic matter present in a water sample. 
D) amount of undissolved solid matter present in a water sample. 
E) amount of nitrogen in a water sample. 
A) number of bacteria present in a water sample. 
B) amount of oxygen present in a water sample. 
C) amount of organic matter present in a water sample. 
D) amount of undissolved solid matter present in a water sample. 
E) amount of nitrogen in a water sample. C

Question 4

Figure 27.2
  
-Where are photosynthetic bacteria most likely to be found in Figure 27.2?

Accepted Answer

A) a 
B) b 
C) c 
D) a and b 
E) b and c 
A) a 
B) b 
C) c 
D) a and b 
E) b and c

Question 5

Fill in the blanks with the most appropriate set of terms.In a(n)________ sludge digester,________ bacteria decrease organic solids by degrading them.

Accepted Answer

A) activated;benthic 
B) sedimentation;suspended 
C) tertiary;Zooglea 
D) anaerobic;methane-producing 
E) aerobic;hydrogen-gas producing. 
A) activated;benthic 
B) sedimentation;suspended 
C) tertiary;Zooglea 
D) anaerobic;methane-producing 
E) aerobic;hydrogen-gas producing.

Question 6

All of the following are habitats for extremophiles EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) an acid mine wash. 
B) the topmost portions of the Atlantic Ocean. 
C) inside rock. 
D) a salt-evaporating pond. 
E) 100°C water. 
A) an acid mine wash. 
B) the topmost portions of the Atlantic Ocean. 
C) inside rock. 
D) a salt-evaporating pond. 
E) 100°C water.

Question 7

NH₃ → NO₂⁻

Accepted Answer

A) takes place under aerobic conditions. 
B) takes place under anaerobic conditions. 
C) The amount of oxygen does not make any difference. 
A) takes place under aerobic conditions. 
B) takes place under anaerobic conditions. 
C) The amount of oxygen does not make any difference.

Question 8

Bioaugmentation involves

Accepted Answer

A) adding nitrogen and phosphorus to an area in need of remediation. 
B) adding specialized microbes to an area in need of remediation. 
C) producing humus from plant waste. 
D) producing a methane by-product for powering facility equipment. 
E) using microbes to filter out impurities from leach water. 
A) adding nitrogen and phosphorus to an area in need of remediation. 
B) adding specialized microbes to an area in need of remediation. 
C) producing humus from plant waste. 
D) producing a methane by-product for powering facility equipment. 
E) using microbes to filter out impurities from leach water.

Question 9

The dense growth of algae in an algal bloom leads to increased oxygen levels in lakes that enhance the habitat for fish.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

What is true about the nitrogen cycle?

Accepted Answer

A) The form of nitrogen present in significant levels in the atmosphere is easily assimilated by most organisms. 
B) Most of the nitrogen in the atmosphere exists as organic molecules. 
C) The activity of specific types of microorganisms is important to convert atmospheric nitrogen molecules into usable forms. 
D) Both most of the nitrogen in the atmosphere exists as organic molecules and the activity of specific types of microorganisms is important to convert atmospheric nitrogen molecules into usable forms. 
E) All organisms can incorporate atmospheric nitrogen into their proteins and nucleic acids. 
A) The form of nitrogen present in significant levels in the atmosphere is easily assimilated by most organisms. 
B) Most of the nitrogen in the atmosphere exists as organic molecules. 
C) The activity of specific types of microorganisms is important to convert atmospheric nitrogen molecules into usable forms. 
D) Both most of the nitrogen in the atmosphere exists as organic molecules and the activity of specific types of microorganisms is important to convert atmospheric nitrogen molecules into usable forms. 
E) All organisms can incorporate atmospheric nitrogen into their proteins and nucleic acids.

Question 11

In small communities lacking municipal sewage systems,sewage is treated in septic systems or oxidation ponds.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a symbiotic pair of organisms?

Accepted Answer

A) elk and rumen bacteria 
B) orchid and mycorrhizae 
C) termites and cellulose-degrading bacteria 
D) bean plant and Rhizobium 
E) sulfur and Thiobacillus 
A) elk and rumen bacteria 
B) orchid and mycorrhizae 
C) termites and cellulose-degrading bacteria 
D) bean plant and Rhizobium 
E) sulfur and Thiobacillus

Question 13

Figure 27.1
  
-Nitrification is beneficial to farmers.It is represented by which step in Figure 27.1?

Accepted Answer

A) I 
B) II 
C) III 
D) IV 
E) V 
A) I 
B) II 
C) III 
D) IV 
E) V

Question 14

The release of phosphate-containing detergents into a river would

Accepted Answer

A) kill algae. 
B) increase algal growth. 
C) kill bacteria. 
D) improve the water quality. 
E) None of the answers is correct. 
A) kill algae. 
B) increase algal growth. 
C) kill bacteria. 
D) improve the water quality. 
E) None of the answers is correct.

Question 15

Which of the following requires aerobic conditions?

Accepted Answer

A) nitrogen fixation 
B) sludge digestion 
C) primary sewage treatment 
D) secondary sewage treatment 
E) water treatment 
A) nitrogen fixation 
B) sludge digestion 
C) primary sewage treatment 
D) secondary sewage treatment 
E) water treatment

Question 16

In the ONPG and MUG test for fecal coliforms,a sample that is positive for E.coli will be

Accepted Answer

A) positive for ONPG;fluorescent in UV light. 
B) negative for ONPG;fluorescent in UV light. 
C) positive for ONPG;non-fluorescent in UV light. 
D) negative for ONPG;non-fluorescent in UV light. 
A) positive for ONPG;fluorescent in UV light. 
B) negative for ONPG;fluorescent in UV light. 
C) positive for ONPG;non-fluorescent in UV light. 
D) negative for ONPG;non-fluorescent in UV light.

Question 17

The water from tertiary sewage treatment can be used as drinking water.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

What is the effect of discharging primary-treated sewage on the BOD and dissolved O₂ (DO)of the receiving body of water? What is the effect of secondary-treated sewage on the BOD and DO?

Accepted Answer

Discharging primary-treated sewage into

Question 19

Filtration to remove protozoa occurs in

Accepted Answer

A) anaerobic sludge digestion. 
B) primary sewage treatment. 
C) secondary sewage treatment. 
D) tertiary sewage treatment. 
E) water treatment. 
A) anaerobic sludge digestion. 
B) primary sewage treatment. 
C) secondary sewage treatment. 
D) tertiary sewage treatment. 
E) water treatment.

Question 20

Aerobic respiration occurs in

Accepted Answer

A) anaerobic sludge digestion. 
B) primary sewage treatment. 
C) secondary sewage treatment. 
D) tertiary sewage treatment. 
E) water treatment. 
A) anaerobic sludge digestion. 
B) primary sewage treatment. 
C) secondary sewage treatment. 
D) tertiary sewage treatment. 
E) water treatment.

Exam 27: Environmental Microbiology

The product of which process contains the highest BOD?

If nitrates are important in the nitrogen cycle,why are they also contaminants of the water systems?

Biochemical oxygen demand is a measure of the

Figure 27.2 -Where are photosynthetic bacteria most likely to be found in Figure 27.2?

Fill in the blanks with the most appropriate set of terms.In a(n)________ sludge digester,________ bacteria decrease organic solids by degrading them.

All of the following are habitats for extremophiles EXCEPT

NH₃ → NO₂⁻

Bioaugmentation involves

The dense growth of algae in an algal bloom leads to increased oxygen levels in lakes that enhance the habitat for fish.

What is true about the nitrogen cycle?

In small communities lacking municipal sewage systems,sewage is treated in septic systems or oxidation ponds.

Which of the following is NOT a symbiotic pair of organisms?

Figure 27.1 -Nitrification is beneficial to farmers.It is represented by which step in Figure 27.1?

The release of phosphate-containing detergents into a river would

Which of the following requires aerobic conditions?

In the ONPG and MUG test for fecal coliforms,a sample that is positive for E.coli will be

The water from tertiary sewage treatment can be used as drinking water.

What is the effect of discharging primary-treated sewage on the BOD and dissolved O₂ (DO)of the receiving body of water? What is the effect of secondary-treated sewage on the BOD and DO?

Filtration to remove protozoa occurs in

Aerobic respiration occurs in

The Microbial World and You

Chemical Principles

Observing Microorganisms Through a Microscope

Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Growth

The Control of Microbial Growth

Microbial Genetics

Biotechnology and Dna Technology

Classification of Microorganisms

The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea

The Eukaryotes: Fungi, algae, protozoa, and Helminths

Viruses,viroids,and Prions

Principles of Disease and Epidemiology

Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity

Innate Immunity: Nonspecific Defenses of the Host

Adaptive Immunity: Specific Defenses of the Host

Practical Applications of Immunology

Disorders Associated With the Immune System

Antimicrobial Drugs

Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Eyes

Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System

Microbial Diseases of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System

Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System

Microbial Diseases of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems

Applied and Industrial Microbiology

Filters

Fill in the blanks with the most appropriate set of terms.In a(n) sludge digester, bacteria decrease organic solids by degrading them.