Question 1

All of the following are true of mycorrhizae EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) they are fungi that form beneficial relationships with plants. 
B) an example is the food delicacy truffles. 
C) the arbuscular mycorrhizae are a type of ectomycorrhizae. 
D) they enable plants to absorb soil nutrients. 
E) ectomycorrhizae extend the surface area of roots for nutrient absorption. 
A) they are fungi that form beneficial relationships with plants. 
B) an example is the food delicacy truffles. 
C) the arbuscular mycorrhizae are a type of ectomycorrhizae. 
D) they enable plants to absorb soil nutrients. 
E) ectomycorrhizae extend the surface area of roots for nutrient absorption.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of fecal coliforms?

Accepted Answer

A) gram-negative 
B) non-spore forming 
C) rod-shaped 
D) lactose-fermenting 
E) pathogenic 
A) gram-negative 
B) non-spore forming 
C) rod-shaped 
D) lactose-fermenting 
E) pathogenic

Question 3

Which of the following is an assimilation process?

Accepted Answer

A) Thiobacillus: H₂S → S⁰ 
B) Desulfovibrio: SO₄²⁻ → H₂S 
C) Proteus: Sulfhydryl-containing amino acids → H₂S 
D) Redwood tree: SO₄²⁻ → Sulfhydryl groups of amino acids 
E) Photosynthetic bacteria: H₂S → S⁰ 
A) Thiobacillus: H₂S → S⁰ 
B) Desulfovibrio: SO₄²⁻ → H₂S 
C) Proteus: Sulfhydryl-containing amino acids → H₂S 
D) Redwood tree: SO₄²⁻ → Sulfhydryl groups of amino acids 
E) Photosynthetic bacteria: H₂S → S⁰

Question 4

Untreated sewage is released into a river.Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) The untreated sewage is a health hazard. 
B) The untreated sewage increases the BOD. 
C) The untreated sewage decreases the dissolved oxygen. 
D) The untreated sewage kills bacteria. 
E) All of the statements are true. 
A) The untreated sewage is a health hazard. 
B) The untreated sewage increases the BOD. 
C) The untreated sewage decreases the dissolved oxygen. 
D) The untreated sewage kills bacteria. 
E) All of the statements are true.

Question 5

Which one of the following processes in sewage treatment requires bacterial metabolism?

Accepted Answer

A) chlorination 
B) primary treatment 
C) removal of BOD 
D) sedimentation 
E) None of the answers is correct. 
A) chlorination 
B) primary treatment 
C) removal of BOD 
D) sedimentation 
E) None of the answers is correct.

Question 6

Figure 27.1
  
-Which step in Figure 27.1 represents the following reaction: amino acid (-NH₂)→ NH₃?

Accepted Answer

A) I 
B) II 
C) III 
D) IV 
E) V 
A) I 
B) II 
C) III 
D) IV 
E) V

Question 7

Zoogloea form flocculent masses in

Accepted Answer

A) anaerobic sludge digestion. 
B) primary sewage treatment. 
C) activated sludge digestion. 
D) tertiary sewage treatment. 
E) water treatment. 
A) anaerobic sludge digestion. 
B) primary sewage treatment. 
C) activated sludge digestion. 
D) tertiary sewage treatment. 
E) water treatment.

Question 8

6H₂S + 6CO₂ $\stackrel { l i g h t } { \longrightarrow }$ 6S⁰ + glucose

Accepted Answer

A) takes place under aerobic conditions. 
B) takes place under anaerobic conditions. 
C) The amount of oxygen does not make any difference. 
A) takes place under aerobic conditions. 
B) takes place under anaerobic conditions. 
C) The amount of oxygen does not make any difference.

Question 9

Which wastewater treatment process is responsible for removal of most of the BOD in sewage?

Accepted Answer

A) anaerobic sludge digestion 
B) primary sewage treatment 
C) secondary sewage treatment 
D) tertiary sewage treatment 
E) water treatment 
A) anaerobic sludge digestion 
B) primary sewage treatment 
C) secondary sewage treatment 
D) tertiary sewage treatment 
E) water treatment

Question 10

One problem related to numerous septic systems in sandy soil is that

Accepted Answer

A) the high porosity can lead to contamination of water supplies with leached chemicals or pathogens. 
B) the systems may become impaired because the effluent will not drain properly. 
C) few microbes exist in sandy soil to completely degrade the leached organic matter. 
D) grains of sand clog the systems. 
E) some human pathogens tend to multiply within a sand matrix increasing the likelihood of disease transmission. 
A) the high porosity can lead to contamination of water supplies with leached chemicals or pathogens. 
B) the systems may become impaired because the effluent will not drain properly. 
C) few microbes exist in sandy soil to completely degrade the leached organic matter. 
D) grains of sand clog the systems. 
E) some human pathogens tend to multiply within a sand matrix increasing the likelihood of disease transmission.

Question 11

Bioremediation of petroleum

Accepted Answer

A) takes place under aerobic conditions. 
B) takes place under anaerobic conditions. 
C) The amount of oxygen does not make any difference. 
A) takes place under aerobic conditions. 
B) takes place under anaerobic conditions. 
C) The amount of oxygen does not make any difference.

Question 12

Bioremediation involves the use of microbes to degrade or detoxify pollutants.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Bacteria can increase the Earth's temperature by

Accepted Answer

A) generating a great deal of heat in metabolism. 
B) producing CH₄,which is a greenhouse gas. 
C) using the greenhouse gas CO₂. 
D) providing nutrients for plant growth. 
E) oxidizing CH₄. 
A) generating a great deal of heat in metabolism. 
B) producing CH₄,which is a greenhouse gas. 
C) using the greenhouse gas CO₂. 
D) providing nutrients for plant growth. 
E) oxidizing CH₄.

Question 14

What is true about the seawater microbiota?

Accepted Answer

A) Large Archaea populations exist under the seafloor. 
B) In seawater ecosystems nitrogen is not fixed but obtained from run-off from land sources. 
C) Ocean life depends on the marine phytoplankton. 
D) Estimate places 1/3 of all life on the planet within the seafloor. 
E) Large Archaea populations exist under the seafloor and the marine phytoplankton supports all ocean life. 
A) Large Archaea populations exist under the seafloor. 
B) In seawater ecosystems nitrogen is not fixed but obtained from run-off from land sources. 
C) Ocean life depends on the marine phytoplankton. 
D) Estimate places 1/3 of all life on the planet within the seafloor. 
E) Large Archaea populations exist under the seafloor and the marine phytoplankton supports all ocean life.

Question 15

Figure 27.1
  
-Which term in Figure 27.1 describes step V?

Accepted Answer

A) ammonification 
B) denitrification 
C) dissimilation 
D) nitrification 
E) nitrogen fixation 
A) ammonification 
B) denitrification 
C) dissimilation 
D) nitrification 
E) nitrogen fixation

Question 16

Which of the following is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A) CO₂ + 4H₂ → CH₄ + 2H₂O - Methane-producing bacteria 
B) 2 NO₂⁻ + O₂→ 2 NO₃ - Nitrobacter 
C) 6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ - Clostridium 
D) N₂ + 6H⁺ → 2NH₃ - Beijerinckia 
E) SO₄²⁻ + 10H⁺ → H₂S + 4H₂O - Desulfovibrio 
A) CO₂ + 4H₂ → CH₄ + 2H₂O - Methane-producing bacteria 
B) 2 NO₂⁻ + O₂→ 2 NO₃ - Nitrobacter 
C) 6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ - Clostridium 
D) N₂ + 6H⁺ → 2NH₃ - Beijerinckia 
E) SO₄²⁻ + 10H⁺ → H₂S + 4H₂O - Desulfovibrio

Question 17

Put the stages of anaerobic sludge digestion in order I.anaerobic fermentation produces carbon dioxide and organic acids
II)methane produced from product of previous stage
III)hydrogen and carbon dioxide produced from product of previous stage

Accepted Answer

A) I,II,III 
B) II,I,III 
C) I,III,II 
D) II,III,I 
E) III,II,I 
A) I,II,III 
B) II,I,III 
C) I,III,II 
D) II,III,I 
E) III,II,I

Question 18

Which of the following do NOT fix atmospheric nitrogen?

Accepted Answer

A) cyanobacteria 
B) lichens 
C) mycorrhizae 
D) Rhizobium 
E) Azotobacter 
A) cyanobacteria 
B) lichens 
C) mycorrhizae 
D) Rhizobium 
E) Azotobacter

Question 19

Microorganisms in deep-sea vents and caves serve as autotrophic primary producers in the absence of sunlight.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The bacteriological safety of drinking water is determined by testing water samples for the presence of human pathogens.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 27: Environmental Microbiology

All of the following are true of mycorrhizae EXCEPT

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of fecal coliforms?

Which of the following is an assimilation process?

Untreated sewage is released into a river.Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Which one of the following processes in sewage treatment requires bacterial metabolism?

Figure 27.1 -Which step in Figure 27.1 represents the following reaction: amino acid (-NH₂)→ NH₃?

Zoogloea form flocculent masses in

6H₂S + 6CO₂ ⟶light\stackrel { l i g h t } { \longrightarrow }⟶light​ 6S⁰ + glucose

Which wastewater treatment process is responsible for removal of most of the BOD in sewage?

One problem related to numerous septic systems in sandy soil is that

Bioremediation of petroleum

Bioremediation involves the use of microbes to degrade or detoxify pollutants.

Bacteria can increase the Earth's temperature by

What is true about the seawater microbiota?

Figure 27.1 -Which term in Figure 27.1 describes step V?

Which of the following is mismatched?

Put the stages of anaerobic sludge digestion in order I.anaerobic fermentation produces carbon dioxide and organic acids II)methane produced from product of previous stage III)hydrogen and carbon dioxide produced from product of previous stage

Which of the following do NOT fix atmospheric nitrogen?

Microorganisms in deep-sea vents and caves serve as autotrophic primary producers in the absence of sunlight.

The bacteriological safety of drinking water is determined by testing water samples for the presence of human pathogens.

The Microbial World and You

Chemical Principles

Observing Microorganisms Through a Microscope

Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Growth

The Control of Microbial Growth

Microbial Genetics

Biotechnology and Dna Technology

Classification of Microorganisms

The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea

The Eukaryotes: Fungi, algae, protozoa, and Helminths

Viruses,viroids,and Prions

Principles of Disease and Epidemiology

Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity

Innate Immunity: Nonspecific Defenses of the Host

Adaptive Immunity: Specific Defenses of the Host

Practical Applications of Immunology

Disorders Associated With the Immune System

Antimicrobial Drugs

Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Eyes

Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System

Microbial Diseases of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System

Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System

Microbial Diseases of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems

Applied and Industrial Microbiology

Filters

6H₂S + 6CO₂ $\stackrel { l i g h t } { \longrightarrow }$ 6S⁰ + glucose