Question 1

The number of leprosy cases in the United States is around 100 reported cases each year.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Bacterial encephalitis and meningitis are difficult to treat because

Accepted Answer

A) no medications exist for treatment of these infections. 
B) antibiotics damage nervous tissue. 
C) many antibiotics cannot penetrate the blood-brain barrier. 
D) the infections move along peripheral nerves. 
E) it is very difficult to determine the causative microbe. 
A) no medications exist for treatment of these infections. 
B) antibiotics damage nervous tissue. 
C) many antibiotics cannot penetrate the blood-brain barrier. 
D) the infections move along peripheral nerves. 
E) it is very difficult to determine the causative microbe.

Question 3

Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the Salk and Sabin vaccines.

Accepted Answer

The Salk and Sabin vaccines were both de

Question 4

A one-year-old boy was listless,irritable,and sleepy.Encapsulated Gram-negative rods were cultured from his cerebrospinal fluid.His symptoms were caused by

Accepted Answer

A) Neisseria meningitidis. 
B) rabies. 
C) Clostridium tetani. 
D) Haemophilus influenzae. 
E) a prion. 
A) Neisseria meningitidis. 
B) rabies. 
C) Clostridium tetani. 
D) Haemophilus influenzae. 
E) a prion.

Question 5

Encephalitis is more common in the summer months because

Accepted Answer

A) pathogens are present in swimming pools and lakes. 
B) ameba populations increase in swimming pools. 
C) ticks are encountered while hiking in the woods. 
D) mosquito populations increase. 
E) people encounter more bats during warm summer evenings. 
A) pathogens are present in swimming pools and lakes. 
B) ameba populations increase in swimming pools. 
C) ticks are encountered while hiking in the woods. 
D) mosquito populations increase. 
E) people encounter more bats during warm summer evenings.

Question 6

Which one of the following statements about West Nile virus is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) The disease is maintained in a horse-human-horse cycle. 
B) The disease is maintained in a bird-mosquito-bird cycle. 
C) Most human cases are subclinical or mild. 
D) The disease caused by the virus can sometimes cause a fatal encephalitis. 
E) The virus was introduced to the United States in 1999 in the New York City area. 
A) The disease is maintained in a horse-human-horse cycle. 
B) The disease is maintained in a bird-mosquito-bird cycle. 
C) Most human cases are subclinical or mild. 
D) The disease caused by the virus can sometimes cause a fatal encephalitis. 
E) The virus was introduced to the United States in 1999 in the New York City area.

Question 7

Which of the following vaccines can cause the disease it is designed to prevent?

Accepted Answer

A) tetanus toxoid vaccine 
B) oral polio vaccine 
C) inactivated polio vaccine 
D) Haemophilus influenzae capsule vaccine 
E) meningococcal capsule vaccine 
A) tetanus toxoid vaccine 
B) oral polio vaccine 
C) inactivated polio vaccine 
D) Haemophilus influenzae capsule vaccine 
E) meningococcal capsule vaccine

Question 8

Naegleria fowleri meningoencephalitis is commonly acquired by

Accepted Answer

A) exposure to bird droppings. 
B) mosquito bites. 
C) swimming in warm ponds or streams. 
D) ingestion of water contaminated with fecal material. 
E) exposure to body fluids of a contaminated individual. 
A) exposure to bird droppings. 
B) mosquito bites. 
C) swimming in warm ponds or streams. 
D) ingestion of water contaminated with fecal material. 
E) exposure to body fluids of a contaminated individual.

Question 9

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A) leprosy - direct contact 
B) poliomyelitis - respiratory route 
C) meningococcal meningitis - respiratory route 
D) rabies - direct contact 
E) listeriosis - ingestion 
A) leprosy - direct contact 
B) poliomyelitis - respiratory route 
C) meningococcal meningitis - respiratory route 
D) rabies - direct contact 
E) listeriosis - ingestion

Question 10

Poliomyelitis is caused by a virus and usually leads to paralysis in those affected.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Which of the following vaccine characteristics is (are)mismatched with their respective vaccine type?

Accepted Answer

A) 1,3,and 5 
B) 4,5,and 6 
C) 1 and 3 only 
D) 2 only 
E) None of the answers are correct;all these characteristics are correctly matched. 
A) 1,3,and 5 
B) 4,5,and 6 
C) 1 and 3 only 
D) 2 only 
E) None of the answers are correct;all these characteristics are correctly matched.

Question 12

Patients with leprosy usually die from complications such as

Accepted Answer

A) brain damage. 
B) loss of nerve function. 
C) tuberculosis. 
D) pneumonia. 
E) cardiac arrest. 
A) brain damage. 
B) loss of nerve function. 
C) tuberculosis. 
D) pneumonia. 
E) cardiac arrest.

Question 13

Explain the transmission and etiology of meningococcal meningitis.

Accepted Answer

Meningococcal meningitis is caused by th

Question 14

All of the following are true of poliomyelitis EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) infection is due to ingestion of contaminated water. 
B) initial sites of viral replication are the throat and small intestine. 
C) most cases result in muscle paralysis. 
D) the majority of cases are asymptomatic. 
E) the oral polio vaccine contains attenuated strains of the virus. 
A) infection is due to ingestion of contaminated water. 
B) initial sites of viral replication are the throat and small intestine. 
C) most cases result in muscle paralysis. 
D) the majority of cases are asymptomatic. 
E) the oral polio vaccine contains attenuated strains of the virus.

Question 15

Initial treatment for tetanus in an unimmunized person with a puncture wound is

Accepted Answer

A) tetanus toxoid. 
B) tetanus immune globulin. 
C) penicillin. 
D) none;no action is necessary. 
E) debridement. 
A) tetanus toxoid. 
B) tetanus immune globulin. 
C) penicillin. 
D) none;no action is necessary. 
E) debridement.

Question 16

The symptoms of tetanus are due to

Accepted Answer

A) endospore formation. 
B) systemic infection. 
C) sustained relaxation of muscles. 
D) tetanospasmin. 
E) inflammation. 
A) endospore formation. 
B) systemic infection. 
C) sustained relaxation of muscles. 
D) tetanospasmin. 
E) inflammation.

Question 17

Each of the following is caused by prions EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) sheep scrapie. 
B) kuru. 
C) Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. 
D) bovine spongiform encephalopathy. 
E) rabies. 
A) sheep scrapie. 
B) kuru. 
C) Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. 
D) bovine spongiform encephalopathy. 
E) rabies.

Question 18

Bacterial meningitis is much more common than viral meningitis and tends to cause a milder form of disease.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The prodromal (i.e.,pre-acute disease stage)symptoms of bacterial meningitis are

Accepted Answer

A) mild cold symptoms. 
B) fever and headache. 
C) stiff neck and back pains. 
D) convulsions. 
E) fever,headache,and stiff neck. 
A) mild cold symptoms. 
B) fever and headache. 
C) stiff neck and back pains. 
D) convulsions. 
E) fever,headache,and stiff neck.

Question 20

A 30-year-old woman was hospitalized after she experienced convulsions.On examination,she was alert and oriented and complained of a fever,headache,and stiff neck.Any of the following organisms could be responsible for her symptoms EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) Clostridium botulinum. 
B) Listeria monocytogenes. 
C) Haemophilus influenza. 
D) Streptococcus pneumoniae. 
E) Any of these organisms could be the causative agent. 
A) Clostridium botulinum. 
B) Listeria monocytogenes. 
C) Haemophilus influenza. 
D) Streptococcus pneumoniae. 
E) Any of these organisms could be the causative agent.

Exam 22: Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System

The number of leprosy cases in the United States is around 100 reported cases each year.

Bacterial encephalitis and meningitis are difficult to treat because

Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the Salk and Sabin vaccines.

A one-year-old boy was listless,irritable,and sleepy.Encapsulated Gram-negative rods were cultured from his cerebrospinal fluid.His symptoms were caused by

Encephalitis is more common in the summer months because

Which one of the following statements about West Nile virus is FALSE?

Which of the following vaccines can cause the disease it is designed to prevent?

Naegleria fowleri meningoencephalitis is commonly acquired by

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

Poliomyelitis is caused by a virus and usually leads to paralysis in those affected.

Which of the following vaccine characteristics is (are)mismatched with their respective vaccine type?

Patients with leprosy usually die from complications such as

Explain the transmission and etiology of meningococcal meningitis.

All of the following are true of poliomyelitis EXCEPT

Initial treatment for tetanus in an unimmunized person with a puncture wound is

The symptoms of tetanus are due to

Each of the following is caused by prions EXCEPT

Bacterial meningitis is much more common than viral meningitis and tends to cause a milder form of disease.

The prodromal (i.e.,pre-acute disease stage)symptoms of bacterial meningitis are

A 30-year-old woman was hospitalized after she experienced convulsions.On examination,she was alert and oriented and complained of a fever,headache,and stiff neck.Any of the following organisms could be responsible for her symptoms EXCEPT

The Microbial World and You

Chemical Principles

Observing Microorganisms Through a Microscope

Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Growth

The Control of Microbial Growth

Microbial Genetics

Biotechnology and Dna Technology

Classification of Microorganisms

The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea

The Eukaryotes: Fungi, algae, protozoa, and Helminths

Viruses,viroids,and Prions

Principles of Disease and Epidemiology

Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity

Innate Immunity: Nonspecific Defenses of the Host

Adaptive Immunity: Specific Defenses of the Host

Practical Applications of Immunology

Disorders Associated With the Immune System

Antimicrobial Drugs

Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Eyes

Microbial Diseases of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System

Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System

Microbial Diseases of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems

Environmental Microbiology

Applied and Industrial Microbiology

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