Exam 13: Game Theory and Strategic Play

Scenario: The following payoff matrix represents a simultaneous-move game between two players: Dan and Jessa. Each player has two choices: Strategy X or Strategy Y. The first number in each cell is the payoff to Dan, and the second number is the payoff to Jessa. -Refer to the scenario above.If Dan and Jessa both choose Y,________.

The following payoff matrix represents a simultaneous-move game between two players: John and Trevor. Each player has to choices: Black or White. The first number in each cell is the payoff to John, and the second number is the payoff to Trevor. -Refer to the table above.What is the equilibrium of this game?

Scenario: Suppose two soda brands, Mountain Dew and Mello Yello, are trying to decide whether to launch advertising campaigns for their respective products. These decisions will be taken simultaneously, the brands will not be cooperating, and we will assume each brand's strategist knows her own and her opponent's payoffs in all cases. The payoff matrix for this game is shown below. -Refer to the scenario above.If both brands choose to advertise,their respective payoffs are ________.

Scenario: Two firms in a market sell identical goods and charge a price of $5 per unit. However, the cost of a crucial input used in producing these goods has increased. As a result, both firms are considering increasing the price of the good to $6. If the firms do not raise their prices at the same time, the firm that raises the price stands to lose market share. The payoff matrix shows the respective payoffs on the basis of the prices charged by each firm. Here, payoffs denote the number of units sold by each firm. The first number listed in each cell is the payoff to the row player, and the second number listed is the payoff to the column player. -Refer to the scenario above.The best approach to play this game is to use ________.

Scenario: Suppose two soda brands, Mountain Dew and Mello Yello, are trying to decide whether to launch advertising campaigns for their respective products. These decisions will be taken simultaneously, the brands will not be cooperating, and we will assume each brand's strategist knows her own and her opponent's payoffs in all cases. The payoff matrix for this game is shown below. -Refer to the scenario above.Is there a dominant strategy equilibrium?

The following figure depicts four simultaneous-move games. The first element of each payoff cell is the payoff to Player A, and the second element is the payoff to Player B. -Refer to the figure above.In which of these simultaneous-move games,do both players A and B have a dominant strategy?

Scenario: Jack and Jill have gone cycling and have come to a place where the road is obstructed by a fallen tree. They can move the tree if both of them try. If neither of them tries, they have to turn back and reach home very late. However, if one of them tries while the other does not help, the one who tries will have a muscle sprain and will not be able to move the tree. The matrix below shows the utility each player derives in each situation. The first number listed in each cell is the payoff to the row player, and the second number listed is the payoff to the column player. -Refer to the scenario above.Jack and Jill will derive maximum utility if ________.

Scenario: Your friend Joe and you decide to race your new cars. However, both of you are caught speeding by a police patrol. The matrix below shows the respective payoffs for each choice of actions. The first number listed in each cell is the payoff to the row player, and the second number listed is the payoff to the column player. -Refer to the scenario above.Which of the following strategy combinations denotes the dominant strategy equilibrium in this case?

Scenario: Your friend Joe and you decide to race your new cars. However, both of you are caught speeding by a police patrol. The matrix below shows the respective payoffs for each choice of actions. The first number listed in each cell is the payoff to the row player, and the second number listed is the payoff to the column player. -Refer to the scenario above.Suppose a new legislative policy decreases the fine for speeding to $50.This reduction in the fine to $50 ________.

Scenario: Rita and Mike have been caught cheating on an examination. They are taken to separate rooms for interrogation. Their payoff matrix is given below. The first outcome listed in each cell is the payoff to the row player, and the second outcome listed is the payoff to the column player. -Refer to the scenario above.Which of the following is true?

Differentiate between an extensive-form game and a simultaneous-move game.

Scenario: Miguel and Stephanie are competitors who sell tacos out of their food trucks by the same beach. For each taco they sell, they get a profit of $1.00. Each morning they must decide at which of the three legally permitted locations, A, B, or C, they should park their trucks. The picture below shows the three locations. In each of the three locations, there are 100 customers per day, and each customer buys a taco from the nearest vendor. If the two trucks are in the same location, then each vendor gets half of the customers. So, for example, if Miguel's truck is in location A, and Stephanie's is also in location A, then half of customers from locations A, B, and C will buy from Miguel's and the other half will buy from Stephanie's, so that each gets a profit of $150. If Miguel's truck is in location A and Stephanie's is in location B, then everyone in location A will buy from Miguel and everyone from locations B and C will buy from Stephanie, so that Miguel's profit is $100 while Stephanie's is $200. If Miguel's truck is in location A and Stephanie's is in location C, then everyone in A plus a half from B will buy from Miguel, and everyone in C plus half from B will buy from Stephanie so that each vendor gets a profit of $150, and so on. The table below is the payoff matrix for this game. The first number in each cell is Miguel's profit, and the second number is Stephanie's profit. -Refer to the scenario above.Does Stephanie have a dominant strategy?

A ________ is an extensive-form representation of a game.

Scenario: The following payoff matrix represents a simultaneous-move game between two players: Kay and Jack. Each player has two choices: Black or White. The first number in each cell is the payoff to Kay, and the second number is the payoff to Jack. -Refer to the scenario above.Which is true?

Scenario: The following payoff matrix represents a simultaneous-move game between two players: Dan and Jessa. Each player has two choices: Strategy X or Strategy Y. The first number in each cell is the payoff to Dan, and the second number is the payoff to Jessa. -Refer to the scenario above.Which statement is true?

A player has a dominant strategy when ________.

The following figure depicts four simultaneous-move games. The first element of each payoff cell is the payoff to Player A. The other element is the payoff to Player B. -Refer to the figure above.In which one of these simultaneous-play games are there two Nash equilibria?

Scenario: Two factories dump their waste in a river. This has led to the contamination of the water, which is also used by the factories in their production processes. The matrix below shows the profits of the two firms based on their respective decisions to dump their waste in the river. Note that each firm's choice affects the other firm's profit. The first number listed in each cell is the payoff to the row player, and the second number listed is the payoff to the column player. -Refer to the scenario above.Which of the following is true?

A best response is ________.

________ helps an individual make economic decisions when the individual's behavior determines the payoffs to others.