Exam 13: Body Composition Assessment

The reference man and reference woman have similar percentages of storage fat-approximately 12% of body mass in men and 15% in women.

American constitutionalist psychologist described body shape (called somatotyping) from nude photographs by placing a person into one of three categories-thin, muscular, or fat-but his work was later criticized for attempting to identify superior and inferior human physiques tied to personality and intellectual pursuits.

Measuring skinfold thickness requires grasping a fold of skin and __________ firmly with the thumb and forefingers and pulling it away from the underlying lean tissue.

The fat-free body mass (FFM) for Japanese elite sumo (rikishi) wrestlers averages 109 kilograms, making these supersized competitors share the distinction of being among the world's largest athletes, similar to some American professional football players who weigh 227 kilograms.

Developed the concept of BMI to explain observations of the Belgian population in the 1850s that body mass increased relative to stature squared.

Least valid method to assess body composition

Male and female competitive swimmers generally have more body fat than distance runners.

On average, professional football players have __________.

Somatotyping describes body shape by placing a person into a convenient category of thin, obese, or muscular.

According to legend, Archimedes', Greek mathematician, engineer, researcher, and inventor, reasoned that a substance such as gold must have a volume equal to its mass; measuring the body mass of an irregularly shaped object would require submersion in water and determining the water's overflow volume.

The triathlon combines continuous endurance physical activity in a five mile swim, 100 mile bicycle ride, and 22.6 mile run.

Successful weightlifters of all races (compared with other athletic groups) have relatively short arms and legs for their stature.

University of Minnesota physiologist Ancel Keys conducted one of the classic nutrition experiments sponsored by the U.S. Army on body wasting and physiologic functioning ever conducted. Keys studied conscientious objectors or pacifists to military service who voluntarily reduced their body fat stores substantially through semistarvation during a year-long nutritional experiment near the end of World War II.

__________ consists of the fat stored within the marrow of bones, internal organs, muscles, and tissues of the central nervous system.

Storage fat includes visceral fatty tissues that protect thoracic and abdominal organs and a larger subcutaneous fat tissue volume accumulated beneath the skin's surface.

Obesity defined by the BMI for six heights ranging from 5 feet 6 inches to 6 feet 3 inches

The prime components for the highest level of performance blend a genetically optimal physique profile with a lean body composition, a highly developed aerobic system, and proper psychological attitude for prolonged, intensive training.

Delayed onset of menarche in chronically active young women confers health benefits related to __________.

In terms of ethnicity and gender, significantly more black, Mexican, Cuban, and Puerto Rican men and women classify as overweight compared with white counterparts.

Body mass index: