Exam 7: Making Informed and Healthful Nutritional

To regularly consume a healthful diet requires a lifetime of deprivation and misery.

Vitamins synthesized in a laboratory are more effective for bodily functions than vitamins from natural sources.

The __________ provides a general appraisal of the "healthfulness" of one's diet and gives a score based on a composite of the eight food- and nutrient-based recommendations of the National Academy of Sciences.

The MyPlate guidelines build on the messages of the __________.

It takes about 3 hours to replenish muscle glycogen levels after prolonged exhaustive exercise.

Elevated aerobic exercise metabolism increases the production of free radicals.

It is recommended that vegetarians increase protein intake by 10% to adjust for less efficient digestion of plant protein.

These chemicals, produced at a greater rate during aerobic exercise than at rest, can cause damage to the cells' plasma membrane and intracellular structures.

Vigorous exercise triggers a rapid and coordinated release of __________ to minimize sodium and water loss through the kidneys.

A potential problem with MyPlate is __________.

According to the American Heart Association, men should maintain a waistline of 45 inches or less and women should maintain a waistline 35 inches or less.

The body absorbs simple amino acid molecules more readily than more complex di- and tripeptide molecules.

Regular periods of exhaustive exercise enhance the body's immune function.

Daily supplements of 500 to 1500 milligrams of vitamin D per day may confer some benefit to individuals engaged in strenuous exercise who experience frequent viral infections.

For the typical Western diet, it is recommended to __________ the intake of certain foods to achieve a balanced diet.

Physically active adults should generally consume diets similar to sedentary adults with the exception of __________.

In the typical American diet, __________ foods are common.

To promote good health, lipid intake should exceed 40% of the diet's energy content.

There has been a surprising rise in eating disorders among __________ young women.

Supplementing with vitamin D may confer some benefit to individuals engaged in intense exercise and to those who have problems with frequent viral upper respiratory tract infections.