Question 1

How does chemical peritonitis and shock frequently result from acute pancreatitis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Inflammation and increased vascular permeability of the peritoneum affect fluid balance. 
B)  Erosion in the intestinal wall causes release of bacteria. 
C)  Fat necrosis and hypocalcemia develop. 
D)  Secretions from the pancreas and intestine become more acidic. 
A)  Inflammation and increased vascular permeability of the peritoneum affect fluid balance. 
B)  Erosion in the intestinal wall causes release of bacteria. 
C)  Fat necrosis and hypocalcemia develop. 
D)  Secretions from the pancreas and intestine become more acidic.

Question 2

What pain is typical of diverticulitis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lower left quadrant 
B)  Lower right quadrant 
C)  Sharp, colicky, periumbilical 
D)  Lower abdominal pain, radiating into the groin 
A)  Lower left quadrant 
B)  Lower right quadrant 
C)  Sharp, colicky, periumbilical 
D)  Lower abdominal pain, radiating into the groin

Question 3

Malnutrition may develop in children with celiac disease because of:

Accepted Answer

A)  damage to the intestinal villi. 
B)  obstruction in the pancreatic ducts. 
C)  acidosis, preventing activation of digestive enzymes. 
D)  insufficient bile for absorption. 
A)  damage to the intestinal villi. 
B)  obstruction in the pancreatic ducts. 
C)  acidosis, preventing activation of digestive enzymes. 
D)  insufficient bile for absorption.

Question 4

Which of the following best describes steatorrhea?

Accepted Answer

A)  A light gray-colored stool 
B)  A tarry black stool 
C)  Bulky, fatty, foul-smelling stools 
D)  Watery stools with mucus and blood 
A)  A light gray-colored stool 
B)  A tarry black stool 
C)  Bulky, fatty, foul-smelling stools 
D)  Watery stools with mucus and blood

Question 5

Yellow or greenish stained vomitus usually indicates the presence of:

Accepted Answer

A)  bile. 
B)  blood. 
C)  protein. 
D)  bacteria. 
A)  bile. 
B)  blood. 
C)  protein. 
D)  bacteria.

Question 6

Which of the following is the primary site for absorption of nutrients?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stomach 
B)  Duodenum 
C)  Ileum 
D)  Ascending colon 
A)  Stomach 
B)  Duodenum 
C)  Ileum 
D)  Ascending colon

Question 7

What does the defecation reflex require?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stimulation by the sympathetic nervous system 
B)  Contraction of the internal anal sphincter 
C)  Coordination through the sacral spinal cord 
D)  Voluntary relaxation of pelvic muscles 
A)  Stimulation by the sympathetic nervous system 
B)  Contraction of the internal anal sphincter 
C)  Coordination through the sacral spinal cord 
D)  Voluntary relaxation of pelvic muscles

Question 8

Which type(s) of hepatitis increase(s) the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma?

Accepted Answer

A)  HBV 
B)  HCV 
C)  HBV and HCV 
D)  Neither HBV nor HCV 
A)  HBV 
B)  HCV 
C)  HBV and HCV 
D)  Neither HBV nor HCV

Question 9

What is a common sign of acute gastritis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Colicky right upper quadrant pain 
B)  Vomiting and anorexia 
C)  Projectile vomiting after eating 
D)  Diarrhea with abdominal distention 
A)  Colicky right upper quadrant pain 
B)  Vomiting and anorexia 
C)  Projectile vomiting after eating 
D)  Diarrhea with abdominal distention

Question 10

Which type of hepatitis virus requires the presence of hepatitis B virus so as to replicate?

Accepted Answer

A)  HAV 
B)  HCV 
C)  HDV 
D)  HEV 
A)  HAV 
B)  HCV 
C)  HDV 
D)  HEV

Question 11

Which of the following applies to hepatitis A infection?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is also called serum hepatitis. 
B)  It is transmitted by the fecal-oral route. 
C)  It contains a double strand of DNA. 
D)  It frequently leads to chronic hepatitis. 
A)  It is also called serum hepatitis. 
B)  It is transmitted by the fecal-oral route. 
C)  It contains a double strand of DNA. 
D)  It frequently leads to chronic hepatitis.

Question 12

Which of the following is a typical indicator of an intestinal obstruction caused by paralytic ileus?

Accepted Answer

A)  Excessive audible bowel sounds 
B)  Intermittent colicky pain 
C)  Severe steady abdominal pain 
D)  Visible peristalsis 
A)  Excessive audible bowel sounds 
B)  Intermittent colicky pain 
C)  Severe steady abdominal pain 
D)  Visible peristalsis

Question 13

What indicates the presence of third-stage alcohol hepatitis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Below normal blood levels of AST and ALT 
B)  Upper left quadrant tenderness and dull pain 
C)  A small, firm, nodular liver and portal hypertension 
D)  Decreased production of blood clotting factors 
A)  Below normal blood levels of AST and ALT 
B)  Upper left quadrant tenderness and dull pain 
C)  A small, firm, nodular liver and portal hypertension 
D)  Decreased production of blood clotting factors

Question 14

When a portion of the proximal stomach and the paraesophageal junction move above the diaphragm, this is called a:

Accepted Answer

A)  dysphagia. 
B)  rolling hernia. 
C)  sliding hernia. 
D)  pyloric stenosis. 
A)  dysphagia. 
B)  rolling hernia. 
C)  sliding hernia. 
D)  pyloric stenosis.

Question 15

Normally, proteins or amino acids are required to produce all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  peptide hormones. 
B)  clotting factors and antibodies. 
C)  cellular energy. 
D)  hemoglobin. 
A)  peptide hormones. 
B)  clotting factors and antibodies. 
C)  cellular energy. 
D)  hemoglobin.

Question 16

"A gluten-free diet as required" for the client with celiac disease means avoiding:

Accepted Answer

A)  products containing lactose. 
B)  any trans-fat. 
C)  certain grains. 
D)  proteins containing certain amino acids. 
A)  products containing lactose. 
B)  any trans-fat. 
C)  certain grains. 
D)  proteins containing certain amino acids.

Question 17

What causes the characteristic rigid abdomen found in the patient with peritonitis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased fluid and gas, causing abdominal distention 
B)  Inflammation of the peritoneum and organs, causing a firm mass in the abdomen 
C)  Inflamed peritoneum, resulting in reflex abdominal muscle spasm 
D)  Voluntary contraction of the abdominal muscles as a protective mechanism 
A)  Increased fluid and gas, causing abdominal distention 
B)  Inflammation of the peritoneum and organs, causing a firm mass in the abdomen 
C)  Inflamed peritoneum, resulting in reflex abdominal muscle spasm 
D)  Voluntary contraction of the abdominal muscles as a protective mechanism

Question 18

Why does herpes simplex infection tend to recur?

Accepted Answer

A)  Active infection is usually asymptomatic. 
B)  The virus builds up a resistance. 
C)  The virus persists in latent form in sensory nerve ganglia. 
D)  The virus mutates; therefore, no effective immunity develops. 
A)  Active infection is usually asymptomatic. 
B)  The virus builds up a resistance. 
C)  The virus persists in latent form in sensory nerve ganglia. 
D)  The virus mutates; therefore, no effective immunity develops.

Question 19

In which structure is oxygenated blood (arterial) mixed with unoxygenated blood (venous) so as to support the functions of the structure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pancreas 
B)  Liver 
C)  Small intestine 
D)  Spleen 
A)  Pancreas 
B)  Liver 
C)  Small intestine 
D)  Spleen

Question 20

Severe vomiting can lead to metabolic acidosis because of increased:

Accepted Answer

A)  ketones produced. 
B)  CO2 retained in the lungs and kidneys. 
C)  hypovolemia and lactic acid production. 
D)  metabolic rate. 
A)  ketones produced. 
B)  CO2 retained in the lungs and kidneys. 
C)  hypovolemia and lactic acid production. 
D)  metabolic rate.

Exam 17: Digestive System Disorders

How does chemical peritonitis and shock frequently result from acute pancreatitis?

What pain is typical of diverticulitis?

Malnutrition may develop in children with celiac disease because of:

Which of the following best describes steatorrhea?

Yellow or greenish stained vomitus usually indicates the presence of:

Which of the following is the primary site for absorption of nutrients?

What does the defecation reflex require?

Which type(s) of hepatitis increase(s) the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma?

What is a common sign of acute gastritis?

Which type of hepatitis virus requires the presence of hepatitis B virus so as to replicate?

Which of the following applies to hepatitis A infection?

Which of the following is a typical indicator of an intestinal obstruction caused by paralytic ileus?

What indicates the presence of third-stage alcohol hepatitis?

When a portion of the proximal stomach and the paraesophageal junction move above the diaphragm, this is called a:

Normally, proteins or amino acids are required to produce all of the following EXCEPT:

"A gluten-free diet as required" for the client with celiac disease means avoiding:

What causes the characteristic rigid abdomen found in the patient with peritonitis?

Why does herpes simplex infection tend to recur?

In which structure is oxygenated blood (arterial) mixed with unoxygenated blood (venous) so as to support the functions of the structure?

Severe vomiting can lead to metabolic acidosis because of increased:

Introduction to Pathophysiology

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Imbalances

Introduction to Basic Pharmacology and Other Common Therapies

Pain

Inflammation and Healing

Infection

Immunity

Skin Disorders

Musculoskeletal Disorders

Blood and Circulatory System Disorders

Lymphatic System Disorders

Cardiovascular System Disorders

Respiratory System Disorders

Neurological Disorders

Disorders of the Eye, Ear, and Other Sensory Organs

Endocrine System Disorders

Urinary System Disorders

Reproductive System Disorders

Neoplasms and Cancer

Congenital and Genetic Disorders

Complications due to Pregnancy

Complications due to Adolescence

Complications due to Aging

Immobility and Associated Problems

Stress and Associated Problems

Substance Abuse and Associated Problems

Environmental Hazards and Associated Problems

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