Question 1

What are the two types of bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vascular and nonvascular 
B)  Spongy and calcified 
C)  Compact and cancellous 
D)  Dense and pliable 
A)  Vascular and nonvascular 
B)  Spongy and calcified 
C)  Compact and cancellous 
D)  Dense and pliable C

Question 2

What is the distinguishing feature of primary fibromyalgia syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A)  Joint pain and stiffness throughout the body 
B)  Degeneration and atrophy of skeletal muscles in back and lower limbs 
C)  Localized areas of constant pain 
D)  Specific trigger points for pain and tenderness 
A)  Joint pain and stiffness throughout the body 
B)  Degeneration and atrophy of skeletal muscles in back and lower limbs 
C)  Localized areas of constant pain 
D)  Specific trigger points for pain and tenderness D

Question 3

A sprain is a tear in a:

Accepted Answer

A)  ligament. 
B)  tendon. 
C)  skeletal muscle. 
D)  meniscus. 
A)  ligament. 
B)  tendon. 
C)  skeletal muscle. 
D)  meniscus. A

Question 4

Paget's disease often leads to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  A reduction in bone fractures 
B)  Decreased intracranial pressure 
C)  Cardiovascular disease 
D)  Disintegration of joint cartilage 
A)  A reduction in bone fractures 
B)  Decreased intracranial pressure 
C)  Cardiovascular disease 
D)  Disintegration of joint cartilage

Question 5

Which of the following may precipitate an attack of gout?

Accepted Answer

A)  A sudden increase in serum uric acid levels 
B)  Severe hypercalcemia 
C)  Mild trauma to the toes 
D)  Development of a tophus 
A)  A sudden increase in serum uric acid levels 
B)  Severe hypercalcemia 
C)  Mild trauma to the toes 
D)  Development of a tophus

Question 6

Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) differs from the adult form in that:

Accepted Answer

A)  only small joints are affected. 
B)  rheumatoid factor is not present in JRA, but systemic effects are more severe. 
C)  onset is more insidious in JRA. 
D)  deformity and loss of function occur in most children with JRA. 
A)  only small joints are affected. 
B)  rheumatoid factor is not present in JRA, but systemic effects are more severe. 
C)  onset is more insidious in JRA. 
D)  deformity and loss of function occur in most children with JRA.

Question 7

Which of the following statements does NOT apply to osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bone resorption is greater than bone formation. 
B)  It causes compression fractures of the vertebrae. 
C)  Osteoporosis is always a primary disorder. 
D)  It often leads to kyphosis and loss of height. 
A)  Bone resorption is greater than bone formation. 
B)  It causes compression fractures of the vertebrae. 
C)  Osteoporosis is always a primary disorder. 
D)  It often leads to kyphosis and loss of height.

Question 8

When a fracture is healing, the procallus or fibrocartilaginous callus:

Accepted Answer

A)  can bear weight. 
B)  serves as a splint across the fracture site. 
C)  is the tissue that lays down new cartilage. 
D)  is made up of new bone. 
A)  can bear weight. 
B)  serves as a splint across the fracture site. 
C)  is the tissue that lays down new cartilage. 
D)  is made up of new bone.

Question 9

Which of the following describes a Colles' fracture?

Accepted Answer

A)  The distal radius is broken. 
B)  The distal fibula is broken. 
C)  A vertebra appears crushed. 
D)  A spontaneous fracture occurs in weakened bone. 
A)  The distal radius is broken. 
B)  The distal fibula is broken. 
C)  A vertebra appears crushed. 
D)  A spontaneous fracture occurs in weakened bone.

Question 10

Which of the following is characteristic of osteoarthritis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Inflammation and fibrosis develop at the joints. 
B)  Degeneration of articulating cartilage occurs in the large joints. 
C)  It progresses bilaterally through the small joints. 
D)  There are no changes in the bone at the affected joints. 
A)  Inflammation and fibrosis develop at the joints. 
B)  Degeneration of articulating cartilage occurs in the large joints. 
C)  It progresses bilaterally through the small joints. 
D)  There are no changes in the bone at the affected joints.

Question 11

Ewing's sarcoma metastasizes at an early stage to the:

Accepted Answer

A)  brain. 
B)  liver. 
C)  lungs. 
D)  other bones. 
A)  brain. 
B)  liver. 
C)  lungs. 
D)  other bones.

Question 12

The inflammation surrounding a fracture site during the first few days may complicate healing by causing:

Accepted Answer

A)  excessive bone movement. 
B)  severe ischemia and tissue necrosis. 
C)  malunion or nonunion. 
D)  fat emboli to form. 
A)  excessive bone movement. 
B)  severe ischemia and tissue necrosis. 
C)  malunion or nonunion. 
D)  fat emboli to form.

Question 13

During the fracture healing process, the hematoma:

Accepted Answer

A)  is broken down and absorbed immediately. 
B)  provides the base for bone cells to produce new bone. 
C)  is the structure into which granulation tissue grows. 
D)  produces fibroblasts to lay down new cartilage. 
A)  is broken down and absorbed immediately. 
B)  provides the base for bone cells to produce new bone. 
C)  is the structure into which granulation tissue grows. 
D)  produces fibroblasts to lay down new cartilage.

Question 14

A diagnostic test that measures the electrical charge of muscle contraction and can help differentiate muscle disorders from neurological disease is a/an:

Accepted Answer

A)  electromyogram. 
B)  arthroscopy. 
C)  radiograph. 
D)  electroencephalograph. 
A)  electromyogram. 
B)  arthroscopy. 
C)  radiograph. 
D)  electroencephalograph.

Question 15

Systemic effects of rheumatoid arthritis are manifested as:

Accepted Answer

A)  nodules in various tissues, severe fatigue, and anorexia. 
B)  headache, leukopenia, and high fever. 
C)  swelling and dysfunction in many organs. 
D)  progressive damage to a joint. 
A)  nodules in various tissues, severe fatigue, and anorexia. 
B)  headache, leukopenia, and high fever. 
C)  swelling and dysfunction in many organs. 
D)  progressive damage to a joint.

Question 16

Ankylosis and deformity develop in rheumatoid arthritis because:

Accepted Answer

A)  skeletal muscle hypertrophies. 
B)  fibrosis occurs in the joint. 
C)  replacement cartilage changes alignment. 
D)  ligaments and tendons shorten. 
A)  skeletal muscle hypertrophies. 
B)  fibrosis occurs in the joint. 
C)  replacement cartilage changes alignment. 
D)  ligaments and tendons shorten.

Question 17

Which statement applies to menisci?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are found in the hip joints. 
B)  They are secretory membranes in joints. 
C)  They prevent excessive movement of joints. 
D)  They are found in the shoulder joint. 
A)  They are found in the hip joints. 
B)  They are secretory membranes in joints. 
C)  They prevent excessive movement of joints. 
D)  They are found in the shoulder joint.

Question 18

What is the basic pathology of rheumatoid arthritis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Degenerative disorder involving the small joints 
B)  Chronic inflammatory disorder affecting all joints 
C)  Systemic inflammatory disorder due to an autoimmune reaction 
D)  Inflammatory disorder causing damage to many organs 
A)  Degenerative disorder involving the small joints 
B)  Chronic inflammatory disorder affecting all joints 
C)  Systemic inflammatory disorder due to an autoimmune reaction 
D)  Inflammatory disorder causing damage to many organs

Question 19

What is the chemical transmitter released at the neuromuscular junction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Norepinephrine 
B)  GABA 
C)  Serotonin 
D)  Acetylcholine 
A)  Norepinephrine 
B)  GABA 
C)  Serotonin 
D)  Acetylcholine

Question 20

Which of the following cells produce new bone?

Accepted Answer

A)  Osteocytes 
B)  Osteoblasts 
C)  Osteoclasts 
D)  Stem cells from the bone marrow 
A)  Osteocytes 
B)  Osteoblasts 
C)  Osteoclasts 
D)  Stem cells from the bone marrow

Exam 9: Musculoskeletal Disorders

What are the two types of bone tissue?

What is the distinguishing feature of primary fibromyalgia syndrome?

A sprain is a tear in a:

Paget's disease often leads to which of the following?

Which of the following may precipitate an attack of gout?

Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) differs from the adult form in that:

Which of the following statements does NOT apply to osteoporosis?

When a fracture is healing, the procallus or fibrocartilaginous callus:

Which of the following describes a Colles' fracture?

Which of the following is characteristic of osteoarthritis?

Ewing's sarcoma metastasizes at an early stage to the:

The inflammation surrounding a fracture site during the first few days may complicate healing by causing:

During the fracture healing process, the hematoma:

A diagnostic test that measures the electrical charge of muscle contraction and can help differentiate muscle disorders from neurological disease is a/an:

Systemic effects of rheumatoid arthritis are manifested as:

Ankylosis and deformity develop in rheumatoid arthritis because:

Which statement applies to menisci?

What is the basic pathology of rheumatoid arthritis?

What is the chemical transmitter released at the neuromuscular junction?

Which of the following cells produce new bone?

Introduction to Pathophysiology

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Imbalances

Introduction to Basic Pharmacology and Other Common Therapies

Pain

Inflammation and Healing

Infection

Immunity

Skin Disorders

Blood and Circulatory System Disorders

Lymphatic System Disorders

Cardiovascular System Disorders

Respiratory System Disorders

Neurological Disorders

Disorders of the Eye, Ear, and Other Sensory Organs

Endocrine System Disorders

Digestive System Disorders

Urinary System Disorders

Reproductive System Disorders

Neoplasms and Cancer

Congenital and Genetic Disorders

Complications due to Pregnancy

Complications due to Adolescence

Complications due to Aging

Immobility and Associated Problems

Stress and Associated Problems

Substance Abuse and Associated Problems

Environmental Hazards and Associated Problems

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