Question 1

The vertebral body and the vertebral arch surround a space called the:

Accepted Answer

A)  lamina. 
B)  vertebral notch. 
C)  vertebral foramen. 
D)  intervertebral foramina. 
A)  lamina. 
B)  vertebral notch. 
C)  vertebral foramen. 
D)  intervertebral foramina.

Question 2

What is the central-ray angle for the AP axial projection (Ferguson method) of the lumbosacral junction?

Accepted Answer

A)  25 degrees cephalad 
B)  30 to 35 degrees cephalad 
C)  35 to 45 degrees cephalad 
D)  40 to 50 degrees cephalad 
A)  25 degrees cephalad 
B)  30 to 35 degrees cephalad 
C)  35 to 45 degrees cephalad 
D)  40 to 50 degrees cephalad

Question 3

When the spine cannot be placed in a true horizontal position for the L5-S1 lateral projection, the central ray must be angled:

Accepted Answer

A)  5 degrees men, 8 degrees women, caudad. 
B)  5 degrees men, 8 degrees women, cephalad. 
C)  10 degrees men, 12 degrees women, caudad. 
D)  10 degrees men, 12 degrees women, cephalad. 
A)  5 degrees men, 8 degrees women, caudad. 
B)  5 degrees men, 8 degrees women, cephalad. 
C)  10 degrees men, 12 degrees women, caudad. 
D)  10 degrees men, 12 degrees women, cephalad.

Question 4

Where is the central ray positioned for a lateral sacrum?

Accepted Answer

A)  At the level of the ASIS and 3 $1 / 2$ inches posterior 
B)  At the level of the ASIS and 4 inches posterior 
C)  3 $1 / 2$ inches inferior to the iliac crest 
D)  4 inches inferior to the iliac crest 
A)  At the level of the ASIS and 3 $1 / 2$ inches posterior 
B)  At the level of the ASIS and 4 inches posterior 
C)  3 $1 / 2$ inches inferior to the iliac crest 
D)  4 inches inferior to the iliac crest

Question 5

What is the central-ray centering point for an AP oblique lumbar spine?

Accepted Answer

A)  At MSP at the level of the ASIS 
B)  2 inches medial to the elevated ASIS at the level of the iliac crest 
C)  2 inches medial to the elevated ASIS and 1 $1 / 2$ to 1 inch above the iliac crest 
D)  2 inches lateral to the elevated ASIS and 2 inches above the iliac crest 
A)  At MSP at the level of the ASIS 
B)  2 inches medial to the elevated ASIS at the level of the iliac crest 
C)  2 inches medial to the elevated ASIS and 1 $1 / 2$ to 1 inch above the iliac crest 
D)  2 inches lateral to the elevated ASIS and 2 inches above the iliac crest

Question 6

The part of the lamina that lies between the superior and inferior articular processes on a typical lumbar vertebra is called the:

Accepted Answer

A)  transverse process. 
B)  pars interarticularis. 
C)  accessory process. 
D)  mammillary process. 
A)  transverse process. 
B)  pars interarticularis. 
C)  accessory process. 
D)  mammillary process.

Question 7

Where does the central ray enter the patient for an AP axial projection of the coccyx?

Accepted Answer

A)  At the pubic symphysis 
B)  1 inch inferior to the pubic symphysis 
C)  2 inches superior to the pubic symphysis 
D)  3 inches superior to the pubic symphysis 
A)  At the pubic symphysis 
B)  1 inch inferior to the pubic symphysis 
C)  2 inches superior to the pubic symphysis 
D)  3 inches superior to the pubic symphysis

Question 8

What anatomy is labeled with the letter C in the image below?

Accepted Answer

A)  Occipital base 
B)  Lateral mass of C1 
C)  Dens of C2 
D)  Body of C2 
A)  Occipital base 
B)  Lateral mass of C1 
C)  Dens of C2 
D)  Body of C2

Question 9

The vertebral foramen of the first cervical vertebra contains the:
1)dens.
2)facets.
3)spinal cord.

Accepted Answer

A)  1 and 2 
B)  1 and 3 
C)  2 and 3 
D)  1, 2, and 3 
A)  1 and 2 
B)  1 and 3 
C)  2 and 3 
D)  1, 2, and 3

Question 10

How much is the body rotated for a PA axial oblique projection of the cervical intervertebral foramina?

Accepted Answer

A)  30 degrees 
B)  45 degrees 
C)  50 degrees 
D)  60 degrees 
A)  30 degrees 
B)  45 degrees 
C)  50 degrees 
D)  60 degrees

Question 11

What anatomy is demonstrated in this AP oblique projection in the image below?

Accepted Answer

A)  Right SI joint 
B)  Left SI joint 
C)  L5-S1 joint space 
D)  L5-S1 zygapophyseal joint 
A)  Right SI joint 
B)  Left SI joint 
C)  L5-S1 joint space 
D)  L5-S1 zygapophyseal joint

Question 12

The zygapophyseal joints of the vertebral column are classified as:

Accepted Answer

A)  synovial, gliding. 
B)  synovial, pivot. 
C)  synovial, ellipsoidal. 
D)  cartilaginous, symphysis. 
A)  synovial, gliding. 
B)  synovial, pivot. 
C)  synovial, ellipsoidal. 
D)  cartilaginous, symphysis.

Question 13

What anatomy is labeled with the letter B in the image below?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lamina of C6 
B)  Pedicle of C6 
C)  Lamina of C5 
D)  Pedicle of C5 
A)  Lamina of C6 
B)  Pedicle of C6 
C)  Lamina of C5 
D)  Pedicle of C5

Question 14

An abnormal increase in the convexity of the thoracic spine is termed:

Accepted Answer

A)  scoliosis. 
B)  spondylosis. 
C)  lordosis. 
D)  kyphosis. 
A)  scoliosis. 
B)  spondylosis. 
C)  lordosis. 
D)  kyphosis.

Question 15

What is the central-ray angulation for the AP projection of the dens, Fuchs method?

Accepted Answer

A)  0 degrees 
B)  5 degrees caudad 
C)  15 degrees cephalad 
D)  20 degrees cephalad 
A)  0 degrees 
B)  5 degrees caudad 
C)  15 degrees cephalad 
D)  20 degrees cephalad

Question 16

Which of the following are functions of the vertebral column?
1)Supports the trunk
2)Protects the spinal cord
3)Supports the skull superiorly

Accepted Answer

A)  1 and 2 
B)  1 and 3 
C)  2 and 3 
D)  1, 2, and 3 
A)  1 and 2 
B)  1 and 3 
C)  2 and 3 
D)  1, 2, and 3

Question 17

What is the central-ray angulation for the lateral projection of the cervicothoracic region (swimmer's technique) when the shoulder can be depressed?

Accepted Answer

A)  0 degrees 
B)  5 degrees caudad 
C)  10 degrees caudad 
D)  15 degrees caudad 
A)  0 degrees 
B)  5 degrees caudad 
C)  10 degrees caudad 
D)  15 degrees caudad

Question 18

What anatomy and projection is demonstrated in the image below?

Accepted Answer

A)  AP axial sacrum 
B)  AP oblique SI joints 
C)  AP coccyx 
D)  AP axial lumbosacral junction (Ferguson method) 
A)  AP axial sacrum 
B)  AP oblique SI joints 
C)  AP coccyx 
D)  AP axial lumbosacral junction (Ferguson method)

Question 19

Where is the center of the IR positioned for the AP projection of the dens, Fuchs method?

Accepted Answer

A)  Acanthion 
B)  Mental point 
C)  External acoustic meatus 
D)  Tip of the mastoid process 
A)  Acanthion 
B)  Mental point 
C)  External acoustic meatus 
D)  Tip of the mastoid process

Question 20

The zygapophyseal joints of the cervical spine are clearly demonstrated on which projection?

Accepted Answer

A)  AP 
B)  Lateral 
C)  AP oblique 
D)  PA oblique 
A)  AP 
B)  Lateral 
C)  AP oblique 
D)  PA oblique

Exam 8: Vertebral Column

The vertebral body and the vertebral arch surround a space called the:

What is the central-ray angle for the AP axial projection (Ferguson method) of the lumbosacral junction?

When the spine cannot be placed in a true horizontal position for the L5-S1 lateral projection, the central ray must be angled:

Where is the central ray positioned for a lateral sacrum?

What is the central-ray centering point for an AP oblique lumbar spine?

The part of the lamina that lies between the superior and inferior articular processes on a typical lumbar vertebra is called the:

Where does the central ray enter the patient for an AP axial projection of the coccyx?

What anatomy is labeled with the letter C in the image below?

The vertebral foramen of the first cervical vertebra contains the: 1)dens. 2)facets. 3)spinal cord.

How much is the body rotated for a PA axial oblique projection of the cervical intervertebral foramina?

What anatomy is demonstrated in this AP oblique projection in the image below?

The zygapophyseal joints of the vertebral column are classified as:

What anatomy is labeled with the letter B in the image below?

An abnormal increase in the convexity of the thoracic spine is termed:

What is the central-ray angulation for the AP projection of the dens, Fuchs method?

Which of the following are functions of the vertebral column? 1)Supports the trunk 2)Protects the spinal cord 3)Supports the skull superiorly

What is the central-ray angulation for the lateral projection of the cervicothoracic region (swimmer's technique) when the shoulder can be depressed?

What anatomy and projection is demonstrated in the image below?

Where is the center of the IR positioned for the AP projection of the dens, Fuchs method?

The zygapophyseal joints of the cervical spine are clearly demonstrated on which projection?

Preliminary Steps in Radiography

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