Question 1

Digestion is essentially completed in the

Accepted Answer

A)  stomach. 
B)  small intestine. 
C)  large intestine. 
D)  anus. 
A)  stomach. 
B)  small intestine. 
C)  large intestine. 
D)  anus.

Question 2

During the cephalic phase of gastric secretion,

Accepted Answer

A)  the stomach responds to distention. 
B)  secretin inhibits parietal and chief cells. 
C)  there is an increased flow of action potentials along the vagus nerve to the stomach. 
D)  the intestine reflexively inhibits gastric emptying. 
E)  production of gastric juice slows down. 
A)  the stomach responds to distention. 
B)  secretin inhibits parietal and chief cells. 
C)  there is an increased flow of action potentials along the vagus nerve to the stomach. 
D)  the intestine reflexively inhibits gastric emptying. 
E)  production of gastric juice slows down.

Question 3

Which of the following is an accessory organ of digestion?

Accepted Answer

A)  stomach 
B)  pancreas 
C)  spleen 
D)  colon 
E)  esophagus 
A)  stomach 
B)  pancreas 
C)  spleen 
D)  colon 
E)  esophagus

Question 4

Chronic inflammation of the pancreas, or pancreatitis, impairs the digestive functions of this organ.What would be the effect on digestion and absorption of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins if acinar cells are impaired? What if duct cells are impaired? Which hormones may be used to treat pancreatitis?

Accepted Answer

Acinar cells secrete digestive enzymes f

Question 5

In the intestine, the epithelial cells have

Accepted Answer

A)  leaky junctions. 
B)  tight junctions. 
C)  electrical gap junctions. 
A)  leaky junctions. 
B)  tight junctions. 
C)  electrical gap junctions.

Question 6

Name the proenzymes secreted by the pancreas.Which one is involved in the activation of the other proenzymes? What are their active forms?

Accepted Answer

Proenzymes include: trypsinogen, chymotr

Question 7

Match the following structures with their functions.
-chyme is released from here

Accepted Answer

A) pancreas 
B) pylorus 
C) rectum 
D) small intestine 
E) stomach 
A) pancreas 
B) pylorus 
C) rectum 
D) small intestine 
E) stomach

Question 8

Identify the answer choice that lists the GI functions that are most closely regulated by the body.

Accepted Answer

A)  absorption and motility 
B)  digestion and motility 
C)  secretion and digestion 
D)  motility and secretion 
E)  motility, secretion, and digestion 
A)  absorption and motility 
B)  digestion and motility 
C)  secretion and digestion 
D)  motility and secretion 
E)  motility, secretion, and digestion

Question 9

Amylases, the enzymes used to digest carbohydrates, are secreted by

Accepted Answer

A)  salivary glands into the mouth only. 
B)  gastric glands into the stomach only. 
C)  the pancreas into the intestine only. 
D)  salivary glands into the mouth and gastric glands into the stomach. 
E)  salivary glands into the mouth and the pancreas into the intestine. 
A)  salivary glands into the mouth only. 
B)  gastric glands into the stomach only. 
C)  the pancreas into the intestine only. 
D)  salivary glands into the mouth and gastric glands into the stomach. 
E)  salivary glands into the mouth and the pancreas into the intestine.

Question 10

What would be the nutritional consequence of excessive antacid use?

Accepted Answer

Antacids make the stomach pH h

Question 11

The swallowing center in the brain, which coordinates the muscular reflexes, is located in the

Accepted Answer

A)  cerebrum. 
B)  medulla oblongata. 
C)  pons. 
D)  cerebellum. 
E)  hypothalamus. 
A)  cerebrum. 
B)  medulla oblongata. 
C)  pons. 
D)  cerebellum. 
E)  hypothalamus.

Question 12

In response to the hormone secretin, the pancreas secretes a fluid that contains

Accepted Answer

A)  enzymes. 
B)  bicarbonate. 
C)  bile. 
D)  only proteases. 
E)  only amylase. 
A)  enzymes. 
B)  bicarbonate. 
C)  bile. 
D)  only proteases. 
E)  only amylase.

Question 13

A drug that blocks the action of the hormone cholecystokinin would affect

Accepted Answer

A)  the amount of bile produced by the liver. 
B)  pancreatic secretions. 
C)  the level of intestinal gastrin. 
D)  secretions of the duodenal glands. 
E)  All of the answers are correct. 
A)  the amount of bile produced by the liver. 
B)  pancreatic secretions. 
C)  the level of intestinal gastrin. 
D)  secretions of the duodenal glands. 
E)  All of the answers are correct.

Question 14

List the four basic processes of the digestive system, and describe each.

Accepted Answer

1.Digestion is the chemical and mechanic

Question 15

Put the following steps of fat digestion and absorption in order:
1)Bile salts coat fat droplets.
2)Cholesterol is transported into cells.
3)Chylomicrons are formed.
4)Chylomicrons are released into lymphatic system.
5)Monoglycerides and fatty acids move out of micelles.
6)Pancreatic lipase and colipase break down fats.

Accepted Answer

A)  1, 6, 5, 2, 3, 4 
B)  1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 5 
C)  2, 6, 5, 1, 3, 4 
D)  6, 3, 4, 1, 2, 5 
E)  None of the answers are correct. 
A)  1, 6, 5, 2, 3, 4 
B)  1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 5 
C)  2, 6, 5, 1, 3, 4 
D)  6, 3, 4, 1, 2, 5 
E)  None of the answers are correct.

Question 16

Intestinal crypts

Accepted Answer

A)  only increase the surface area of the mucosa of the small intestine. 
B)  only carry products of digestion that will not pass through the walls of blood capillaries. 
C)  only produce new cells for the mucosa of the small intestine. 
D)  only function in the absorption of nutrients. 
E)  increase the surface area of the mucosa of the small intestine and produce new cells for the mucosa of the small intestine. 
A)  only increase the surface area of the mucosa of the small intestine. 
B)  only carry products of digestion that will not pass through the walls of blood capillaries. 
C)  only produce new cells for the mucosa of the small intestine. 
D)  only function in the absorption of nutrients. 
E)  increase the surface area of the mucosa of the small intestine and produce new cells for the mucosa of the small intestine.

Question 17

Eric has had trouble sleeping the last two nights and is currently experiencing heart burn which he attributes to the stress of being in finals week and eating too much pizza.His lab partner in Physiology class tells him he should take some diphenhydramine (Benadryl)before he goes to bed because that will help him sleep and his upset stomach.Is this a good suggestion or not?

Accepted Answer

While longstanding heartburn or insomnia

Question 18

Match the structure to its function.
-Fat digestion is completed here.

Accepted Answer

A) mouth 
B) stomach 
C) rectum 
D) small intestine 
E) large intestine 
A) mouth 
B) stomach 
C) rectum 
D) small intestine 
E) large intestine

Question 19

Draw a cell that secretes bicarbonate into the lumen of the pancreas, selecting transporters and/or enzymes from the following list (you may or may not need them all):
chloride channel
CFTR channel
GLUT4
H⁺-K⁺-ATPase
Na⁺-Cl⁻-K⁺ Symport
Cl⁻ - HCO₃⁻ Antiport
Cl⁻ - HCO₃⁻ Symport
carbonic anhydrase
K⁺ leak channel
leaky junctions
Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase
Na⁺-H⁺ antiport
Label the cell showing the lumen, interstitial fluid, the basolateral membrane, and the apical membrane.

Accepted Answer

See Figure

Question 20

Functions of the large intestine include

Accepted Answer

A)  chemical digestion of chyme. 
B)  temporary food storage. 
C)  absorption of water and compaction of feces. 
D)  absorption of most products of digestion. 
E)  All of these answers are correct. 
A)  chemical digestion of chyme. 
B)  temporary food storage. 
C)  absorption of water and compaction of feces. 
D)  absorption of most products of digestion. 
E)  All of these answers are correct.

Exam 21: The Digestive System

Digestion is essentially completed in the

During the cephalic phase of gastric secretion,

Which of the following is an accessory organ of digestion?

In the intestine, the epithelial cells have

Name the proenzymes secreted by the pancreas.Which one is involved in the activation of the other proenzymes? What are their active forms?

Match the following structures with their functions. -chyme is released from here

Identify the answer choice that lists the GI functions that are most closely regulated by the body.

Amylases, the enzymes used to digest carbohydrates, are secreted by

What would be the nutritional consequence of excessive antacid use?

The swallowing center in the brain, which coordinates the muscular reflexes, is located in the

In response to the hormone secretin, the pancreas secretes a fluid that contains

A drug that blocks the action of the hormone cholecystokinin would affect

List the four basic processes of the digestive system, and describe each.

Intestinal crypts

Match the structure to its function. -Fat digestion is completed here.

Functions of the large intestine include

Introduction to Physiology

Molecular Interactions

Compartmentation: Cells and Tissues

Energy and Cellular Metabolism

Membrane Dynamics

Communication, Integration, and Homeostasis

Introduction to the Endocrine System

Neurons: Cellular and Network Properties

The Central Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Efferent Division: Autonomic and Somatic Motor Control

Muscles

Integrative Physiology I: Control of Body Movement

Cardiovascular Physiology

Blood Flow and the Control of Blood Pressure

Blood

Mechanics of Breathing

Gas Exchange and Transport

The Kidneys

Integrative Physiology II: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

Metabolism and Energy Balance

Endocrine Control of Growth and Metabolism

The Immune System

Integrative Physiology III: Exercise

Reproduction and Development

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