Question 1

Which area is NOT normally considered to be an autonomic control center?

Accepted Answer

A)  pons 
B)  medulla 
C)  amygdala 
D)  hypothalamus 
A)  pons 
B)  medulla 
C)  amygdala 
D)  hypothalamus

Question 2

Match the answers to the questions.
-The neurotransmitter acetylcholine is released by neurons at the neuroeffector synapse.

Accepted Answer

A) True only for the sympathetic division 
B) True only for the parasympathetic division 
C) True for both divisions 
A) True only for the sympathetic division 
B) True only for the parasympathetic division 
C) True for both divisions

Question 3

Explain the use of the terms fight and flight in describing sympathetic motor responses.How does sympathetic activity explain your increased "jumpiness" when you are home alone at night, watching a horror movie on TV?

Accepted Answer

When presented with a real or imaginary

Question 4

Match the answers to the questions.
-It releases norepinephrine at the neuroeffector synapse.

Accepted Answer

A) True only for the sympathetic division 
B) True only for the parasympathetic division 
C) True for both divisions 
A) True only for the sympathetic division 
B) True only for the parasympathetic division 
C) True for both divisions

Question 5

Match the response with the type of chemical.
-decreased activity in digestive tract

Accepted Answer

A) sympathetic agonist 
B) parasympathetic agonist 
A) sympathetic agonist 
B) parasympathetic agonist

Question 6

Compare and contrast the voltage-gated sodium and potassium channels introduced in Chapter 8, with the acetylcholine receptor/channel.What may be confusing to the beginning physiology student trying to understand the ion specificity of the acetylcholine receptor? What type of change in the cell is produced by ion movement through each type of channel?

Accepted Answer

The voltage-gated sodium channel opens i

Question 7

Match the response with the type of chemical.
-blocks sweating

Accepted Answer

A) sympathetic antagonist 
B) parasympathetic antagonist 
A) sympathetic antagonist 
B) parasympathetic antagonist

Question 8

A child is rushed to the hospital after taking one of his grandmother's blood pressure medications.He has a low blood pressure and is also having trouble breathing, with audible wheezing upon exhalation.Which class of drugs did the child most likely take?

Accepted Answer

A)  ACE inhibitor 
B)  beta blocker 
C)  calcium channel blocker 
D)  diuretic 
A)  ACE inhibitor 
B)  beta blocker 
C)  calcium channel blocker 
D)  diuretic

Question 9

Nicotine enhances the release of ________ in the brain.

Accepted Answer

A)  serotonin 
B)  dopamine 
C)  acetylcholine 
D)  epinephrine 
E)  glutamate 
A)  serotonin 
B)  dopamine 
C)  acetylcholine 
D)  epinephrine 
E)  glutamate

Question 10

Describe the general rules for the identity of neurotransmitters secreted by pre- and postganglionic neurons in the autonomic division.Be sure to specify the types of receptors, where relevant, and describe the exceptions.

Accepted Answer

Both sympathetic and parasympathetic neu

Question 11

At the molecular level, what are the effects of nicotine on the nervous system? How are these effects exerted? How are these effects similar to or different from those of curare? How do these effects explain some of the physiological consequences of smoking?

Accepted Answer

Nicotine binds to a type of acetylcholin

Question 12

Match the response with the type of chemical.
-blocks secretion of adrenal catecholamines

Accepted Answer

A) sympathetic antagonist 
B) parasympathetic antagonist 
A) sympathetic antagonist 
B) parasympathetic antagonist

Question 13

The motor end plate is

Accepted Answer

A)  a folded area of muscle cell membrane with ACh receptors clustered at the top of each fold. 
B)  the same as the neuromuscular junction. 
C)  the same as the synaptic cleft. 
D)  formed by the membrane of enlarged axon terminals, or boutons, that lie on the surface of skeletal muscle cells. 
E)  a special fibrous matrix whose collagen fibers hold the axon terminal in proper position. 
A)  a folded area of muscle cell membrane with ACh receptors clustered at the top of each fold. 
B)  the same as the neuromuscular junction. 
C)  the same as the synaptic cleft. 
D)  formed by the membrane of enlarged axon terminals, or boutons, that lie on the surface of skeletal muscle cells. 
E)  a special fibrous matrix whose collagen fibers hold the axon terminal in proper position.

Question 14

Match the response with the type of chemical.
-fat breakdown

Accepted Answer

A) sympathetic agonist 
B) parasympathetic agonist 
A) sympathetic agonist 
B) parasympathetic agonist

Question 15

If the results of ufo-epi treatment of humans included pupil dilation, localized sweating, high blood pressure, and high blood glucose, which conclusion would be indicated?

Accepted Answer

A)  It acts on AMPA receptors. 
B)  It acts at the neuromuscular junction. 
C)  It acts on muscarinic receptors. 
D)  It acts on alpha adrenergic receptors. 
E)  It acts on beta adrenergic receptors. 
A)  It acts on AMPA receptors. 
B)  It acts at the neuromuscular junction. 
C)  It acts on muscarinic receptors. 
D)  It acts on alpha adrenergic receptors. 
E)  It acts on beta adrenergic receptors.

Question 16

Match the following with its description.
-sympathetic tissue receptor

Accepted Answer

A) acetylcholine 
B) norepinephrine 
C) cholinergic nicotinic receptor 
D) adrenergic receptor 
E) cholinergic muscarinic receptor 
A) acetylcholine 
B) norepinephrine 
C) cholinergic nicotinic receptor 
D) adrenergic receptor 
E) cholinergic muscarinic receptor

Question 17

Nicotine is thought to cause approximately ________ deaths per year, worldwide.

Accepted Answer

A)  500 
B)  5,000 
C)  50,000 
D)  500,000 
E)  5,000,000 
A)  500 
B)  5,000 
C)  50,000 
D)  500,000 
E)  5,000,000

Question 18

Which functions are controlled through the autonomic nervous system?
1)blood pressure
2)heart rate
3)water balance
4)temperature regulation

Accepted Answer

A)  1 and 2 
B)  1 and 3 
C)  1, 2, 3 
D)  2, 3, 4 
E)  1, 2, 3, 4 
A)  1 and 2 
B)  1 and 3 
C)  1, 2, 3 
D)  2, 3, 4 
E)  1, 2, 3, 4

Question 19

Which area(s)of the brain exert(s)control over the autonomic nervous system?
1)cerebrum
2)cerebellum
3)hypothalamus
4)pons
5)medulla
6)thalamus

Accepted Answer

A)  1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 
B)  1, 3, 5 
C)  1, 3, 4, 5 
D)  1, 2, 3, 5 
E)  2, 3, 4, 5 
A)  1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 
B)  1, 3, 5 
C)  1, 3, 4, 5 
D)  1, 2, 3, 5 
E)  2, 3, 4, 5

Question 20

Explain what is meant by antagonistic control.

Accepted Answer

For fine-tuned control over th

Exam 11: Efferent Division: Autonomic and Somatic Motor Control

Which area is NOT normally considered to be an autonomic control center?

Match the answers to the questions. -The neurotransmitter acetylcholine is released by neurons at the neuroeffector synapse.

Explain the use of the terms fight and flight in describing sympathetic motor responses.How does sympathetic activity explain your increased "jumpiness" when you are home alone at night, watching a horror movie on TV?

Match the answers to the questions. -It releases norepinephrine at the neuroeffector synapse.

Match the response with the type of chemical. -decreased activity in digestive tract

Match the response with the type of chemical. -blocks sweating

A child is rushed to the hospital after taking one of his grandmother's blood pressure medications.He has a low blood pressure and is also having trouble breathing, with audible wheezing upon exhalation.Which class of drugs did the child most likely take?

Nicotine enhances the release of ________ in the brain.

Describe the general rules for the identity of neurotransmitters secreted by pre- and postganglionic neurons in the autonomic division.Be sure to specify the types of receptors, where relevant, and describe the exceptions.

At the molecular level, what are the effects of nicotine on the nervous system? How are these effects exerted? How are these effects similar to or different from those of curare? How do these effects explain some of the physiological consequences of smoking?

Match the response with the type of chemical. -blocks secretion of adrenal catecholamines

The motor end plate is

Match the response with the type of chemical. -fat breakdown

If the results of ufo-epi treatment of humans included pupil dilation, localized sweating, high blood pressure, and high blood glucose, which conclusion would be indicated?

Match the following with its description. -sympathetic tissue receptor

Nicotine is thought to cause approximately ________ deaths per year, worldwide.

Which functions are controlled through the autonomic nervous system? 1)blood pressure 2)heart rate 3)water balance 4)temperature regulation

Which area(s)of the brain exert(s)control over the autonomic nervous system? 1)cerebrum 2)cerebellum 3)hypothalamus 4)pons 5)medulla 6)thalamus

Explain what is meant by antagonistic control.

Introduction to Physiology

Molecular Interactions

Compartmentation: Cells and Tissues

Energy and Cellular Metabolism

Membrane Dynamics

Communication, Integration, and Homeostasis

Introduction to the Endocrine System

Neurons: Cellular and Network Properties

The Central Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Muscles

Integrative Physiology I: Control of Body Movement

Cardiovascular Physiology

Blood Flow and the Control of Blood Pressure

Blood

Mechanics of Breathing

Gas Exchange and Transport

The Kidneys

Integrative Physiology II: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energy Balance

Endocrine Control of Growth and Metabolism

The Immune System

Integrative Physiology III: Exercise

Reproduction and Development

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