Question 1

What is the most common mechanism by which $\beta$-catenin is converted from a protooncogene to an oncogene?

Accepted Answer

@#LAT-DLM&-catenin acts together with Tcf to activ

Question 2

Herceptin is a monoclonal antibody against the oncogene protein

Accepted Answer

A)  EGF. 
B)  Bcr/Abl. 
C)  ErbB-2. 
D)  Sis. 
A)  EGF. 
B)  Bcr/Abl. 
C)  ErbB-2. 
D)  Sis.

Question 3

C-myc becomes an oncogene in Burkitt's lymphoma and several plasmacytomas by a

Accepted Answer

A)  point mutation. 
B)  duplication. 
C)  translocation to the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus. 
D)  deletion of a regulatory sequence. 
A)  point mutation. 
B)  duplication. 
C)  translocation to the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus. 
D)  deletion of a regulatory sequence.

Question 4

SV40, papillomaviruses, and adenoviruses induce transformation by producing proteins that interact with the tumor suppressor proteins p53 and Rb.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

BRCA1 and BRCA2 prevent breast cancer by maintaining the integrity of the genome.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

A tumor promoter is a type of carcinogen that

Accepted Answer

A)  induces apoptosis of healthy cells. 
B)  decreases chromosomal stability. 
C)  increases cell proliferation. 
D)  immortalizes cancer cells. 
A)  induces apoptosis of healthy cells. 
B)  decreases chromosomal stability. 
C)  increases cell proliferation. 
D)  immortalizes cancer cells.

Question 7

The viral raf gene is oncogenic because

Accepted Answer

A)  it is more highly expressed under control of the viral env promoter. 
B)  it encodes a constitutively active protein kinase that is missing a regulatory N terminal domain. 
C)  it carries a loss of function point mutation. 
D)  it carries a gain of function point mutation. 
A)  it is more highly expressed under control of the viral env promoter. 
B)  it encodes a constitutively active protein kinase that is missing a regulatory N terminal domain. 
C)  it carries a loss of function point mutation. 
D)  it carries a gain of function point mutation.

Question 8

A proto-oncogene is

Accepted Answer

A)  a normal gene from which an oncogene can arise. 
B)  one that has been picked up by an oncogenic virus. 
C)  evolving into an oncogene. 
D)  expressed normally in tumor cells. 
A)  a normal gene from which an oncogene can arise. 
B)  one that has been picked up by an oncogenic virus. 
C)  evolving into an oncogene. 
D)  expressed normally in tumor cells.

Question 9

What is the cure rate for colon carcinomas that remain localized to their site of origin?

Accepted Answer

A)  90% 
B)  75% 
C)  50% 
D)  25% 
A)  90% 
B)  75% 
C)  50% 
D)  25%

Question 10

The product of the human papillomavirus oncogene E7 promotes cancer by

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibiting DNA damage repair pathways. 
B)  binding and preventing function of Rb protein. 
C)  ubiquitinating the tumor suppressor p53. 
D)  enhancing expression of telomerase. 
A)  inhibiting DNA damage repair pathways. 
B)  binding and preventing function of Rb protein. 
C)  ubiquitinating the tumor suppressor p53. 
D)  enhancing expression of telomerase.

Question 11

Burkitt's lymphoma is caused almost exclusively by

Accepted Answer

A)  point mutations in the ras proto-oncogene. 
B)  translocation of the abl proto-oncogene. 
C)  translocation of the c-myc proto-oncogene. 
D)  amplification of the N-myc gene. 
A)  point mutations in the ras proto-oncogene. 
B)  translocation of the abl proto-oncogene. 
C)  translocation of the c-myc proto-oncogene. 
D)  amplification of the N-myc gene.

Question 12

What is the difference between a benign tumor and a malignant tumor?

Accepted Answer

A)  A malignant tumor is painful, and a benign tumor is not. 
B)  A malignant tumor has the ability to spread to other tissues and to initiate tumors at secondary sites, whereas a benign tumor does not spread. 
C)  A benign tumor will cause a less severe form of cancer than a malignant tumor. 
D)  A malignant tumor is caused by a virus, whereas a benign tumor arises spontaneously. 
A)  A malignant tumor is painful, and a benign tumor is not. 
B)  A malignant tumor has the ability to spread to other tissues and to initiate tumors at secondary sites, whereas a benign tumor does not spread. 
C)  A benign tumor will cause a less severe form of cancer than a malignant tumor. 
D)  A malignant tumor is caused by a virus, whereas a benign tumor arises spontaneously.

Question 13

Why is cancer more often cured when detected early?

Accepted Answer

Cancer develops in a stepwise fashion: a

Question 14

The majority of oncogene proteins are

Accepted Answer

A)  metabolic enzymes. 
B)  structural proteins, such as nuclear lamins. 
C)  proteins involved in cell sorting. 
D)  components of signaling pathways that regulate cell proliferation. 
A)  metabolic enzymes. 
B)  structural proteins, such as nuclear lamins. 
C)  proteins involved in cell sorting. 
D)  components of signaling pathways that regulate cell proliferation.

Question 15

Genetic testing for mutant oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes

Accepted Answer

A)  helps identify high-risk individuals before a tumor develops. 
B)  offers a definitive indication of which individuals will develop tumors. 
C)  aids the discovery of other mutations that lead to cancer. 
D)  is not significantly useful as a healthcare practice. 
A)  helps identify high-risk individuals before a tumor develops. 
B)  offers a definitive indication of which individuals will develop tumors. 
C)  aids the discovery of other mutations that lead to cancer. 
D)  is not significantly useful as a healthcare practice.

Question 16

MicroRNAs can act as tumor suppressors by inhibiting expression of all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  Cdk. 
B)  ras. 
C)  myc. 
D)  PTEN. 
A)  Cdk. 
B)  ras. 
C)  myc. 
D)  PTEN.

Question 17

Cancer is usually caused by

Accepted Answer

A)  a cancer virus. 
B)  an inherited oncogene. 
C)  the stepwise breakdown of normal cell regulatory processes. 
D)  X rays. 
A)  a cancer virus. 
B)  an inherited oncogene. 
C)  the stepwise breakdown of normal cell regulatory processes. 
D)  X rays.

Question 18

The viral raf oncogene produces a constitutively active protein because the

Accepted Answer

A)  gene is always on. 
B)  kinase domain is mutant and cannot be competitively inhibited. 
C)  regulatory domain has been replaced by viral sequences so the protein cannot be turned off. 
D)  GTPase activity is deficient and the protein is always in the GTP form. 
A)  gene is always on. 
B)  kinase domain is mutant and cannot be competitively inhibited. 
C)  regulatory domain has been replaced by viral sequences so the protein cannot be turned off. 
D)  GTPase activity is deficient and the protein is always in the GTP form.

Question 19

Cancer patients with mutant p53 can be treated effectively with radiation therapy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The tumor suppressor genes Smad2 and Smad4 encode

Accepted Answer

A)  growth factor receptors. 
B)  GTP-binding signal molecules. 
C)  transcription factors. 
D)  inhibitors that bind to transcription factors. 
A)  growth factor receptors. 
B)  GTP-binding signal molecules. 
C)  transcription factors. 
D)  inhibitors that bind to transcription factors.

What is the most common mechanism by which $\beta$ -catenin is converted from a protooncogene to an oncogene?

Herceptin is a monoclonal antibody against the oncogene protein

C-myc becomes an oncogene in Burkitt's lymphoma and several plasmacytomas by a

SV40, papillomaviruses, and adenoviruses induce transformation by producing proteins that interact with the tumor suppressor proteins p53 and Rb.

BRCA1 and BRCA2 prevent breast cancer by maintaining the integrity of the genome.

A tumor promoter is a type of carcinogen that

The viral raf gene is oncogenic because

A proto-oncogene is

What is the cure rate for colon carcinomas that remain localized to their site of origin?

The product of the human papillomavirus oncogene E7 promotes cancer by

Burkitt's lymphoma is caused almost exclusively by

What is the difference between a benign tumor and a malignant tumor?

Why is cancer more often cured when detected early?

The majority of oncogene proteins are

Genetic testing for mutant oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes

MicroRNAs can act as tumor suppressors by inhibiting expression of all of the following except

Cancer is usually caused by

The viral raf oncogene produces a constitutively active protein because the

Cancer patients with mutant p53 can be treated effectively with radiation therapy.

The tumor suppressor genes Smad2 and Smad4 encode

An Overview of Cells and Cell Research

Molecules and Membranes

Bioenergetics and Metabolism

Fundamentals of Molecular Biology

Genomics, Proteomics, and Systems Biology

Genes and Genomes

Replication, Maintenance, and Rearrangements of Genomic Dna

RNA Synthesis and Processing

Transcriptional Regulation and Epigenetics

Protein Synthesis, Processing, and Regulation

The Nucleus

Protein Sorting and Transport

Mitochondria, Chloroplasts, and Peroxisomes

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Movement

The Plasma Membrane

Cell Walls, the Extracellular Matrix, and Cell Interactions

Cell Signaling

The Cell Cycle

Cell Death and Cell Renewal

Filters

Exam 20: Cancer

What is the most common mechanism by which β\betaβ -catenin is converted from a protooncogene to an oncogene?

Herceptin is a monoclonal antibody against the oncogene protein

C-myc becomes an oncogene in Burkitt's lymphoma and several plasmacytomas by a

SV40, papillomaviruses, and adenoviruses induce transformation by producing proteins that interact with the tumor suppressor proteins p53 and Rb.

BRCA1 and BRCA2 prevent breast cancer by maintaining the integrity of the genome.

A tumor promoter is a type of carcinogen that

The viral raf gene is oncogenic because

A proto-oncogene is

What is the cure rate for colon carcinomas that remain localized to their site of origin?

The product of the human papillomavirus oncogene E7 promotes cancer by

Burkitt's lymphoma is caused almost exclusively by

What is the difference between a benign tumor and a malignant tumor?

Why is cancer more often cured when detected early?

The majority of oncogene proteins are

Genetic testing for mutant oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes

MicroRNAs can act as tumor suppressors by inhibiting expression of all of the following except

Cancer is usually caused by

The viral raf oncogene produces a constitutively active protein because the

Cancer patients with mutant p53 can be treated effectively with radiation therapy.

The tumor suppressor genes Smad2 and Smad4 encode

An Overview of Cells and Cell Research

Molecules and Membranes

Bioenergetics and Metabolism

Fundamentals of Molecular Biology

Genomics, Proteomics, and Systems Biology

Genes and Genomes

Replication, Maintenance, and Rearrangements of Genomic Dna

RNA Synthesis and Processing

Transcriptional Regulation and Epigenetics

Protein Synthesis, Processing, and Regulation

The Nucleus

Protein Sorting and Transport

Mitochondria, Chloroplasts, and Peroxisomes

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Movement

The Plasma Membrane

Cell Walls, the Extracellular Matrix, and Cell Interactions

Cell Signaling

The Cell Cycle

Cell Death and Cell Renewal

Filters

What is the most common mechanism by which $\beta$ -catenin is converted from a protooncogene to an oncogene?