Question 1

The four fundamental forces in nature are ______________, _____________, ____________________, and _____________________.

Accepted Answer

electromag

Question 2

Explain how a photon is generated in the core of the Sun and how it is transported out from the Sun.

Accepted Answer

Photons in the core are gamma rays. Each

Question 3

The ____________________ of the Sun is composed of ionized gas and produces a continuous spectrum with a superimposed emission spectrum.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ____________________ of the Sun is composed...

Question 4

In nuclear fission, (more/less) massive and (higher/lower)  atomic number elements on the periodic table are broken into smaller and less massive nuclei. In nuclear fusion, (more/less) massive and (higher/lower)  atomic number elements on the periodic table are fused into larger are more massive nuclei.

Accepted Answer

more, high

Question 5

In the proton-proton chain

Accepted Answer

A)  no neutrinos are produced. 
B)  energy is released because a helium nucleus has a greater mass than a hydrogen nucleus. 
C)  no photons are produced. 
D)  carbon serves as a catalyst for the nuclear reaction. 
E)  energy is produced in the form of gamma rays and the velocity of the created nuclei. 
A)  no neutrinos are produced. 
B)  energy is released because a helium nucleus has a greater mass than a hydrogen nucleus. 
C)  no photons are produced. 
D)  carbon serves as a catalyst for the nuclear reaction. 
E)  energy is produced in the form of gamma rays and the velocity of the created nuclei.

Question 6

What evidence do we have that the chromosphere is hotter than the photosphere?

Accepted Answer

The corona's spectrum includes emission

Question 7

_______ has the most tightly bound nucleus.

Accepted Answer

A)  Uranium 
B)  Iron 
C)  Helium 
D)  Hydrogen 
A)  Uranium 
B)  Iron 
C)  Helium 
D)  Hydrogen

Question 8

The dark areas outlining a granule are cooler than the granule.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

A __________________ cycle lasts 11 years, whereas a ________________ cycle lasts 22 years.

Accepted Answer

sunspot, s

Question 10

The above image of an aurora on Earth is centered near Earth's rotational axis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Diagram 7-1  
Diagram 7-1 shows a plot of the temperature of the Sun as a function of distance above the bottom of the photosphere. At what distance above the bottom of the photosphere is the temperature of the Sun the smallest?

Accepted Answer

A)  1000 km 
B)  2300 km 
C)  2500 km to 4000 km 
D)  500 km 
E)  1000 km and 2500 km to 4000 km 
A)  1000 km 
B)  2300 km 
C)  2500 km to 4000 km 
D)  500 km 
E)  1000 km and 2500 km to 4000 km

Question 12

The squiggly dark line in the upper left quadrant of the Sun in the image above is called a ___________.

Accepted Answer

A)  solar flare 
B)  prominence 
C)  sunspot 
D)  filament 
A)  solar flare 
B)  prominence 
C)  sunspot 
D)  filament

Question 13

The United States consumes 2.5 × 1019 J of energy each year. A typical solar flare releases 5.0 × 1024 J of energy. How many years could we run the United States on the energy released by this solar flare if all of the released energy could be used?

Accepted Answer

A)  5 × 10-6 years 
B)  200,000 years 
C)  1.25 × 1044 years 
D)  about 12 years 
E)  500 years 
A)  5 × 10-6 years 
B)  200,000 years 
C)  1.25 × 1044 years 
D)  about 12 years 
E)  500 years

Question 14

________ occur(s) because photons we receive from the edge of the solar disk are emitted further from the base of the photosphere than the photons we receive from the center of the solar disk.

Accepted Answer

A)  The Zeeman Effect 
B)  Sunspots 
C)  Solar flares 
D)  Solar prominences 
E)  Limb darkening 
A)  The Zeeman Effect 
B)  Sunspots 
C)  Solar flares 
D)  Solar prominences 
E)  Limb darkening

Question 15

The Zeeman effect shows that sunspots contain magnetic fields.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Initially, scientists detected lower than the expected number of neutrinos from the Sun.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Coronal holes are holes in the chromosphere to allow the solar wind to stream away from the Sun.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

In the third step of the p-p fusion chain, a _____________ is fused with a _______________ to generate a ________________ with _____________ and _______________ as byproducts.

Accepted Answer

light helium, light helium, no

Question 19

In the second step of the p-p fusion chain, light helium is formed by the fusion of a ______________ with a __________. A byproduct of the reaction is a ____________.

Accepted Answer

deuteron, hydrogen a

Question 20

The rotation of the Sun's photosphere is

Accepted Answer

A)  fastest at the equator, slower at mid-latitudes, and slowest near the poles. 
B)  slowest at the equator, faster at mid-latitudes, and fastest near the poles. 
C)  fastest at the equator, slowest at mid-latitudes and the poles which travel at the same speed. 
D)  the same regardless of latitude. 
A)  fastest at the equator, slower at mid-latitudes, and slowest near the poles. 
B)  slowest at the equator, faster at mid-latitudes, and fastest near the poles. 
C)  fastest at the equator, slowest at mid-latitudes and the poles which travel at the same speed. 
D)  the same regardless of latitude.

The four fundamental forces in nature are ________, _, , and _______.

Explain how a photon is generated in the core of the Sun and how it is transported out from the Sun.

The ____________________ of the Sun is composed of ionized gas and produces a continuous spectrum with a superimposed emission spectrum.

In the proton-proton chain

What evidence do we have that the chromosphere is hotter than the photosphere?

_______ has the most tightly bound nucleus.

The dark areas outlining a granule are cooler than the granule.

A __ cycle lasts 11 years, whereas a cycle lasts 22 years.

The above image of an aurora on Earth is centered near Earth's rotational axis.

Diagram 7-1 Diagram 7-1 shows a plot of the temperature of the Sun as a function of distance above the bottom of the photosphere. At what distance above the bottom of the photosphere is the temperature of the Sun the smallest?

The squiggly dark line in the upper left quadrant of the Sun in the image above is called a ___________.

The United States consumes 2.5 × 10¹⁹ J of energy each year. A typical solar flare releases 5.0 × 10²⁴ J of energy. How many years could we run the United States on the energy released by this solar flare if all of the released energy could be used?

________ occur(s) because photons we receive from the edge of the solar disk are emitted further from the base of the photosphere than the photons we receive from the center of the solar disk.

The Zeeman effect shows that sunspots contain magnetic fields.

Initially, scientists detected lower than the expected number of neutrinos from the Sun.

Coronal holes are holes in the chromosphere to allow the solar wind to stream away from the Sun.

In the third step of the p-p fusion chain, a _____ is fused with a _ to generate a ____ with _ and _________ as byproducts.

In the second step of the p-p fusion chain, light helium is formed by the fusion of a with a . A byproduct of the reaction is a .

The rotation of the Sun's photosphere is

Here and Now

A Users Guide to the Sky

Cycles of the Sun and Moon

The Origin of Modern Astronomy

Light and Telescopes

Atoms and Spectra

The Family of Stars

The Formation and Structure of Stars

The Deaths of Stars

Neutron Stars and Black Holes

The Milky Way Galaxy

Galaxies: Normal and Active

Modern Cosmology

Origin of the Solar System and Extrasolar Planets

Earth and Moon: Bases for Comparative Planetology

Mercury, Venus, and Mars

The Outer Solar System

Meteorites, Asteroids, and Comets

Astrobiology: Life on Other Worlds

Filters

Exam 7: The Sun

The four fundamental forces in nature are ______________, _____________, ____________________, and _____________________.

Explain how a photon is generated in the core of the Sun and how it is transported out from the Sun.

The ____________________ of the Sun is composed of ionized gas and produces a continuous spectrum with a superimposed emission spectrum.

In the proton-proton chain

What evidence do we have that the chromosphere is hotter than the photosphere?

_______ has the most tightly bound nucleus.

The dark areas outlining a granule are cooler than the granule.

A __________________ cycle lasts 11 years, whereas a ________________ cycle lasts 22 years.

The above image of an aurora on Earth is centered near Earth's rotational axis.

Diagram 7-1 Diagram 7-1 shows a plot of the temperature of the Sun as a function of distance above the bottom of the photosphere. At what distance above the bottom of the photosphere is the temperature of the Sun the smallest?

The squiggly dark line in the upper left quadrant of the Sun in the image above is called a ___________.

The United States consumes 2.5 × 1019 J of energy each year. A typical solar flare releases 5.0 × 1024 J of energy. How many years could we run the United States on the energy released by this solar flare if all of the released energy could be used?

________ occur(s) because photons we receive from the edge of the solar disk are emitted further from the base of the photosphere than the photons we receive from the center of the solar disk.

The Zeeman effect shows that sunspots contain magnetic fields.

Initially, scientists detected lower than the expected number of neutrinos from the Sun.

Coronal holes are holes in the chromosphere to allow the solar wind to stream away from the Sun.

In the third step of the p-p fusion chain, a _____________ is fused with a _______________ to generate a ________________ with _____________ and _______________ as byproducts.

In the second step of the p-p fusion chain, light helium is formed by the fusion of a ______________ with a __________. A byproduct of the reaction is a ____________.

The rotation of the Sun's photosphere is

Here and Now

A Users Guide to the Sky

Cycles of the Sun and Moon

The Origin of Modern Astronomy

Light and Telescopes

Atoms and Spectra

The Family of Stars

The Formation and Structure of Stars

The Deaths of Stars

Neutron Stars and Black Holes

The Milky Way Galaxy

Galaxies: Normal and Active

Modern Cosmology

Origin of the Solar System and Extrasolar Planets

Earth and Moon: Bases for Comparative Planetology

Mercury, Venus, and Mars

The Outer Solar System

Meteorites, Asteroids, and Comets

Astrobiology: Life on Other Worlds

Filters

The four fundamental forces in nature are ________, _, , and _______.

A __ cycle lasts 11 years, whereas a cycle lasts 22 years.

The United States consumes 2.5 × 10¹⁹ J of energy each year. A typical solar flare releases 5.0 × 10²⁴ J of energy. How many years could we run the United States on the energy released by this solar flare if all of the released energy could be used?

In the third step of the p-p fusion chain, a _____ is fused with a _ to generate a ____ with _ and _________ as byproducts.

In the second step of the p-p fusion chain, light helium is formed by the fusion of a with a . A byproduct of the reaction is a .