Exam 42: Urinary System

As the basic functional unit of the kidney, the nephron's function is blood plasma processing and urine formation.

Match each of the structures of the nephron with its description, function, or location. -Name given to the blood vessel in Bowman capsule

About 99% of the fluid filtered into Bowman capsule is reabsorbed.

The outer portion of the kidney is referred to as the cortex.

Even though urea is a waste product, it is reabsorbed into the blood in the proximal convoluted tubule.

In the kidney, blood flows from the interlobular artery into the:

Each renal papilla juts into a cuplike structure called the renal pyramid.

Glomerular osmotic pressure and capsular osmotic pressure are equally important in determining the GFR.

A cushion of fat normally encases a kidney and helps hold it in position.

Chronic kidney failure is a condition that progresses through four stages; the last one is called uremic syndrome.

Match each of the structures of the nephron with its description, function, or location. -Tube nearest to Bowman capsule

Starting with the afferent arteriole, place the parts of the nephron in correct anatomical order, beginning with the number 1. -Ascending limb of the loop of Henle

Most reabsorption occurs in the loop of Henle.

Voiding and micturition refer to the same process.

Explain why a person who has uncontrolled diabetes mellitus voids a large amount of urine.

Intense exercise causes temporary proteinuria. This is probably caused by an increase in permeability of the nephron's filtration membrane.

Place in correct anatomical order the structures of the pathway of urine leaving the distal tubule, beginning with the number 1. -Collecting duct

Filtrate in the descending limb of the Henle loop has the highest osmolality.

The interlobular artery carries blood directly to the glomerulus.

When the mean arterial blood pressure doubles, so does glomerular filtration.