Question 1

The postganglionic neurons of both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems produce acetylcholine as their neurotransmitter.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

The preganglionic neurons of both the sympathetic and the parasympathetic divisions are cholinergic.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

Once inside the sympathetic chain ganglion, the preganglionic fiber will always synapse with a sympathetic postganglionic neuron.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

Explain in general, what the function of the parasympathetic nervous system is.

Accepted Answer

The parasympathetic nervous system (PNS)

Question 5

Which of the following is a description of the principle of antagonism as it relates to the autonomic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

A)  If sympathetic impulses tend to inhibit the effector, parasympathetic impulses tend to stimulate it. 
B)  If sympathetic impulses inhibit autonomic centers, parasympathetic impulses tend to stimulate them. 
C)  If sympathetic impulses tend to stimulate an effector, parasympathetic impulses tend to inhibit it. 
D)  If sympathetic impulses initiate nerve conduction, parasympathetic impulses stop nerve conduction. 
A)  If sympathetic impulses tend to inhibit the effector, parasympathetic impulses tend to stimulate it. 
B)  If sympathetic impulses inhibit autonomic centers, parasympathetic impulses tend to stimulate them. 
C)  If sympathetic impulses tend to stimulate an effector, parasympathetic impulses tend to inhibit it. 
D)  If sympathetic impulses initiate nerve conduction, parasympathetic impulses stop nerve conduction.

Question 6

The sympathetic trunk runs from C8 to L4.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Norepinephrine can stimulate nicotinic or muscarinic receptors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

What two enzymes terminate the activity of norepinephrine? How do they compare with the enzymes that terminate the activity of acetylcholine? What effect does this difference have on the body?

Accepted Answer

The two enzymes that terminate the activ

Question 9

The autonomic nervous system functions chiefly in the:

Accepted Answer

A)  coordination of muscular activity. 
B)  innervation of smooth muscle in the viscera. 
C)  reception of sensory impulses. 
D)  arousal of alerting mechanism. 
A)  coordination of muscular activity. 
B)  innervation of smooth muscle in the viscera. 
C)  reception of sensory impulses. 
D)  arousal of alerting mechanism.

Question 10

Some parasympathetic postganglionic neurons have their cell bodies in nuclei in the brainstem.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Explain physiologically how summation influences effectors doubly innervated by the autonomic nervous system.

Accepted Answer

Summation influences effectors doubly in

Question 12

The parasympathetic division is also called the thoracolumbar division.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

An effect of sympathetic stimulation on the eye is constriction of the pupil.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Under normal, nonstressful conditions, the parasympathetic division is dominant.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

All of the following are characteristics of sympathetic preganglionic neurons except:

Accepted Answer

A)  they secrete acetylcholine. 
B)  they have long fibers from CNS to ganglion. 
C)  dendrites and cell bodies are found in the lateral gray columns of thoracic and the first four lumbar segments of the spinal cord. 
D)  All of the above are correct. 
A)  they secrete acetylcholine. 
B)  they have long fibers from CNS to ganglion. 
C)  dendrites and cell bodies are found in the lateral gray columns of thoracic and the first four lumbar segments of the spinal cord. 
D)  All of the above are correct.

Question 16

Parasympathetic neuron cell bodies are located in:

Accepted Answer

A)  the white columns of the sacral segments of the spinal cord. 
B)  the lateral gray columns of thoracic segments of the spinal cord. 
C)  nuclei of the brainstem and the lateral gray columns of the sacral cord. 
D)  collateral ganglia. 
A)  the white columns of the sacral segments of the spinal cord. 
B)  the lateral gray columns of thoracic segments of the spinal cord. 
C)  nuclei of the brainstem and the lateral gray columns of the sacral cord. 
D)  collateral ganglia.

Question 17

All cranial nerves except nerves I and II contain parasympathetic fibers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Axon terminals that secrete acetylcholine are called cholinergic terminals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Explain physiologically how a beta blocker affects heart muscle activity.

Accepted Answer

Beta blockers work by blocking the actio

Question 20

What brain structure acts as a "connection" between the cerebrum and the autonomic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

The brain structure that acts as a "conn

Exam 22: Autonomic Nervous System

The postganglionic neurons of both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems produce acetylcholine as their neurotransmitter.

The preganglionic neurons of both the sympathetic and the parasympathetic divisions are cholinergic.

Once inside the sympathetic chain ganglion, the preganglionic fiber will always synapse with a sympathetic postganglionic neuron.

Explain in general, what the function of the parasympathetic nervous system is.

Which of the following is a description of the principle of antagonism as it relates to the autonomic nervous system?

The sympathetic trunk runs from C8 to L4.

Norepinephrine can stimulate nicotinic or muscarinic receptors.

What two enzymes terminate the activity of norepinephrine? How do they compare with the enzymes that terminate the activity of acetylcholine? What effect does this difference have on the body?

The autonomic nervous system functions chiefly in the:

Some parasympathetic postganglionic neurons have their cell bodies in nuclei in the brainstem.

Explain physiologically how summation influences effectors doubly innervated by the autonomic nervous system.

The parasympathetic division is also called the thoracolumbar division.

An effect of sympathetic stimulation on the eye is constriction of the pupil.

Under normal, nonstressful conditions, the parasympathetic division is dominant.

All of the following are characteristics of sympathetic preganglionic neurons except:

Parasympathetic neuron cell bodies are located in:

All cranial nerves except nerves I and II contain parasympathetic fibers.

Axon terminals that secrete acetylcholine are called cholinergic terminals.

Explain physiologically how a beta blocker affects heart muscle activity.

What brain structure acts as a "connection" between the cerebrum and the autonomic nervous system?

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