Question 1

In the blood vessels in the kidney, lobar arterioles divide to become segmental arterioles.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

The bladder has two main functions: to serve as a reservoir for urine until it leaves the body and, aided by the urethra, expels urine from the body

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

The fenestrations increase the porosity of the glomerulus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Assume that the nephron is able to return 150 mg/100 ml of glucose back to the blood. If the blood entering the glomerulus contains 192 mg/100 ml of glucose, what is the glucose concentration of the blood leaving the nephron and the concentration of the urine being formed?

Accepted Answer

Blood: 150 mg/100 ml

Question 5

Why would the response of the kidney to arteriosclerosis actually compound the problem of hypertension?

Accepted Answer

A)  When the kidney responds to narrowing of a renal artery due to this disease, it will not cause any changes in kidney function or status. 
B)  When the kidney responds to widening of a renal artery due to this disease, it will cause an increase in blood pressure and an increase in kidney perfusion. 
C)  When the kidney responds to narrowing of a renal artery due to this disease, it will cause a decrease in blood pressure and possibly even death. 
D)  When the kidney responds to narrowing of a renal artery due to this disease, it will cause an increase in blood pressure and ischemia of kidney tissues. 
A)  When the kidney responds to narrowing of a renal artery due to this disease, it will not cause any changes in kidney function or status. 
B)  When the kidney responds to widening of a renal artery due to this disease, it will cause an increase in blood pressure and an increase in kidney perfusion. 
C)  When the kidney responds to narrowing of a renal artery due to this disease, it will cause a decrease in blood pressure and possibly even death. 
D)  When the kidney responds to narrowing of a renal artery due to this disease, it will cause an increase in blood pressure and ischemia of kidney tissues.

Question 6

The yellowish pigment in the urine is derived from the breakdown of old red blood cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Intense exercise causes temporary proteinuria. This is caused by minor kidney damage from the intense exercise.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

As the amount of sodium increases in the blood around the distal convoluted tubule, the amount of potassium or hydrogen ions in the filtrate increases.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Urea is a nitrogenous waste product excreted by the kidney.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Gravity moves urine from the kidney to the bladder through the ureter.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

About 85% of the nephrons are juxtamedullary nephron, which means that the Henle loop extends into the medulla of the kidney.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The percentage of water in urine is approximately _____%.

Accepted Answer

A)  55 
B)  65 
C)  80 
D)  95 
A)  55 
B)  65 
C)  80 
D)  95

Question 13

Starting with the afferent arteriole, place the parts of the nephron in correct anatomical order, beginning with the number 1.
-Proximal tubule

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 5
F)6
G)7 
A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 5
F)6
G)7

Question 14

If a person becomes dehydrated, which hormone would you expect to find in high concentration in the blood?

Accepted Answer

A)  Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) 
B)  Atrial natriuretic hormone (ANH) 
C)  Para-aminohippurate acid (PAH) 
D)  Prolactin (PRL) 
A)  Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) 
B)  Atrial natriuretic hormone (ANH) 
C)  Para-aminohippurate acid (PAH) 
D)  Prolactin (PRL)

Question 15

Nitrogenous wastes such as urea, uric acid, and ammonia are lost in the urine, and of these, uric acid is the most abundant.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The principle organs of the urinary system are the kidneys.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The detrusor muscle is the name given to the smooth muscle that makes up the bladder.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The portion of the nephron tubule that is essentially always impermeable to water is the:

Accepted Answer

A)  proximal tubule. 
B)  distal tubule. 
C)  collecting tubule. 
D)  ascending loop of Henle. 
A)  proximal tubule. 
B)  distal tubule. 
C)  collecting tubule. 
D)  ascending loop of Henle.

Question 19

Terry has lupus erythematosus and has been complaining of feelings of urgency, pain in urination, and the appearance of blood in the urine. More than likely, Terry is suffering from:

Accepted Answer

A)  interstitial cystitis. 
B)  renal calculi. 
C)  renal ptosis. 
D)  renal sarcoma. 
A)  interstitial cystitis. 
B)  renal calculi. 
C)  renal ptosis. 
D)  renal sarcoma.

Question 20

Which of the following is (are) classified as an accessory organ of the urinary system?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ureters 
B)  Urinary bladder 
C)  Urethra 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Ureters 
B)  Urinary bladder 
C)  Urethra 
D)  All of the above

Exam 42: Urinary System

In the blood vessels in the kidney, lobar arterioles divide to become segmental arterioles.

The bladder has two main functions: to serve as a reservoir for urine until it leaves the body and, aided by the urethra, expels urine from the body

The fenestrations increase the porosity of the glomerulus.

Assume that the nephron is able to return 150 mg/100 ml of glucose back to the blood. If the blood entering the glomerulus contains 192 mg/100 ml of glucose, what is the glucose concentration of the blood leaving the nephron and the concentration of the urine being formed?

Why would the response of the kidney to arteriosclerosis actually compound the problem of hypertension?

The yellowish pigment in the urine is derived from the breakdown of old red blood cells.

Intense exercise causes temporary proteinuria. This is caused by minor kidney damage from the intense exercise.

As the amount of sodium increases in the blood around the distal convoluted tubule, the amount of potassium or hydrogen ions in the filtrate increases.

Urea is a nitrogenous waste product excreted by the kidney.

Gravity moves urine from the kidney to the bladder through the ureter.

About 85% of the nephrons are juxtamedullary nephron, which means that the Henle loop extends into the medulla of the kidney.

The percentage of water in urine is approximately _____%.

Starting with the afferent arteriole, place the parts of the nephron in correct anatomical order, beginning with the number 1. -Proximal tubule

If a person becomes dehydrated, which hormone would you expect to find in high concentration in the blood?

Nitrogenous wastes such as urea, uric acid, and ammonia are lost in the urine, and of these, uric acid is the most abundant.

The principle organs of the urinary system are the kidneys.

The detrusor muscle is the name given to the smooth muscle that makes up the bladder.

The portion of the nephron tubule that is essentially always impermeable to water is the:

Terry has lupus erythematosus and has been complaining of feelings of urgency, pain in urination, and the appearance of blood in the urine. More than likely, Terry is suffering from:

Which of the following is (are) classified as an accessory organ of the urinary system?

Organization of the Body

Homeostasis

Chemical Basis of Life

Biomolecules

Cell Structure

Cell Function

Cell Growth and Development

Introduction to Tissues

Tissue Types

Skin

Skeletal Tissues

Axial Skeleton

Appendicular Skeleton

Articulations

Axial Muscles

Appendicular Muscles

Muscle Contraction

Nervous System Cells

Nerve Signaling

Central Nervous System

Peripheral Nervous System

Autonomic Nervous System

General Senses

Special Senses

Endocrine Regulation

Endocrine Glands

Blood

Heart

Blood Vessels

Circulation of the Blood

Lymphatic System

Innate Immunity

Adaptive Immunity

Stress

Respiratory Tract

Ventilation

Gas Exchange & Transport

Upper Digestive Tract

Lower Digestive Tract

Digestion and Absorption

Nutrition and Metabolism

Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

Acid Base Balance

Male Reproductive System

Female Reproductive System

Growth and Development

Genetics and Heredity

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