Question 1

The loop of Henle and the vasa recta have a countercurrent structure.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

While washing her picture window, Martha sustained a large, deep laceration to her leg when the ladder accidentally crashed through the window as she attempted to reposition it. She experienced a large loss of blood before the paramedics arrived. Her blood pressure was very low, and her heart rate was rapid and thready. The paramedics treated her aggressively with intravenous fluids and pressure to stop any more blood loss. They were also concerned about Martha's renal function. Why?

Accepted Answer

The paramedics were concerned about Mart

Question 3

Micturition is the process of voiding urine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

A person with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus will have a higher-than-normal solute concentration in the urine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Starting with the afferent arteriole, place the parts of the nephron in correct anatomical order, beginning with the number 1.
-Bowman capsule

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 5
F)6
G)7 
A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 5
F)6
G)7

Question 6

Which of the following statements is not true of the ureter?

Accepted Answer

A)  The ureter is approximately 28 cm long. 
B)  The ureter conducts urine inferiorly from the kidney to the bladder. 
C)  The ureter is composed of two layers of tissue-an inner mucous layer and an outer fibrous layer. 
D)  All of the above are true of the ureter. 
A)  The ureter is approximately 28 cm long. 
B)  The ureter conducts urine inferiorly from the kidney to the bladder. 
C)  The ureter is composed of two layers of tissue-an inner mucous layer and an outer fibrous layer. 
D)  All of the above are true of the ureter.

Question 7

Explain how the loop of Henle establishes a solute concentration gradient from the top of the loop to the bottom of the loop.

Accepted Answer

The loop of Henle is a crucial part of t

Question 8

Glomerular endothelium is similar to tissue capillary endothelium in that both have approximately the same number of pores, or fenestrations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

About 180 liters of filtrate is formed each day.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Place in correct anatomical order the structures of the pathway of urine leaving the distal tubule, beginning with the number 1.
-Renal papilla

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 5
F)6
G)7 
A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 5
F)6
G)7

Question 11

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are a popular type of drug used to reduce high blood pressure. They act by preventing the activation of angiotensin. Briefly explain how the drugs can lower blood pressure.

Accepted Answer

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhi

Question 12

The fibrous adventitia covers only the superior surface of the bladder; the rest is covered by the parietal peritoneum.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Starting with the afferent arteriole, place the parts of the nephron in correct anatomical order, beginning with the number 1.
-Descending limb of the loop of Henle

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 5
F)6
G)7 
A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 5
F)6
G)7

Question 14

Of all the blood pumped per minute by the heart, approximately ____ goes through the kidneys.

Accepted Answer

A)  1/5 
B)  1/3 
C)  1/2 
D)  3/4 
A)  1/5 
B)  1/3 
C)  1/2 
D)  3/4

Question 15

The fluid at the top of the ascending limb of the loop of Henle is about 100 mOsm, which makes it hypertonic to most other body fluids.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The renal artery branches directly from the abdominal aorta.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Starting with the afferent arteriole, place the parts of the nephron in correct anatomical order, beginning with the number 1.
-Glomerulus

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 5
F)6
G)7 
A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 5
F)6
G)7

Question 18

Match each of the structures of the nephron with its description, function, or location.
-Structure other than the collecting duct in which adjustment of blood pH can occur

Accepted Answer

A) Distal convoluted tubule 
B) Glomerulus 
C) Bowman capsule 
D) Loop of Henle 
E) Proximal convoluted tubule
F)Collecting duct
G)Peritubular capillary
H)Vasa recta 
A) Distal convoluted tubule 
B) Glomerulus 
C) Bowman capsule 
D) Loop of Henle 
E) Proximal convoluted tubule
F)Collecting duct
G)Peritubular capillary
H)Vasa recta

Question 19

Urine consists of approximately 75% water.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Explain how ADH regulates the amount of urine produced and explain how the loop of Henle allows ADH to increase water absorption.

Accepted Answer

ADH, or antidiuretic hormone, regulates

Exam 42: Urinary System

The loop of Henle and the vasa recta have a countercurrent structure.

Micturition is the process of voiding urine.

A person with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus will have a higher-than-normal solute concentration in the urine.

Starting with the afferent arteriole, place the parts of the nephron in correct anatomical order, beginning with the number 1. -Bowman capsule

Which of the following statements is not true of the ureter?

Explain how the loop of Henle establishes a solute concentration gradient from the top of the loop to the bottom of the loop.

Glomerular endothelium is similar to tissue capillary endothelium in that both have approximately the same number of pores, or fenestrations.

About 180 liters of filtrate is formed each day.

Place in correct anatomical order the structures of the pathway of urine leaving the distal tubule, beginning with the number 1. -Renal papilla

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are a popular type of drug used to reduce high blood pressure. They act by preventing the activation of angiotensin. Briefly explain how the drugs can lower blood pressure.

The fibrous adventitia covers only the superior surface of the bladder; the rest is covered by the parietal peritoneum.

Starting with the afferent arteriole, place the parts of the nephron in correct anatomical order, beginning with the number 1. -Descending limb of the loop of Henle

Of all the blood pumped per minute by the heart, approximately ____ goes through the kidneys.

The fluid at the top of the ascending limb of the loop of Henle is about 100 mOsm, which makes it hypertonic to most other body fluids.

The renal artery branches directly from the abdominal aorta.

Starting with the afferent arteriole, place the parts of the nephron in correct anatomical order, beginning with the number 1. -Glomerulus

Match each of the structures of the nephron with its description, function, or location. -Structure other than the collecting duct in which adjustment of blood pH can occur

Urine consists of approximately 75% water.

Explain how ADH regulates the amount of urine produced and explain how the loop of Henle allows ADH to increase water absorption.

Organization of the Body

Homeostasis

Chemical Basis of Life

Biomolecules

Cell Structure

Cell Function

Cell Growth and Development

Introduction to Tissues

Tissue Types

Skin

Skeletal Tissues

Axial Skeleton

Appendicular Skeleton

Articulations

Axial Muscles

Appendicular Muscles

Muscle Contraction

Nervous System Cells

Nerve Signaling

Central Nervous System

Peripheral Nervous System

Autonomic Nervous System

General Senses

Special Senses

Endocrine Regulation

Endocrine Glands

Blood

Heart

Blood Vessels

Circulation of the Blood

Lymphatic System

Innate Immunity

Adaptive Immunity

Stress

Respiratory Tract

Ventilation

Gas Exchange & Transport

Upper Digestive Tract

Lower Digestive Tract

Digestion and Absorption

Nutrition and Metabolism

Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

Acid Base Balance

Male Reproductive System

Female Reproductive System

Growth and Development

Genetics and Heredity

Filters