Question 1

In which parts of the nephron do all of the following functions occur: passive reabsorption, active reabsorption, passive secretion, and active secretion?

Accepted Answer

A)  Proximal tubule and the renal corpuscle 
B)  Collecting duct and the distal tubule 
C)  Collecting duct and the ascending limb of Henle 
D)  Collecting duct and the descending limb of Henle 
A)  Proximal tubule and the renal corpuscle 
B)  Collecting duct and the distal tubule 
C)  Collecting duct and the ascending limb of Henle 
D)  Collecting duct and the descending limb of Henle

Question 2

The nitrogenous wastes in the urine are usually the result of protein catabolism. They include all except:

Accepted Answer

A)  urea. 
B)  ammonia. 
C)  creatinine. 
D)  amino acids. 
A)  urea. 
B)  ammonia. 
C)  creatinine. 
D)  amino acids.

Question 3

About 10% of the blood pumped by the heart per minute goes to the kidneys.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

ADH has the greatest effect on the reabsorption of water in the:

Accepted Answer

A)  proximal tubule. 
B)  ascending loop of Henle. 
C)  descending loop of Henle. 
D)  distal tubule. 
A)  proximal tubule. 
B)  ascending loop of Henle. 
C)  descending loop of Henle. 
D)  distal tubule.

Question 5

A portion of the nephron that can lie within the medulla is the:

Accepted Answer

A)  proximal tubule. 
B)  Bowman capsule. 
C)  distal tubule. 
D)  loop of Henle. 
A)  proximal tubule. 
B)  Bowman capsule. 
C)  distal tubule. 
D)  loop of Henle.

Question 6

The macula densa is considered a mechanoreceptor.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The urinary bladder is a collapsible bag located behind the symphysis pubis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Structures such as the ureter and blood vessels enter and leave the kidney through the hilum.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Cells in the juxtaglomerular apparatus release renin.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Place in correct anatomical order the structures of the pathway of urine leaving the distal tubule, beginning with the number 1.
-Urethra

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 5
F)6
G)7 
A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 5
F)6
G)7

Question 11

Corky was in a diving accident that resulted in her spinal cord being severed. She was paralyzed from the waist down and, as a result, became incontinent. Her physician was concerned about the continuous residual urine buildup. What was the reason for this concern?

Accepted Answer

The reason for the physician's concern a

Question 12

The portion of the nephron that empties into a calyx is the:

Accepted Answer

A)  distal tubule. 
B)  loop of Henle. 
C)  collecting tubule. 
D)  proximal tubule. 
A)  distal tubule. 
B)  loop of Henle. 
C)  collecting tubule. 
D)  proximal tubule.

Question 13

Glomerular hydrostatic pressure and filtration are directly related to systemic blood pressure.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Glycosuria refers to blood in the urine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which statement best explains the process of filtration in the nephron?

Accepted Answer

A)  Filtration occurs as a result of passive and active transport mechanisms from all parts of the renal tubules; a major portion of reabsorption occurs in the proximal tubule. 
B)  Filtration is the movement of molecules out of peritubular blood and into the tubule for excretion. 
C)  Filtration is the movement of molecules out of the tubule and into peritubular blood. 
D)  Filtration is the movement of water and protein-free solutes from plasma in the glomerulus into the capsular space of Bowman capsule. 
A)  Filtration occurs as a result of passive and active transport mechanisms from all parts of the renal tubules; a major portion of reabsorption occurs in the proximal tubule. 
B)  Filtration is the movement of molecules out of peritubular blood and into the tubule for excretion. 
C)  Filtration is the movement of molecules out of the tubule and into peritubular blood. 
D)  Filtration is the movement of water and protein-free solutes from plasma in the glomerulus into the capsular space of Bowman capsule.

Question 16

Blood leaves the glomerulus through efferent venules.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Place in correct anatomical order the structures of the pathway of urine leaving the distal tubule, beginning with the number 1.
-Ureter

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 5
F)6
G)7 
A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 5
F)6
G)7

Question 18

The renal corpuscle is another name for the nephron.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Match each of the structures of the nephron with its description, function, or location.
-Blood vessel that surrounds the tubules of the nephron

Accepted Answer

A) Distal convoluted tubule 
B) Glomerulus 
C) Bowman capsule 
D) Loop of Henle 
E) Proximal convoluted tubule
F)Collecting duct
G)Peritubular capillary
H)Vasa recta 
A) Distal convoluted tubule 
B) Glomerulus 
C) Bowman capsule 
D) Loop of Henle 
E) Proximal convoluted tubule
F)Collecting duct
G)Peritubular capillary
H)Vasa recta

Question 20

The function of the urinary bladder is to:

Accepted Answer

A)  serve as a reservoir for urine before it leaves the body. 
B)  expel urine from the body, aided by the urethra. 
C)  help concentrate the urine in periods of dehydration. 
D)  do both A and B. 
A)  serve as a reservoir for urine before it leaves the body. 
B)  expel urine from the body, aided by the urethra. 
C)  help concentrate the urine in periods of dehydration. 
D)  do both A and B.

Exam 42: Urinary System

In which parts of the nephron do all of the following functions occur: passive reabsorption, active reabsorption, passive secretion, and active secretion?

The nitrogenous wastes in the urine are usually the result of protein catabolism. They include all except:

About 10% of the blood pumped by the heart per minute goes to the kidneys.

ADH has the greatest effect on the reabsorption of water in the:

A portion of the nephron that can lie within the medulla is the:

The macula densa is considered a mechanoreceptor.

The urinary bladder is a collapsible bag located behind the symphysis pubis.

Structures such as the ureter and blood vessels enter and leave the kidney through the hilum.

Cells in the juxtaglomerular apparatus release renin.

Place in correct anatomical order the structures of the pathway of urine leaving the distal tubule, beginning with the number 1. -Urethra

Corky was in a diving accident that resulted in her spinal cord being severed. She was paralyzed from the waist down and, as a result, became incontinent. Her physician was concerned about the continuous residual urine buildup. What was the reason for this concern?

The portion of the nephron that empties into a calyx is the:

Glomerular hydrostatic pressure and filtration are directly related to systemic blood pressure.

Glycosuria refers to blood in the urine.

Which statement best explains the process of filtration in the nephron?

Blood leaves the glomerulus through efferent venules.

Place in correct anatomical order the structures of the pathway of urine leaving the distal tubule, beginning with the number 1. -Ureter

The renal corpuscle is another name for the nephron.

Match each of the structures of the nephron with its description, function, or location. -Blood vessel that surrounds the tubules of the nephron

The function of the urinary bladder is to:

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