Question 1

All of the following characterized civil society and the public sphere in Enlightenment Europe EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) mixing of aristocrats with other social classes. 
B) restriction to a few major cities. 
C) membership based on common interests and curiosity rather than religion, kin, or occupational affiliation. 
D) most of the members had some surplus wealth. 
E) informal training in self-governance, self-education, and social criticism. 
A) mixing of aristocrats with other social classes. 
B) restriction to a few major cities. 
C) membership based on common interests and curiosity rather than religion, kin, or occupational affiliation. 
D) most of the members had some surplus wealth. 
E) informal training in self-governance, self-education, and social criticism.

Question 2

The imposters referred to in The Treatise of the Three Imposters are

Accepted Answer

A) Luther, Zwingli, and Calvin. 
B) Bacon, Descartes, and Newton. 
C) Machiavelli, Spinoza, and Hobbes. 
D) the kings of England, France, and Spain. 
E) Jesus, Moses, and Muhammad. 
A) Luther, Zwingli, and Calvin. 
B) Bacon, Descartes, and Newton. 
C) Machiavelli, Spinoza, and Hobbes. 
D) the kings of England, France, and Spain. 
E) Jesus, Moses, and Muhammad.

Question 3

Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? 
 laissez faire

Accepted Answer

Laissez-faire is an economic theory that

Question 4

Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? 
 civil society

Accepted Answer

Civil society refers to the community of

Question 5

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. In challenging traditional values and authorities, how did the Enlightenment contribute to a new, modern worldview?

Accepted Answer

The Enlightenment was a period of intell

Question 6

Which of the following statements is NOT  accurate? In the eighteenth century

Accepted Answer

A) the Enlightenment and the French Revolution sparked a movement for Hungarian nationalism. 
B) Hungary rapidly modernized , and its population doubled. 
C) Poland expelled the Jesuits in 1793 and instituted educational reform. 
D) Prussia, Russia, and Austria participated in the partitioning of Poland. 
E) the Enlightenment had a similar impact in all of the countries of Eastern Europe. 
A) the Enlightenment and the French Revolution sparked a movement for Hungarian nationalism. 
B) Hungary rapidly modernized , and its population doubled. 
C) Poland expelled the Jesuits in 1793 and instituted educational reform. 
D) Prussia, Russia, and Austria participated in the partitioning of Poland. 
E) the Enlightenment had a similar impact in all of the countries of Eastern Europe.

Question 7

Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? 
 deism

Accepted Answer

Deism is a philosophical belief that pos

Question 8

Enlightenment thinkers of which country took the lead in attacking slavery?

Accepted Answer

A) Britain 
B) Spain 
C) France 
D) the Dutch Republic 
E) the Papal States 
A) Britain 
B) Spain 
C) France 
D) the Dutch Republic 
E) the Papal States

Question 9

Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? 
 general will

Accepted Answer

The general will refers to the collectiv

Question 10

Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? 
 social contract

Accepted Answer

The social contract is a political theor

Question 11

Which of the following countries did NOT  have enlightened despotism in the eighteenth century?

Accepted Answer

A) England 
B) Austria 
C) Spain 
D) Prussia 
E) Russia 
A) England 
B) Austria 
C) Spain 
D) Prussia 
E) Russia

Question 12

Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? 
 freethinker

Accepted Answer

A freethinker is someone who forms their

Question 13

That "Man is born free; and everywhere he is in chains" was the stirring pronouncement of

Accepted Answer

A) Rousseau. 
B) Locke. 
C) Diderot. 
D) Jefferson. 
E) Beccaria. 
A) Rousseau. 
B) Locke. 
C) Diderot. 
D) Jefferson. 
E) Beccaria.

Question 14

Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? 
 epistemology

Accepted Answer

Epistemology is the branch of philosophy

Question 15

In general the philosophes attacked all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) the clergy. 
B) slavery. 
C) the scholastic learning of the universities. 
D) secularism. 
E) Slavery. 
A) the clergy. 
B) slavery. 
C) the scholastic learning of the universities. 
D) secularism. 
E) Slavery.

Question 16

Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? 
 skepticism

Accepted Answer

Skepticism is the attitude of doubting o

Question 17

The term tabula rasa relates most to the concept that

Accepted Answer

A) economic tables of the law of supply and demand should be kept by modern states. 
B) no ideas are innate. 
C) slavery was part of the chain of being. 
D) original sin must be removed by baptism. 
E) tyranny breaks the social contract and society returns to the state of nature. 
A) economic tables of the law of supply and demand should be kept by modern states. 
B) no ideas are innate. 
C) slavery was part of the chain of being. 
D) original sin must be removed by baptism. 
E) tyranny breaks the social contract and society returns to the state of nature.

Question 18

Philosophes of the High Enlightenment were increasingly

Accepted Answer

A) academic in their discourses. 
B) isolated in society. 
C) revolutionary in their views. 
D) religious in their outlook. 
E) elitist. 
A) academic in their discourses. 
B) isolated in society. 
C) revolutionary in their views. 
D) religious in their outlook. 
E) elitist.

Question 19

John Locke's ideal form of government can best be described as a

Accepted Answer

A) constitutional state based on the consent of the governed and respectful of each person's natural rights except for Catholics and atheists. 
B) absolute monarchy guided by the principles of the Enlightenment. 
C) constitutional state based on the consent of the governed and respectful of everyone's natural rights. 
D) divine right monarchy. 
E) constitutional state guided by the general will defined as the consensus of well-informed citizens. 
A) constitutional state based on the consent of the governed and respectful of each person's natural rights except for Catholics and atheists. 
B) absolute monarchy guided by the principles of the Enlightenment. 
C) constitutional state based on the consent of the governed and respectful of everyone's natural rights. 
D) divine right monarchy. 
E) constitutional state guided by the general will defined as the consensus of well-informed citizens.

Question 20

Locke's theory of education

Accepted Answer

A) questioned the Christian belief in a sinful human nature. 
B) indicated that nurture is more important than nature. 
C) held that a person must test knowledge with his own sense experience. 
D) assumed all knowledge ultimately comes from the senses. 
E) all of the above 
A) questioned the Christian belief in a sinful human nature. 
B) indicated that nurture is more important than nature. 
C) held that a person must test knowledge with his own sense experience. 
D) assumed all knowledge ultimately comes from the senses. 
E) all of the above

Exam 18: The Age of Enlightenment Reason and Reform

All of the following characterized civil society and the public sphere in Enlightenment Europe EXCEPT

The imposters referred to in The Treatise of the Three Imposters are

Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? laissez faire

Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? civil society

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. In challenging traditional values and authorities, how did the Enlightenment contribute to a new, modern worldview?

Which of the following statements is NOT accurate? In the eighteenth century

Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? deism

Enlightenment thinkers of which country took the lead in attacking slavery?

Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? general will

Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? social contract

Which of the following countries did NOT have enlightened despotism in the eighteenth century?

Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? freethinker

That "Man is born free; and everywhere he is in chains" was the stirring pronouncement of

Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? epistemology

In general the philosophes attacked all of the following EXCEPT

Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? skepticism

The term tabula rasa relates most to the concept that

Philosophes of the High Enlightenment were increasingly

John Locke's ideal form of government can best be described as a

Locke's theory of education

The Ancient Near East: The First Civilizations

The Hebrews: a New View of God and the Individual

The Greek City-State Democratic Politics

Greek Thought From Myth to Reason

The Hellenistic Age Cultural Diffusion

The Roman Republic City-State to World Empire

The Roman Empire a World-State

Early Christianity a World Religion

The Heirs of Rome Byzantium Islam and Latin Christendom

The High Middle Ages Vitality and Enewal

The Flowering of Medieval Culture the Christian Synthesis

The Late Middle Ages Crisis and Dissolution

The Renaissance Transition to the Modern Age

The Reformation the Shattering of Christian Unity

European Expansion Economic and Social Transformations

The Rise of Sovereignty Transition to the Modern State

The Scientific Revolution the Universe Seen As a Mechanism

The French Revolution the Affirmation of Liberty and Equality

The Industrial Revolution the Great Transformation

Thought and Culture in the Early Nineteenth Century

Revolution and Counterrevolution 1815-1848

Thought and Culture in the Mid-Nineteenth Century Realism and Social Criticism

The Surge of Nationalism From Liberal to Extreme Nationalism

The Industrial West Responses to Modernization

Imperialism Western Global Dominance

Modern Consciousness New Views of Nature Human Nature and the Arts

World War I the West in Despair

An Era of Totalitarianism

Thought and Culture in an Era of World Wars and Totalitarianism

World War II Western Civilization in the Balance

Europe After World War II Recovery and Realignment 1945-1989

The Troubled Present

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