Question 1

Which two countries were in the forefront of European commercial expansion in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries?

Accepted Answer

A) the United Provinces and England 
B) Spain and Portugal 
C) France and Spain 
D) Belgium and Italy 
E) England and France 
A) the United Provinces and England 
B) Spain and Portugal 
C) France and Spain 
D) Belgium and Italy 
E) England and France

Question 2

By 1750 the model Christian in northwestern Europe was

Accepted Answer

A) the selfless saint. 
B) the learned humanist. 
C) the enterprising businessman. 
D) the secluded monk. 
E) the pious priest. 
A) the selfless saint. 
B) the learned humanist. 
C) the enterprising businessman. 
D) the secluded monk. 
E) the pious priest.

Question 3

What was the significant shift in policy in the mid-seventeenth century that enabled the English to eventually take the lead in commerce from the Dutch?

Accepted Answer

A) The king and Parliament decided that English should concentrate on the lucrative slave trade. 
B) The king decided to back policy more favorable to the business class. 
C) After its revolution, Parliament adopted pro-business legislation. 
D) Parliament imposed Puritanism on England. 
E) England decided to directly attack the Spanish Empire in the New World. 
A) The king and Parliament decided that English should concentrate on the lucrative slave trade. 
B) The king decided to back policy more favorable to the business class. 
C) After its revolution, Parliament adopted pro-business legislation. 
D) Parliament imposed Puritanism on England. 
E) England decided to directly attack the Spanish Empire in the New World.

Question 4

Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? 
 consumerism

Accepted Answer

Consumerism is a social and economic phe

Question 5

The domestic system of cottage industry did all the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) offer earnings opportunities for peasants who had been forced off the land. 
B) help industrial capitalism develop. 
C) help to convert the old master-apprentice relationship into an owner-worker relationship. 
D) maintain the quality standards, high pay for producers, and good working conditions of the guilds. 
E) tie local production to a larger market. 
A) offer earnings opportunities for peasants who had been forced off the land. 
B) help industrial capitalism develop. 
C) help to convert the old master-apprentice relationship into an owner-worker relationship. 
D) maintain the quality standards, high pay for producers, and good working conditions of the guilds. 
E) tie local production to a larger market.

Question 6

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. What caused the price revolution of the sixteenth century? What impact did it have on Europe?

Accepted Answer

The price revolution of the sixteenth ce

Question 7

The higher incomes that accompanied the price revolution

Accepted Answer

A) resulted in lower prices of bread. 
B) created a rising demand for consumer goods. 
C) never trickled down to the peasants. 
D) stifled the production of non-food items. 
E) negatively impacted the spice trade. 
A) resulted in lower prices of bread. 
B) created a rising demand for consumer goods. 
C) never trickled down to the peasants. 
D) stifled the production of non-food items. 
E) negatively impacted the spice trade.

Question 8

Which of the following INCORRECTLY describes the fate of the eleven or twelve million Africans forcefully moved to the New World?

Accepted Answer

A) Some 13 to 30 percent died during the trans-Atlantic passage. 
B) About 600,000 of these were sent to British North America; by 1830, though, North American slaves accounted for a third of all slaves in the New World. 
C) Upon arrival, they were auctioned off naked and greased to improve their appearance. 
D) In Brazil and the West Indies, slaves were worked to death and then replaced. 
E) Generally, slaves worked eleven-hour days seven days a week. 
A) Some 13 to 30 percent died during the trans-Atlantic passage. 
B) About 600,000 of these were sent to British North America; by 1830, though, North American slaves accounted for a third of all slaves in the New World. 
C) Upon arrival, they were auctioned off naked and greased to improve their appearance. 
D) In Brazil and the West Indies, slaves were worked to death and then replaced. 
E) Generally, slaves worked eleven-hour days seven days a week.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT true of early modern governments and investment?

Accepted Answer

A) Capitalism developed in all European states at the same pace, due to governmental support. 
B) Government spending decreased during the early modern period. 
C) State policies discouraged investment in all European states, encouraging traditional economic forms and structures instead. 
D) Merchants who supplied governments prospered and reinvested because of the constancy of government demand. 
E) Governments sought to augment their wealth by pursuing dependence on other states for goods not produced at home. 
A) Capitalism developed in all European states at the same pace, due to governmental support. 
B) Government spending decreased during the early modern period. 
C) State policies discouraged investment in all European states, encouraging traditional economic forms and structures instead. 
D) Merchants who supplied governments prospered and reinvested because of the constancy of government demand. 
E) Governments sought to augment their wealth by pursuing dependence on other states for goods not produced at home.

Question 10

European naval superiority was first demonstrated by the major Portuguese victor over a Muslim fleet off the coast of

Accepted Answer

A) Mauritania. 
B) India. 
C) Ceylon. 
D) Java. 
E) Arabia. 
A) Mauritania. 
B) India. 
C) Ceylon. 
D) Java. 
E) Arabia.

Question 11

Beginning in the 1540s, the position of the indigenous population in Spanish America improved because

Accepted Answer

A) the crown established the encomiendas . 
B) crown officials assumed authority over the population. 
C) Spanish control waned. 
D) prices rose in Europe. 
E) plantations were introduced. 
A) the crown established the encomiendas . 
B) crown officials assumed authority over the population. 
C) Spanish control waned. 
D) prices rose in Europe. 
E) plantations were introduced.

Question 12

Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? 
 encomenderos

Accepted Answer

Encomenderos were Spanish settlers who w

Question 13

English trade in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries included which of the following items?

Accepted Answer

A) raw wool 
B) woolens 
C) ships 
D) guns 
E) all of the above 
A) raw wool 
B) woolens 
C) ships 
D) guns 
E) all of the above

Question 14

Portugal was particularly well-suited for overseas expansion for all the following reasons EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) the country possessed a long coastline and being hemmed in by Castile, it looked outward to sea for new opportunities. 
B) its large nobility looked for new lands to conquer. 
C) it already was Northern Europe's closest supplier of subtropical products like cork, fruit, wine, and olive oil. 
D) a sunny climate encouraged ocean travel. 
E) its monarchy sought to continue the Reconquista into a more general war against the Muslims. 
A) the country possessed a long coastline and being hemmed in by Castile, it looked outward to sea for new opportunities. 
B) its large nobility looked for new lands to conquer. 
C) it already was Northern Europe's closest supplier of subtropical products like cork, fruit, wine, and olive oil. 
D) a sunny climate encouraged ocean travel. 
E) its monarchy sought to continue the Reconquista into a more general war against the Muslims.

Question 15

Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? 
 open-field system

Accepted Answer

The open-field system was a prevalent ag

Question 16

Instructions: Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).   
 Locate and label at least three towns that had a population of 30,000 or more and two cities of at least 200,000.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Instructions: Please use this outline map of...

Question 17

The first new areas settled by the Portuguese in the fifteenth century were

Accepted Answer

A) the Balearic Islands. 
B) Tunisia and adjacent North African towns. 
C) the Orkneys. 
D) Madeira, the Canary Islands, and the Azores. 
E) Gibraltar and Algeciras. 
A) the Balearic Islands. 
B) Tunisia and adjacent North African towns. 
C) the Orkneys. 
D) Madeira, the Canary Islands, and the Azores. 
E) Gibraltar and Algeciras.

Question 18

Encomiendas were

Accepted Answer

A) land grants. 
B) royal grants of authority over Native Americans. 
C) estates willed to younger sons of the Spanish nobility. 
D) official letters from the Spanish king designating his chosen agents. 
E) equivalent to estancias . 
A) land grants. 
B) royal grants of authority over Native Americans. 
C) estates willed to younger sons of the Spanish nobility. 
D) official letters from the Spanish king designating his chosen agents. 
E) equivalent to estancias .

Question 19

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. Explain the changes in the New World resulting from contact with Europe.

Accepted Answer

The contact between the New World and Eu

Question 20

Capitalism in early modern Europe required all the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) the ability of individuals to make the main economic decisions. 
B) democracy. 
C) a well-developed market. 
D) the freedom to obey the law of supply and demand. 
E) favorable conditions for risk-taking, that is, incentives to invest and reinvest. 
A) the ability of individuals to make the main economic decisions. 
B) democracy. 
C) a well-developed market. 
D) the freedom to obey the law of supply and demand. 
E) favorable conditions for risk-taking, that is, incentives to invest and reinvest.

Exam 15: European Expansion Economic and Social Transformations

Which two countries were in the forefront of European commercial expansion in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries?

By 1750 the model Christian in northwestern Europe was

What was the significant shift in policy in the mid-seventeenth century that enabled the English to eventually take the lead in commerce from the Dutch?

Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? consumerism

The domestic system of cottage industry did all the following EXCEPT

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. What caused the price revolution of the sixteenth century? What impact did it have on Europe?

The higher incomes that accompanied the price revolution

Which of the following INCORRECTLY describes the fate of the eleven or twelve million Africans forcefully moved to the New World?

Which of the following is NOT true of early modern governments and investment?

European naval superiority was first demonstrated by the major Portuguese victor over a Muslim fleet off the coast of

Beginning in the 1540s, the position of the indigenous population in Spanish America improved because

Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? encomenderos

English trade in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries included which of the following items?

Portugal was particularly well-suited for overseas expansion for all the following reasons EXCEPT

Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? open-field system

Instructions: Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s). Locate and label at least three towns that had a population of 30,000 or more and two cities of at least 200,000.

The first new areas settled by the Portuguese in the fifteenth century were

Encomiendas were

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. Explain the changes in the New World resulting from contact with Europe.

Capitalism in early modern Europe required all the following EXCEPT

The Ancient Near East: The First Civilizations

The Hebrews: a New View of God and the Individual

The Greek City-State Democratic Politics

Greek Thought From Myth to Reason

The Hellenistic Age Cultural Diffusion

The Roman Republic City-State to World Empire

The Roman Empire a World-State

Early Christianity a World Religion

The Heirs of Rome Byzantium Islam and Latin Christendom

The High Middle Ages Vitality and Enewal

The Flowering of Medieval Culture the Christian Synthesis

The Late Middle Ages Crisis and Dissolution

The Renaissance Transition to the Modern Age

The Reformation the Shattering of Christian Unity

The Rise of Sovereignty Transition to the Modern State

The Scientific Revolution the Universe Seen As a Mechanism

The Age of Enlightenment Reason and Reform

The French Revolution the Affirmation of Liberty and Equality

The Industrial Revolution the Great Transformation

Thought and Culture in the Early Nineteenth Century

Revolution and Counterrevolution 1815-1848

Thought and Culture in the Mid-Nineteenth Century Realism and Social Criticism

The Surge of Nationalism From Liberal to Extreme Nationalism

The Industrial West Responses to Modernization

Imperialism Western Global Dominance

Modern Consciousness New Views of Nature Human Nature and the Arts

World War I the West in Despair

An Era of Totalitarianism

Thought and Culture in an Era of World Wars and Totalitarianism

World War II Western Civilization in the Balance

Europe After World War II Recovery and Realignment 1945-1989

The Troubled Present

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