Question 1

How are vitamins similar to carbohydrates, fats, and proteins?

Accepted Answer

A)  typical roles in the body 
B)  organic nature 
C)  chemical structure 
D)  amounts required in the diet 
E)  rate of absorption 
A)  typical roles in the body 
B)  organic nature 
C)  chemical structure 
D)  amounts required in the diet 
E)  rate of absorption

Question 2

The absorption of iron from iron-containing foods can double or triple when eaten at the same meal with foods containing:

Accepted Answer

A)  folate. 
B)  protein. 
C)  vitamin C. 
D)  calcium. 
E)  phosphorous. 
A)  folate. 
B)  protein. 
C)  vitamin C. 
D)  calcium. 
E)  phosphorous.

Question 3

Research concerning the safety and effectiveness of manufactured functional foods:

Accepted Answer

A)  indicates that they should be avoided. 
B)  shows definite benefits to consuming such foods. 
C)  suggests that they may be substituted for prescription drugs. 
D)  is supported by the FDA. 
E)  is inconclusive at this time. 
A)  indicates that they should be avoided. 
B)  shows definite benefits to consuming such foods. 
C)  suggests that they may be substituted for prescription drugs. 
D)  is supported by the FDA. 
E)  is inconclusive at this time.

Question 4

Absorption of which of the following requires the presence of intrinsic factor?

Accepted Answer

A)  vitamin B6 
B)  vitamin D 
C)  vitamin B12 
D)  vitamin A 
E)  vitamin K 
A)  vitamin B6 
B)  vitamin D 
C)  vitamin B12 
D)  vitamin A 
E)  vitamin K

Question 5

Vitamin A toxicity is likely to result from:

Accepted Answer

A)  consuming too many dark green and deep orange vegetables. 
B)  overconsumption of whole grains. 
C)  consuming large amounts of fortified foods or vitamin A supplements. 
D)  drinking too much orange juice. 
E)  prescription acne treatments. 
A)  consuming too many dark green and deep orange vegetables. 
B)  overconsumption of whole grains. 
C)  consuming large amounts of fortified foods or vitamin A supplements. 
D)  drinking too much orange juice. 
E)  prescription acne treatments.

Question 6

Which of the following statements is true of niacin?

Accepted Answer

A)  It can be synthesized in the body from the amino acid tryptophan. 
B)  It can be used successfully to cure schizophrenia. 
C)  It is water soluble and therefore safe to administer in large doses. 
D)  It is an antioxidant. 
E)  A deficiency during pregnancy can lead to neural tube defects. 
A)  It can be synthesized in the body from the amino acid tryptophan. 
B)  It can be used successfully to cure schizophrenia. 
C)  It is water soluble and therefore safe to administer in large doses. 
D)  It is an antioxidant. 
E)  A deficiency during pregnancy can lead to neural tube defects.

Question 7

In which of the following foods would you find the least amount of Vitamin E?

Accepted Answer

A)  margarine 
B)  salad dressing 
C)  wheat germ oil 
D)  butter 
E)  shortening 
A)  margarine 
B)  salad dressing 
C)  wheat germ oil 
D)  butter 
E)  shortening

Question 8

Beta-carotene prevents which of the following from damaging cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  free radicals 
B)  antioxidants 
C)  blood clots 
D)  vitamin E 
E)  calciferol 
A)  free radicals 
B)  antioxidants 
C)  blood clots 
D)  vitamin E 
E)  calciferol

Question 9

The effects of a deficiency of vitamin D are most readily observed in the:

Accepted Answer

A)  nervous system. 
B)  cardiovascular system. 
C)  muscular system. 
D)  epithelial tissue. 
E)  skeletal system. 
A)  nervous system. 
B)  cardiovascular system. 
C)  muscular system. 
D)  epithelial tissue. 
E)  skeletal system.

Question 10

Vitamin E deficiency causes:

Accepted Answer

A)  xerophthalmia. 
B)  rickets. 
C)  leukocytosis. 
D)  osteomalacia. 
E)  erythrocyte hemolysis. 
A)  xerophthalmia. 
B)  rickets. 
C)  leukocytosis. 
D)  osteomalacia. 
E)  erythrocyte hemolysis.

Question 11

The formation of collagen requires an adequate intake of:

Accepted Answer

A)  vitamin K. 
B)  vitamin E. 
C)  vitamin C. 
D)  folate. 
E)  biotin. 
A)  vitamin K. 
B)  vitamin E. 
C)  vitamin C. 
D)  folate. 
E)  biotin.

Question 12

Many of the symptoms of vitamin A deficiency, such as blindness and an increase in respiratory infections, are related to the role of vitamin A in:

Accepted Answer

A)  blood clotting. 
B)  synthesis of visual pigments. 
C)  controlling osteoclast and osteoblast activity. 
D)  synthesis of hormones. 
E)  maintaining the epithelial cells. 
A)  blood clotting. 
B)  synthesis of visual pigments. 
C)  controlling osteoclast and osteoblast activity. 
D)  synthesis of hormones. 
E)  maintaining the epithelial cells.

Question 13

After 30 minutes of sun exposure, which of the following people would have synthesized more vitamin D?

Accepted Answer

A)  a light-skinned person 
B)  a dark-skinned person 
C)  neither, because skin pigmentation is not related to vitamin D synthesis 
D)  they would both synthesize the same amount 
E)  a heavily-wrinkled person 
A)  a light-skinned person 
B)  a dark-skinned person 
C)  neither, because skin pigmentation is not related to vitamin D synthesis 
D)  they would both synthesize the same amount 
E)  a heavily-wrinkled person

Question 14

Riboflavin is used by the body to:

Accepted Answer

A)  facilitate energy metabolism. 
B)  prevent the disease pellagra. 
C)  provide building material for red blood cells. 
D)  maintain epithelial tissue. 
E)  synthesize niacin. 
A)  facilitate energy metabolism. 
B)  prevent the disease pellagra. 
C)  provide building material for red blood cells. 
D)  maintain epithelial tissue. 
E)  synthesize niacin.

Question 15

The active form of vitamin A for vision is:

Accepted Answer

A)  opsin. 
B)  retinoic acid. 
C)  retinal. 
D)  rhodopsin. 
E)  retinol-binding protein. 
A)  opsin. 
B)  retinoic acid. 
C)  retinal. 
D)  rhodopsin. 
E)  retinol-binding protein.

Question 16

Which vitamin is synthesized in the intestine by bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A)  vitamin A 
B)  vitamin C 
C)  vitamin D 
D)  vitamin E 
E)  vitamin K 
A)  vitamin A 
B)  vitamin C 
C)  vitamin D 
D)  vitamin E 
E)  vitamin K

Question 17

If your eyes have difficulty adjusting to dim light, eating which of the following foods daily might improve your vision?

Accepted Answer

A)  steamed carrots 
B)  a peanut butter sandwich 
C)  brewer's yeast 
D)  pork chops 
E)  tofu 
A)  steamed carrots 
B)  a peanut butter sandwich 
C)  brewer's yeast 
D)  pork chops 
E)  tofu

Question 18

The replacement of red blood cells and digestive tract cells depends most heavily on:

Accepted Answer

A)  thiamin. 
B)  riboflavin. 
C)  niacin. 
D)  cobalamin. 
E)  folate. 
A)  thiamin. 
B)  riboflavin. 
C)  niacin. 
D)  cobalamin. 
E)  folate.

Question 19

Abuse of alcohol may lead to a severe form of thiamin deficiency called:

Accepted Answer

A)  beriberi. 
B)  Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. 
C)  pellagra. 
D)  rickets. 
E)  atrophic gastritis. 
A)  beriberi. 
B)  Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. 
C)  pellagra. 
D)  rickets. 
E)  atrophic gastritis.

Question 20

Children with measles or measles-related infections may benefit from supplementation with:

Accepted Answer

A)  vitamin C. 
B)  vitamin A. 
C)  iron. 
D)  folate. 
E)  vitamin E. 
A)  vitamin C. 
B)  vitamin A. 
C)  iron. 
D)  folate. 
E)  vitamin E.

Exam 8: The Vitamins

How are vitamins similar to carbohydrates, fats, and proteins?

The absorption of iron from iron-containing foods can double or triple when eaten at the same meal with foods containing:

Research concerning the safety and effectiveness of manufactured functional foods:

Absorption of which of the following requires the presence of intrinsic factor?

Vitamin A toxicity is likely to result from:

Which of the following statements is true of niacin?

In which of the following foods would you find the least amount of Vitamin E?

Beta-carotene prevents which of the following from damaging cells?

The effects of a deficiency of vitamin D are most readily observed in the:

Vitamin E deficiency causes:

The formation of collagen requires an adequate intake of:

Many of the symptoms of vitamin A deficiency, such as blindness and an increase in respiratory infections, are related to the role of vitamin A in:

After 30 minutes of sun exposure, which of the following people would have synthesized more vitamin D?

Riboflavin is used by the body to:

The active form of vitamin A for vision is:

Which vitamin is synthesized in the intestine by bacteria?

If your eyes have difficulty adjusting to dim light, eating which of the following foods daily might improve your vision?

The replacement of red blood cells and digestive tract cells depends most heavily on:

Abuse of alcohol may lead to a severe form of thiamin deficiency called:

Children with measles or measles-related infections may benefit from supplementation with:

Overview of Nutrition and Health

Digestion and Absorption

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Protein

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management

Water and the Minerals

Nutrition Through the Life Span: Pregnancy and Lactation

Nutrition Through the Life Span: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Nutrition Through the Life Span: Later Adulthood

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention and Diet-Drug Interactions

Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition Support

Nutrition in Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Nutrition and Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Nutrition and Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Nutrition and Liver Diseases

Nutrition and Diabetes Mellitus

Nutrition and Cardiovascular Diseases

Nutrition and Renal Diseases

Nutrition, Cancer, and Hiv Infection

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