Question 1

Genetic recombination can occur ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  during DNA replication 
B)  during asexual reproduction 
C)  during mitosis 
D)  from an Hfr X F-conjugation 
E)  from an F+X F-conjugation 
A)  during DNA replication 
B)  during asexual reproduction 
C)  during mitosis 
D)  from an Hfr X F-conjugation 
E)  from an F+X F-conjugation

Question 2

A researcher is looking for met-strains. He compares two plates. One plate has colonies growing on complete medium. The other plate has colonies growing on methionine-deficient medium. How can the researcher determine which colonies are met-?

Accepted Answer

A)  The colonies growing on the methionine-deficient plate are met-. 
B)  Colonies growing on the complete medium, but not on the methionine-deficient medium are met-. 
C)  More experiments must be performed to identify the met-colonies. 
D)  All of the colonies growing on the complete medium are met-. 
E)  Colonies growing on the methionine-deficient medium, but not on complete medium are met-. 
A)  The colonies growing on the methionine-deficient plate are met-. 
B)  Colonies growing on the complete medium, but not on the methionine-deficient medium are met-. 
C)  More experiments must be performed to identify the met-colonies. 
D)  All of the colonies growing on the complete medium are met-. 
E)  Colonies growing on the methionine-deficient medium, but not on complete medium are met-.

Question 3

Figure 17.1
Use the accompanying figure .
The gene that governs a cell's ability to synthesize methionine from inorganic precursors is labeled " met ." The designation met-indicates the ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  normal allele 
B)  mutant allele 
C)  bacterium is biologically active 
D)  bacterium is biologically inactive 
E)  bacterium can make its own methionine 
A)  normal allele 
B)  mutant allele 
C)  bacterium is biologically active 
D)  bacterium is biologically inactive 
E)  bacterium can make its own methionine

Question 4

Match between columns
                        Premises: Tobacco mosaic virus
T-even bacteriophage
Herpes virus
Adenovirus

Accepted Answer

The Answer of Enveloped virus and Helical virus and Polyhedral is...

Question 5

Cultures of genetically identical cells are called ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  bacteriophages 
B)  clones 
C)  prophages 
D)  prions 
E)  auxotrophs 
A)  bacteriophages 
B)  clones 
C)  prophages 
D)  prions 
E)  auxotrophs

Question 6

Auxotrophs ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  are nutritional-requirement mutants 
B)  can grow on minimal media 
C)  feed on proteins 
D)  make their own nutrients 
E)  produce antibiotics 
A)  are nutritional-requirement mutants 
B)  can grow on minimal media 
C)  feed on proteins 
D)  make their own nutrients 
E)  produce antibiotics

Question 7

DNA can be transferred from one bacterial cell to another by ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  conjugation only 
B)  transformation only 
C)  conjugation and transformation only 
D)  conjugation and transduction only 
E)  conjugation, transformation, and transduction 
A)  conjugation only 
B)  transformation only 
C)  conjugation and transformation only 
D)  conjugation and transduction only 
E)  conjugation, transformation, and transduction

Question 8

In Lederberg and Tatum's experiments with E. coli auxotrophs, they found that when cells of two mutant strains were cultured together, ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  cells were able to grow on minimal medium supplemented with nutrients required by the first mutant strain 
B)  cells were able to grow on minimal medium supplemented with nutrients required by the second mutant strain 
C)  some cells were able to grow on minimal medium 
D)  no cells were able to grow on minimal medium 
E)  cells were able to grow in liquid medium, but not on gel-like medium containing agar 
A)  cells were able to grow on minimal medium supplemented with nutrients required by the first mutant strain 
B)  cells were able to grow on minimal medium supplemented with nutrients required by the second mutant strain 
C)  some cells were able to grow on minimal medium 
D)  no cells were able to grow on minimal medium 
E)  cells were able to grow in liquid medium, but not on gel-like medium containing agar

Question 9

A complete viral particle is called a ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  capsule 
B)  virion 
C)  capsid 
D)  viroid 
E)  prophage 
A)  capsule 
B)  virion 
C)  capsid 
D)  viroid 
E)  prophage

Question 10

If a phage is carrying host cell DNA fragments inside its capsid and then infects another bacterial cell, ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  it causes the recipient bacterium to shrink in size 
B)  it kills the recipient bacterium in a matter of minutes 
C)  it assembles a new organism that is a cross between the phage and the recipient bacterium 
D)  it will not kill the recipient because it lacks the bacteriophage genome. 
E)  it transforms the new recipient into a bacteriophage 
A)  it causes the recipient bacterium to shrink in size 
B)  it kills the recipient bacterium in a matter of minutes 
C)  it assembles a new organism that is a cross between the phage and the recipient bacterium 
D)  it will not kill the recipient because it lacks the bacteriophage genome. 
E)  it transforms the new recipient into a bacteriophage

Question 11

The ability to conjugate depends on the presence of a plasmid called the ____ within the donor cell.

Accepted Answer

A)  X factor 
B)  F factor 
C)  C factor 
D)  sex pilus 
E)  S factor 
A)  X factor 
B)  F factor 
C)  C factor 
D)  sex pilus 
E)  S factor

Question 12

Escherichia coli bacteria ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  has only recently been employed in scientific research 
B)  can undergo natural transformation 
C)  is a disease caused by prions 
D)  replicates slowly 
E)  can be infected by bacteriophages 
A)  has only recently been employed in scientific research 
B)  can undergo natural transformation 
C)  is a disease caused by prions 
D)  replicates slowly 
E)  can be infected by bacteriophages

Question 13

All viruses have genes encoding ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the proteins of their capsid 
B)  enzymes required for nucleic acid replication 
C)  the proteins of their capsid and enzymes required for nucleic acid replication 
D)  a plasma membrane 
E)  the proteins of their capsid and a plasma membrane 
A)  the proteins of their capsid 
B)  enzymes required for nucleic acid replication 
C)  the proteins of their capsid and enzymes required for nucleic acid replication 
D)  a plasma membrane 
E)  the proteins of their capsid and a plasma membrane

Question 14

In an Hfr X F-conjugation, ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the Hfr cell can lose chromosomal genes that it transfers to the F-cell 
B)  the donor cell can become a partial diploid 
C)  plasmid DNA is transferred from the Hfr cell to the F-cell 
D)  chromosomal DNA can be transferred from the F-cell to the Hfr cell 
E)  chromosomal DNA can be transferred from the Hfr cell to the F-cell 
A)  the Hfr cell can lose chromosomal genes that it transfers to the F-cell 
B)  the donor cell can become a partial diploid 
C)  plasmid DNA is transferred from the Hfr cell to the F-cell 
D)  chromosomal DNA can be transferred from the F-cell to the Hfr cell 
E)  chromosomal DNA can be transferred from the Hfr cell to the F-cell

Question 15

Bacteriophage lambda ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  is a temperate phage 
B)  is a virulent phage 
C)  infects plant cells 
D)  infects animal cells 
E)  is a T-even phage 
A)  is a temperate phage 
B)  is a virulent phage 
C)  infects plant cells 
D)  infects animal cells 
E)  is a T-even phage

Question 16

Exposing E. coli to calcium ions and DNA and then incubating the culture at low temperatures in the presence of ice followed by a quick heat shock induces ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  artificial transformation 
B)  a double crossover 
C)  a single crossover 
D)  DNA replication 
E)  infection 
A)  artificial transformation 
B)  a double crossover 
C)  a single crossover 
D)  DNA replication 
E)  infection

Question 17

In transduction, bacterial cells ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  take up pieces of DNA that are released as other cells disintegrate 
B)  receive DNA from an infecting phage 
C)  replicate DNA molecules 
D)  make replicate copies of one another 
E)  generate their own DNA 
A)  take up pieces of DNA that are released as other cells disintegrate 
B)  receive DNA from an infecting phage 
C)  replicate DNA molecules 
D)  make replicate copies of one another 
E)  generate their own DNA

Question 18

Following genetic recombination, ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the bacterial cell is unable to divide 
B)  the bacterial cell is no longer able to replicate its DNA 
C)  the bacterial cell is a partial haploid 
D)  any remnants of DNA that did not contribute to the genetic recombination form plasmids 
E)  all progeny of the recombinant cell contain the new gene combination 
A)  the bacterial cell is unable to divide 
B)  the bacterial cell is no longer able to replicate its DNA 
C)  the bacterial cell is a partial haploid 
D)  any remnants of DNA that did not contribute to the genetic recombination form plasmids 
E)  all progeny of the recombinant cell contain the new gene combination

Question 19

Electroporation ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  exposes cells briefly to rapid pulses of electrical current to induce transformation 
B)  exposes cells to calcium ions to induce transformation 
C)  exposes cells to calcium ions to induce transduction 
D)  inserts the foreign DNA into chloroplast DNA 
E)  inserts the foreign DNA into mitochondrial DNA 
A)  exposes cells briefly to rapid pulses of electrical current to induce transformation 
B)  exposes cells to calcium ions to induce transformation 
C)  exposes cells to calcium ions to induce transduction 
D)  inserts the foreign DNA into chloroplast DNA 
E)  inserts the foreign DNA into mitochondrial DNA

Question 20

The F factor can be integrated into the bacterial chromosome through ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  mitosis 
B)  DNA replication 
C)  transcription 
D)  crossover events 
E)  transduction 
A)  mitosis 
B)  DNA replication 
C)  transcription 
D)  crossover events 
E)  transduction

Exam 17: Bacterial and Viral Genetics

Genetic recombination can occur ____.

A researcher is looking for met-strains. He compares two plates. One plate has colonies growing on complete medium. The other plate has colonies growing on methionine-deficient medium. How can the researcher determine which colonies are met-?

Figure 17.1 Use the accompanying figure . The gene that governs a cell's ability to synthesize methionine from inorganic precursors is labeled " met ." The designation met-indicates the ____.

Cultures of genetically identical cells are called ____.

Auxotrophs ____.

DNA can be transferred from one bacterial cell to another by ____.

In Lederberg and Tatum's experiments with E. coli auxotrophs, they found that when cells of two mutant strains were cultured together, ____.

A complete viral particle is called a ____.

If a phage is carrying host cell DNA fragments inside its capsid and then infects another bacterial cell, ____.

The ability to conjugate depends on the presence of a plasmid called the ____ within the donor cell.

Escherichia coli bacteria ____.

All viruses have genes encoding ____.

In an Hfr X F-conjugation, ____.

Bacteriophage lambda ____.

Exposing E. coli to calcium ions and DNA and then incubating the culture at low temperatures in the presence of ice followed by a quick heat shock induces ____.

In transduction, bacterial cells ____.

Following genetic recombination, ____.

Electroporation ____.

The F factor can be integrated into the bacterial chromosome through ____.

Introduction to Biological Concepts and Research

Life, Chemistry, and Water

Biological Molecules: the Carbon Compounds of Life

Cells

Membranes and Transport

Energy, Enzymes, and Biological Reactions

Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

Cell Division and Mitosis

Meiosis: the Cellular Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

Dna Structure, Replication, and Organization

Gene Expression: From Dna to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Dna Technology: Making and Using Genetically Altered Organisms, and Other Applications

Genomes and Proteomes

The Development of Evolutionary Thought

Microevolution: Genetic Changes Within Populations

Speciation

Paleobiology and Macroevolution

Systematic Biology: Phylogeny and Classification

The Origin of Life

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

Fungi

Animal Phylogeny, Acoelomates, and Protostomes

Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Information Flow and the Neuron

Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

Muscles, Bones, and Body Movements

The Circulatory System

Defenses Against Disease

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Digestive Systems and Animal Nutrition

Regulating the Internal Environment: Osmoregulation, Excretion, and Thermoregulation

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

Animal Behavior

Filters

A researcher is looking for met^-strains. He compares two plates. One plate has colonies growing on complete medium. The other plate has colonies growing on methionine-deficient medium. How can the researcher determine which colonies are met^-?

Figure 17.1 Use the accompanying figure . The gene that governs a cell's ability to synthesize methionine from inorganic precursors is labeled " met ." The designation met^-indicates the ____.

In an Hfr X F^-conjugation, ____.