Question 1

Flying insect biomass in Germany, according to Hallman and colleagues, declined ____ between 1989 and 2016.

Accepted Answer

A)  22% 
B)  about 50% 
C)  63% 
D)  76% 
E)  nearly 100% 
A)  22% 
B)  about 50% 
C)  63% 
D)  76% 
E)  nearly 100% D

Question 2

An alternative to species-based conservation focuses on the preservation of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  small species 
B)  large species 
C)  plant species only 
D)  insect species only 
E)  intact habitats 
A)  small species 
B)  large species 
C)  plant species only 
D)  insect species only 
E)  intact habitats E

Question 3

In ____, visitors pay a fee to visit a natural preserve.

Accepted Answer

A)  ecotourism 
B)  mixed-use conservation 
C)  ecosystem valuation 
D)  restoration 
E)  preservation 
A)  ecotourism 
B)  mixed-use conservation 
C)  ecosystem valuation 
D)  restoration 
E)  preservation A

Question 4

Conservation through restoration involves ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  completely excluding people 
B)  people allowed only as temporary visitors 
C)  some human residents and livestock grazing 
D)  limited livestock grazing 
E)  efforts to remove contaminants and other unnatural obstructions 
A)  completely excluding people 
B)  people allowed only as temporary visitors 
C)  some human residents and livestock grazing 
D)  limited livestock grazing 
E)  efforts to remove contaminants and other unnatural obstructions

Question 5

What were the conclusions of Gibson's experiments with small mammal populations?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fragmentation increases biodiversity. 
B)  Fragmentation leads to extinction of native populations. 
C)  Fragmentation does not affect small mammal populations. 
D)  Fragmentation has the same effect on large and small mammal populations. 
E)  Fragmentation has more impact in aquatic than in terrestrial habitats. 
A)  Fragmentation increases biodiversity. 
B)  Fragmentation leads to extinction of native populations. 
C)  Fragmentation does not affect small mammal populations. 
D)  Fragmentation has the same effect on large and small mammal populations. 
E)  Fragmentation has more impact in aquatic than in terrestrial habitats.

Question 6

Conservation biologists conduct population viability analyses to determine ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  whether an environment is too badly degraded to support a species 
B)  how large a population must be to ensure its long-term survival 
C)  likely source populations 
D)  likely sink populations 
E)  the annual reproduction rate of a population 
A)  whether an environment is too badly degraded to support a species 
B)  how large a population must be to ensure its long-term survival 
C)  likely source populations 
D)  likely sink populations 
E)  the annual reproduction rate of a population

Question 7

Scientists have found that extinction rates among ____ are accelerating rapidly.

Accepted Answer

A)  endangered species 
B)  trigger species 
C)  bird species 
D)  amphibian species 
E)  plant species 
A)  endangered species 
B)  trigger species 
C)  bird species 
D)  amphibian species 
E)  plant species

Question 8

Biologists have recently been interested in Miss Waldron's red colobus monkey ( Procolobus badius waldroni ) because it is ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  increasing in numbers 
B)  a pest to farmers 
C)  thought to be extinct 
D)  capable of carrying HIV 
E)  capable of carrying the Ebola virus 
A)  increasing in numbers 
B)  a pest to farmers 
C)  thought to be extinct 
D)  capable of carrying HIV 
E)  capable of carrying the Ebola virus

Question 9

Which human activity is an example of hydrologic alteration?

Accepted Answer

A)  overfishing 
B)  small-scale diversion of water for agriculture 
C)  damming of rivers 
D)  digging wells 
E)  desalination 
A)  overfishing 
B)  small-scale diversion of water for agriculture 
C)  damming of rivers 
D)  digging wells 
E)  desalination

Question 10

A DNA barcode system uses a nuclear gene that varies greatly between species.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The study of how large-scale ecological factors influence local populations and communities is specifically defined as conservation biology.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The greatest rate of extinction of all time is/was probably caused by ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  an ice age 
B)  unknown reasons 
C)  formation of Pangea 
D)  human activity 
E)  asteroid impact 
A)  an ice age 
B)  unknown reasons 
C)  formation of Pangea 
D)  human activity 
E)  asteroid impact

Question 13

The administration of the drug diclofenac to livestock inadvertently poisoned ____ and led to an increase in ____ cases.

Accepted Answer

A)  cattle; hoof and mouth 
B)  vultures; rabies 
C)  children; epilepsy 
D)  coyotes; hemolytic E. coli 
E)  cattle egrets; avian flu 
A)  cattle; hoof and mouth 
B)  vultures; rabies 
C)  children; epilepsy 
D)  coyotes; hemolytic E. coli 
E)  cattle egrets; avian flu

Question 14

Which data were used in the population viability analysis conducted for the yellow-bellied glider?

Accepted Answer

A)  age distributions and survival probabilities 
B)  litter sizes and sex ratios 
C)  home ranges and litter sizes 
D)  sex ratios, age distributions, and litter sizes 
E)  litter sizes, sex ratios, lifespan, home range sizes, survival probabilities, and age distributions 
A)  age distributions and survival probabilities 
B)  litter sizes and sex ratios 
C)  home ranges and litter sizes 
D)  sex ratios, age distributions, and litter sizes 
E)  litter sizes, sex ratios, lifespan, home range sizes, survival probabilities, and age distributions

Question 15

Why did local residents in the Pacific Northwest remain hostile to conservation efforts?

Accepted Answer

A)  When the northern spotted owl was listed as endangered, logging workers lost jobs. 
B)  The northern spotted owl has not been listed as endangered. 
C)  When the northern spotted owl was listed as endangered, the logging industry experienced a boom. 
D)  Conservation efforts to protect trees from logging have been unsuccessful. 
E)  Conservation efforts focus on the local population and take their jobs into consideration. 
A)  When the northern spotted owl was listed as endangered, logging workers lost jobs. 
B)  The northern spotted owl has not been listed as endangered. 
C)  When the northern spotted owl was listed as endangered, the logging industry experienced a boom. 
D)  Conservation efforts to protect trees from logging have been unsuccessful. 
E)  Conservation efforts focus on the local population and take their jobs into consideration.

Question 16

Photosynthetic organisms provide ____ to ecosystems.

Accepted Answer

A)  provisioning services 
B)  regulating services 
C)  nutrient cycling 
D)  hybridization 
E)  support services 
A)  provisioning services 
B)  regulating services 
C)  nutrient cycling 
D)  hybridization 
E)  support services

Question 17

Background extinction rates eliminate approximately ____ species ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  7-8; per 100 years 
B)  7-8; per 1000 years 
C)  7-8; per year 
D)  100; per year 
E)  100; per 1000 years 
A)  7-8; per 100 years 
B)  7-8; per 1000 years 
C)  7-8; per year 
D)  100; per year 
E)  100; per 1000 years

Question 18

A 20 m wide edge disrupts a smaller fraction of a small habitat patch than that of a large habitat patch.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

How does habitat fragmentation affect biodiversity?

Accepted Answer

A)  As long as the fragments are of good quality habitat, biodiversity will not be affected. 
B)  Habitat fragmentation increases biodiversity because it reduces entry of exotic species. 
C)  Habitat fragmentation is a threat to biodiversity because small habitat patches sustain only small populations. 
D)  Habitat fragmentation increases biodiversity because adaptation to local conditions stimulates evolution. 
E)  Habitat fragmentation connects terrestrial and aquatic habitats. 
A)  As long as the fragments are of good quality habitat, biodiversity will not be affected. 
B)  Habitat fragmentation increases biodiversity because it reduces entry of exotic species. 
C)  Habitat fragmentation is a threat to biodiversity because small habitat patches sustain only small populations. 
D)  Habitat fragmentation increases biodiversity because adaptation to local conditions stimulates evolution. 
E)  Habitat fragmentation connects terrestrial and aquatic habitats.

Question 20

Which benefit, derived from biodiversity, would be categorized as an ecosystem service?

Accepted Answer

A)  the anticancer drug Taxol, derived from the yew tree 
B)  plants and fruits that are edible by humans 
C)  cotton and other useful plant-derived fibers 
D)  decomposition of wastes 
E)  wild organisms as a source of genes for genetic engineering 
A)  the anticancer drug Taxol, derived from the yew tree 
B)  plants and fruits that are edible by humans 
C)  cotton and other useful plant-derived fibers 
D)  decomposition of wastes 
E)  wild organisms as a source of genes for genetic engineering

Exam 55: Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

Flying insect biomass in Germany, according to Hallman and colleagues, declined ____ between 1989 and 2016.

An alternative to species-based conservation focuses on the preservation of ____.

In ____, visitors pay a fee to visit a natural preserve.

Conservation through restoration involves ____.

What were the conclusions of Gibson's experiments with small mammal populations?

Conservation biologists conduct population viability analyses to determine ____.

Scientists have found that extinction rates among ____ are accelerating rapidly.

Biologists have recently been interested in Miss Waldron's red colobus monkey ( Procolobus badius waldroni ) because it is ____.

Which human activity is an example of hydrologic alteration?

A DNA barcode system uses a nuclear gene that varies greatly between species.

The study of how large-scale ecological factors influence local populations and communities is specifically defined as conservation biology.

The greatest rate of extinction of all time is/was probably caused by ____.

The administration of the drug diclofenac to livestock inadvertently poisoned ____ and led to an increase in ____ cases.

Which data were used in the population viability analysis conducted for the yellow-bellied glider?

Why did local residents in the Pacific Northwest remain hostile to conservation efforts?

Photosynthetic organisms provide ____ to ecosystems.

Background extinction rates eliminate approximately ____ species ____.

A 20 m wide edge disrupts a smaller fraction of a small habitat patch than that of a large habitat patch.

How does habitat fragmentation affect biodiversity?

Which benefit, derived from biodiversity, would be categorized as an ecosystem service?

Introduction to Biological Concepts and Research

Life, Chemistry, and Water

Biological Molecules: the Carbon Compounds of Life

Cells

Membranes and Transport

Energy, Enzymes, and Biological Reactions

Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

Cell Division and Mitosis

Meiosis: the Cellular Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

Dna Structure, Replication, and Organization

Gene Expression: From Dna to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Bacterial and Viral Genetics

Dna Technology: Making and Using Genetically Altered Organisms, and Other Applications

Genomes and Proteomes

The Development of Evolutionary Thought

Microevolution: Genetic Changes Within Populations

Speciation

Paleobiology and Macroevolution

Systematic Biology: Phylogeny and Classification

The Origin of Life

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

Fungi

Animal Phylogeny, Acoelomates, and Protostomes

Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Information Flow and the Neuron

Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

Muscles, Bones, and Body Movements

The Circulatory System

Defenses Against Disease

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Digestive Systems and Animal Nutrition

Regulating the Internal Environment: Osmoregulation, Excretion, and Thermoregulation

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Animal Behavior

Filters

The administration of the drug diclofenac to livestock inadvertently poisoned and led to an increase in cases.

Background extinction rates eliminate approximately species .