Question 1

Continuous cell cultures are developed from (embryonic/haploid/neoplastic)cells.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Continuous cell cultures are developed from (embryonic/haploid/neoplastic)cells....

Question 2

Double-stranded RNA genomes can be found

Accepted Answer

A)  only in cells. 
B)  only in viruses. 
C)  only in prions. 
D)  in both cells and viruses. 
E)  in both prions and viruses. 
A)  only in cells. 
B)  only in viruses. 
C)  only in prions. 
D)  in both cells and viruses. 
E)  in both prions and viruses.

Question 3

Compare and contrast the ways in which animal,plant,and bacterial viruses gain entry into their host cells.

Accepted Answer

Because cells have different types of ba

Question 4

Plaque assays are used for

Accepted Answer

A)  evaluating the cancer-causing ability of a virus. 
B)  determining the density of phage in a culture. 
C)  the study of prions. 
D)  cultivating viruses that cannot be grown any other way. 
E)  counting the number of latent phages in a cell. 
A)  evaluating the cancer-causing ability of a virus. 
B)  determining the density of phage in a culture. 
C)  the study of prions. 
D)  cultivating viruses that cannot be grown any other way. 
E)  counting the number of latent phages in a cell.

Question 5

In what ways do viruses differ from other pathogens?

Accepted Answer

A)  Viruses lack genetic material. 
B)  Viruses lack cytoplasm and organelles. 
C)  Viruses have no protein structure. 
D)  Viruses are composed of protein only. 
E)  Viruses are composed of both protein and lipid. 
A)  Viruses lack genetic material. 
B)  Viruses lack cytoplasm and organelles. 
C)  Viruses have no protein structure. 
D)  Viruses are composed of protein only. 
E)  Viruses are composed of both protein and lipid.

Question 6

Why is lysogeny advantageous to a bacteriophage?

Accepted Answer

A)  it speeds up the viral infection cycle. 
B)  the genetic material of the bacteriophage is amplified many times over that seen in a lytic phage. 
C)  it allows the bacteriophage to infect cells it would not normally infect. 
D)  it allows the bacteriophage to destroy the host cell's DNA. 
E)  it enables the bacteriophage to take over the cell. 
A)  it speeds up the viral infection cycle. 
B)  the genetic material of the bacteriophage is amplified many times over that seen in a lytic phage. 
C)  it allows the bacteriophage to infect cells it would not normally infect. 
D)  it allows the bacteriophage to destroy the host cell's DNA. 
E)  it enables the bacteriophage to take over the cell.

Question 7

Another term for a lysogenic phage is a (temperate/latent/prophage)phage.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Another term for a lysogenic phage is...

Question 8

Genes that play a role in proper cell division but may also play a role in some types of cancer are called (oncogenes/protooncogenes/promoters).

Accepted Answer

The answer of Genes that play a role in proper...

Question 9

The outermost layer of a virion fulfills which of the following functions of the virus?

Accepted Answer

A)  protection 
B)  recognition 
C)  replication 
D)  both protection and recognition 
E)  both recognition and replication 
A)  protection 
B)  recognition 
C)  replication 
D)  both protection and recognition 
E)  both recognition and replication

Question 10

A lipid membrane is present in which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  naked viruses 
B)  enveloped viruses 
C)  prions 
D)  viroids 
E)  both prions and viroids 
A)  naked viruses 
B)  enveloped viruses 
C)  prions 
D)  viroids 
E)  both prions and viroids

Question 11

Why is the synthesis of mRNA a central issue for all viruses? How do different types of viruses achieve this goal?

Accepted Answer

One way in which a virus gains control o

Question 12

Small circular RNAs called ________ are plant pathogens.

Accepted Answer

A)  plasmids 
B)  viruses 
C)  viroids 
D)  prions 
E)  phages 
A)  plasmids 
B)  viruses 
C)  viroids 
D)  prions 
E)  phages

Question 13

Which of the following is primarily responsible for the shape of a virion?

Accepted Answer

A)  the type of nucleic acid 
B)  the number of segments of the viral genome 
C)  the source of the envelope 
D)  the capsid 
E)  the specific host protein the virus targets 
A)  the type of nucleic acid 
B)  the number of segments of the viral genome 
C)  the source of the envelope 
D)  the capsid 
E)  the specific host protein the virus targets

Question 14

The genome of which of the following types of animal virus can act directly as mRNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  retroviruses 
B)  +ssRNA viruses 
C)  -ssRNA viruses 
D)  ssDNA viruses 
E)  dsRNA viruses 
A)  retroviruses 
B)  +ssRNA viruses 
C)  -ssRNA viruses 
D)  ssDNA viruses 
E)  dsRNA viruses

Question 15

The ________ of a virion determines the type of cell it enters.

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleic acid 
B)  matrix proteins 
C)  glycoproteins 
D)  lipid molecules 
E)  shape 
A)  nucleic acid 
B)  matrix proteins 
C)  glycoproteins 
D)  lipid molecules 
E)  shape

Question 16

Which of the following is associated with the attachment of a bacteriophage to a bacterial cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  random collisions 
B)  chemical attractions 
C)  receptor specificity 
D)  both chemical attractions and receptor specificity 
E)  random collisions, chemical attractions, and receptor specificity 
A)  random collisions 
B)  chemical attractions 
C)  receptor specificity 
D)  both chemical attractions and receptor specificity 
E)  random collisions, chemical attractions, and receptor specificity

Question 17

All viruses use the host cell's nucleic acid polymerases for replication.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Viruses with -ssRNA require the activity of (DNA polymerase/reverse transcriptase/RNA-dependent RNA polymerase)for their replication.

Accepted Answer

RNA-depend

Question 19

The stage of virus infection called (assembly/entry/synthesis)is the stage most dependent on host cell proteins.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The stage of virus infection called (assembly/entry/synthesis)is...

Question 20

Which of the following is a feature shared by viruses and living organisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  possession of a genome that directs synthesis of materials necessary for replication 
B)  presence of cytoplasm 
C)  metabolic capability 
D)  responsiveness 
E)  the ability to increase in size 
A)  possession of a genome that directs synthesis of materials necessary for replication 
B)  presence of cytoplasm 
C)  metabolic capability 
D)  responsiveness 
E)  the ability to increase in size

Exam 13: Characterizing and Classifying Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

Continuous cell cultures are developed from (embryonic/haploid/neoplastic)cells.

Double-stranded RNA genomes can be found

Compare and contrast the ways in which animal,plant,and bacterial viruses gain entry into their host cells.

Plaque assays are used for

In what ways do viruses differ from other pathogens?

Why is lysogeny advantageous to a bacteriophage?

Another term for a lysogenic phage is a (temperate/latent/prophage)phage.

Genes that play a role in proper cell division but may also play a role in some types of cancer are called (oncogenes/protooncogenes/promoters).

The outermost layer of a virion fulfills which of the following functions of the virus?

A lipid membrane is present in which of the following?

Why is the synthesis of mRNA a central issue for all viruses? How do different types of viruses achieve this goal?

Small circular RNAs called ________ are plant pathogens.

Which of the following is primarily responsible for the shape of a virion?

The genome of which of the following types of animal virus can act directly as mRNA?

The ________ of a virion determines the type of cell it enters.

Which of the following is associated with the attachment of a bacteriophage to a bacterial cell?

All viruses use the host cell's nucleic acid polymerases for replication.

Viruses with -ssRNA require the activity of (DNA polymerase/reverse transcriptase/RNA-dependent RNA polymerase)for their replication.

The stage of virus infection called (assembly/entry/synthesis)is the stage most dependent on host cell proteins.

Which of the following is a feature shared by viruses and living organisms?

A Brief History of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Microbiology

Cell Structure and Function

Microscopy, Staining, and Classification

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Nutrition and Growth

Microbial Genetics

Recombinant DNA Technology

Controlling Microbial Growth in the Environment

Controlling Microbial Growth in the Body: Antimicrobial Drugs

Characterizing and Classifying Prokaryotes

Characterizing and Classifying Eukaryotes

Infection, Infectious Diseases, and Epidemiology

Innate Immunity

Adaptive Immunity

Immunization and Immune Testing

Immune Disorders

Pathogenic Gram Positive Bacteria

Pathogenic Gram-Negative Cocci and Bacilli

Rickettsias, Chlamydias, Spirochetes, and Vibrios

Pathogenic Fungi

Parasitic Protozoa, Helminths, and Arthropod Vectors

Pathogenic DNA Viruses

Pathogenic RNA Viruses

Applied and Environmental Microbiology

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