Question 1

How are prions different from all other known infectious agents?

Accepted Answer

A)  they cannot reproduce outside a cell. 
B)  they act as slow viruses. 
C)  they cause neurological problems. 
D)  they can be destroyed by incineration. 
E)  they lack nucleic acid. 
A)  they cannot reproduce outside a cell. 
B)  they act as slow viruses. 
C)  they cause neurological problems. 
D)  they can be destroyed by incineration. 
E)  they lack nucleic acid.

Question 2

Host specificity of a virus is due to

Accepted Answer

A)  particular genes that it shares with the infected cell. 
B)  the presence of an envelope. 
C)  differences in size between the virus and the host cell. 
D)  the presence or absence of a cell wall on the host cell. 
E)  interactions between viral and cellular surface molecules. 
A)  particular genes that it shares with the infected cell. 
B)  the presence of an envelope. 
C)  differences in size between the virus and the host cell. 
D)  the presence or absence of a cell wall on the host cell. 
E)  interactions between viral and cellular surface molecules.

Question 3

The enzyme lysozyme is critical for which of the stages of a bacteriophage T4 infection cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  entry 
B)  assembly 
C)  entry and release 
D)  synthesis 
E)  attachment 
A)  entry 
B)  assembly 
C)  entry and release 
D)  synthesis 
E)  attachment

Question 4

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy is an example of a prion disease.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

What is a virion?

Accepted Answer

A)  A virus genome inside a cell. 
B)  An empty capsid. 
C)  A single virus particle outside a cell. 
D)  An extracellular virus genome. 
E)  A virus genome integrated into a host cell genome. 
A)  A virus genome inside a cell. 
B)  An empty capsid. 
C)  A single virus particle outside a cell. 
D)  An extracellular virus genome. 
E)  A virus genome integrated into a host cell genome.

Question 6

A (colony/plaque/prophage)is a clear zone on a bacterial lawn where cells have been killed by the activity of a bacteriophage.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A (colony/plaque/prophage)is a clear zone on a...

Question 7

RNA viruses such as HIV require the activity of reverse (polymerase/transcriptase/transposase)to become proviruses.

Accepted Answer

The answer of RNA viruses such as HIV require the...

Question 8

Viruses cause most human cancers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

A(n)________ is a bacterial virus which is integrated into the host cell DNA.

Accepted Answer

A)  lytic phage 
B)  prophage 
C)  plasmid 
D)  transposon 
E)  insertion phage 
A)  lytic phage 
B)  prophage 
C)  plasmid 
D)  transposon 
E)  insertion phage

Question 10

Which of the following is CORRECT regarding the viral envelope?

Accepted Answer

A)  It contains only viral proteins. 
B)  It contains only host cell proteins. 
C)  It is composed of sterols. 
D)  It is composed of cellular phospholipid membrane, cellular and viral proteins. 
E)  It is composed of sterols of viral proteins only. 
A)  It contains only viral proteins. 
B)  It contains only host cell proteins. 
C)  It is composed of sterols. 
D)  It is composed of cellular phospholipid membrane, cellular and viral proteins. 
E)  It is composed of sterols of viral proteins only.

Question 11

Which of the following laboratory procedures is used for culturing animal viruses in the laboratory?

Accepted Answer

A)  cell cultures 
B)  broth cultures 
C)  embryonated eggs 
D)  both cell cultures and embryonated eggs 
E)  synthetic cytoplasm 
A)  cell cultures 
B)  broth cultures 
C)  embryonated eggs 
D)  both cell cultures and embryonated eggs 
E)  synthetic cytoplasm

Question 12

In contrast to most dsDNA animal viruses,the poxviruses replicate solely in the cytoplasm of the host cell.What does this suggest about the virus?

Accepted Answer

All cellular DNA replication occurs in t

Question 13

Which of the following events occurs in the lytic cycle of bacteriophage T4 infection but not in the lysogenic cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  attachment 
B)  entry 
C)  digestion of host DNA 
D)  viral protein synthesis 
E)  both digestion of host DNA and viral proteins synthesis 
A)  attachment 
B)  entry 
C)  digestion of host DNA 
D)  viral protein synthesis 
E)  both digestion of host DNA and viral proteins synthesis

Question 14

Replication of most ________ viruses is similar to normal cellular processes.

Accepted Answer

A)  dsDNA 
B)  ssDNA 
C)  +ssRNA 
D)  -ssRNA 
E)  dsRNA 
A)  dsDNA 
B)  ssDNA 
C)  +ssRNA 
D)  -ssRNA 
E)  dsRNA

Question 15

Which of the following agents is capable of inducing conversion of a prophage to the lytic cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  UV light 
B)  X rays 
C)  presence of +ssRNA 
D)  both UV light and X rays 
E)  both UV light and the presence of +ssRNA 
A)  UV light 
B)  X rays 
C)  presence of +ssRNA 
D)  both UV light and X rays 
E)  both UV light and the presence of +ssRNA

Question 16

Attachment of herpesviruses results in ________,a process in which the host cell facilitates viral entry.

Accepted Answer

A)  direct penetration 
B)  membrane fusion 
C)  endocytosis 
D)  exocytosis 
E)  lysogeny 
A)  direct penetration 
B)  membrane fusion 
C)  endocytosis 
D)  exocytosis 
E)  lysogeny

Question 17

Naked capsid animal viruses are commonly released from the infected cell by ________,a process the host cell does not survive.

Accepted Answer

A)  budding 
B)  lysis 
C)  endocytosis 
D)  membrane fusion 
E)  exocytosis 
A)  budding 
B)  lysis 
C)  endocytosis 
D)  membrane fusion 
E)  exocytosis

Question 18

How are fungal viruses different from viruses that infect other organisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  they have no extracellular state. 
B)  they have only DNA for genetic material. 
C)  they have no capsid. 
D)  they have no intracellular state. 
E)  they cannot pass through a filter. 
A)  they have no extracellular state. 
B)  they have only DNA for genetic material. 
C)  they have no capsid. 
D)  they have no intracellular state. 
E)  they cannot pass through a filter.

Question 19

Protozoa are susceptible to viral attack.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

A scientist discovers a new virus associated with a cancer.She is able to culture it in the laboratory and begins to analyze it.What features will help her determine the virus' classification? How does this help her understand the virus' mechanism for causing cancer?

Accepted Answer

Characterization of the nucleic acid pre

Exam 13: Characterizing and Classifying Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

How are prions different from all other known infectious agents?

Host specificity of a virus is due to

The enzyme lysozyme is critical for which of the stages of a bacteriophage T4 infection cycle?

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy is an example of a prion disease.

What is a virion?

A (colony/plaque/prophage)is a clear zone on a bacterial lawn where cells have been killed by the activity of a bacteriophage.

RNA viruses such as HIV require the activity of reverse (polymerase/transcriptase/transposase)to become proviruses.

Viruses cause most human cancers.

A(n)________ is a bacterial virus which is integrated into the host cell DNA.

Which of the following is CORRECT regarding the viral envelope?

Which of the following laboratory procedures is used for culturing animal viruses in the laboratory?

In contrast to most dsDNA animal viruses,the poxviruses replicate solely in the cytoplasm of the host cell.What does this suggest about the virus?

Which of the following events occurs in the lytic cycle of bacteriophage T4 infection but not in the lysogenic cycle?

Replication of most ________ viruses is similar to normal cellular processes.

Which of the following agents is capable of inducing conversion of a prophage to the lytic cycle?

Attachment of herpesviruses results in ________,a process in which the host cell facilitates viral entry.

Naked capsid animal viruses are commonly released from the infected cell by ________,a process the host cell does not survive.

How are fungal viruses different from viruses that infect other organisms?

Protozoa are susceptible to viral attack.

A scientist discovers a new virus associated with a cancer.She is able to culture it in the laboratory and begins to analyze it.What features will help her determine the virus' classification? How does this help her understand the virus' mechanism for causing cancer?

A Brief History of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Microbiology

Cell Structure and Function

Microscopy, Staining, and Classification

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Nutrition and Growth

Microbial Genetics

Recombinant DNA Technology

Controlling Microbial Growth in the Environment

Controlling Microbial Growth in the Body: Antimicrobial Drugs

Characterizing and Classifying Prokaryotes

Characterizing and Classifying Eukaryotes

Infection, Infectious Diseases, and Epidemiology

Innate Immunity

Adaptive Immunity

Immunization and Immune Testing

Immune Disorders

Pathogenic Gram Positive Bacteria

Pathogenic Gram-Negative Cocci and Bacilli

Rickettsias, Chlamydias, Spirochetes, and Vibrios

Pathogenic Fungi

Parasitic Protozoa, Helminths, and Arthropod Vectors

Pathogenic DNA Viruses

Pathogenic RNA Viruses

Applied and Environmental Microbiology

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