Question 1

Continuous capillaries

Accepted Answer

A)  have many thin areas called fenestrae. 
B)  are freely permeable to large molecules such as hormones. 
C)  have a wall where the endothelial cells fit very tightly together. 
D)  are more permeable then fenestrated capillaries but not as permeable as sinusoidal capillaries. 
E)  are characterized by continuous pores. 
A)  have many thin areas called fenestrae. 
B)  are freely permeable to large molecules such as hormones. 
C)  have a wall where the endothelial cells fit very tightly together. 
D)  are more permeable then fenestrated capillaries but not as permeable as sinusoidal capillaries. 
E)  are characterized by continuous pores.

Question 2

Describe the critical closing pressure.

Accepted Answer

A)  The pressure needed to cause Korotkoff sounds. 
B)  The pressure exerted on the aorta during the cardiac cycle. 
C)  The pressure found in large veins of the leg. 
D)  The pressure below which a vessel collapses. 
A)  The pressure needed to cause Korotkoff sounds. 
B)  The pressure exerted on the aorta during the cardiac cycle. 
C)  The pressure found in large veins of the leg. 
D)  The pressure below which a vessel collapses.

Question 3

All of the following describe the actions of the adrenal medullary mechanism, except.

Accepted Answer

A)  Responds in the short-term 
B)  Is rapid-acting 
C)  Responds within seconds 
D)  Is usually active for months 
A)  Responds in the short-term 
B)  Is rapid-acting 
C)  Responds within seconds 
D)  Is usually active for months

Question 4

Arteriosclerosis results in decreased compliance, which in turn causes the pulse pressure to

Accepted Answer

A)  increase. 
B)  decrease. 
C)  increase, then decrease. 
D)  decrease, then increase. 
E)  remain the same. 
A)  increase. 
B)  decrease. 
C)  increase, then decrease. 
D)  decrease, then increase. 
E)  remain the same.

Question 5

Distributing arteries

Accepted Answer

A)  contain a lot of elastic tissue. 
B)  contain a thick tunica media. 
C)  are strong, rigid vessels. 
D)  transport blood from arterioles to capillaries. 
E)  do not contain smooth muscle in their walls. 
A)  contain a lot of elastic tissue. 
B)  contain a thick tunica media. 
C)  are strong, rigid vessels. 
D)  transport blood from arterioles to capillaries. 
E)  do not contain smooth muscle in their walls.

Question 6

An obstruction in the inferior vena cava would hamper the return of blood from the

Accepted Answer

A)  head and neck. 
B)  upper extremities. 
C)  lungs. 
D)  abdomen, pelvis, and lower limbs. 
E)  heart. 
A)  head and neck. 
B)  upper extremities. 
C)  lungs. 
D)  abdomen, pelvis, and lower limbs. 
E)  heart.

Question 7

Match the following with the appropriate description.
-carotid sinuses

Accepted Answer

A) formed when the right and left vertebral arteries unite 
B) supplies blood to the face, nose, and mouth 
C) terminates by forming the middle cerebral arteries 
D) supplies blood to the arm and shoulder regions 
E) sense organs that monitor blood pressure 
A) formed when the right and left vertebral arteries unite 
B) supplies blood to the face, nose, and mouth 
C) terminates by forming the middle cerebral arteries 
D) supplies blood to the arm and shoulder regions 
E) sense organs that monitor blood pressure

Question 8

Valves similar to the semilunar valves of the heart are found in medium and large

Accepted Answer

A)  arteries. 
B)  arterioles. 
C)  capillaries. 
D)  venules. 
E)  veins. 
A)  arteries. 
B)  arterioles. 
C)  capillaries. 
D)  venules. 
E)  veins.

Question 9

Match the term with the best description.
-Laplace's Law

Accepted Answer

A) arteriosclerosis 
B) produced by turbulent blood flow 
C) blood flow is directly proportional to pressure differences and inversely proportional to resistance 
D) as pressure in a vessel decreases, the force holding it open decreases, and the vessel tends to collapse 
E) a characteristic of the venous system 
A) arteriosclerosis 
B) produced by turbulent blood flow 
C) blood flow is directly proportional to pressure differences and inversely proportional to resistance 
D) as pressure in a vessel decreases, the force holding it open decreases, and the vessel tends to collapse 
E) a characteristic of the venous system

Question 10

Atherosclerosis is the

Accepted Answer

A)  hypertrophy of the tunica intima. 
B)  stretching of arterial walls. 
C)  inflammation of veins. 
D)  deposition of plaques in arterial walls. 
A)  hypertrophy of the tunica intima. 
B)  stretching of arterial walls. 
C)  inflammation of veins. 
D)  deposition of plaques in arterial walls.

Question 11

Vasoconstriction is caused by ______ stimulation of vascular smooth muscle; ______ stimulation of vascular smooth muscle causes vasodilation.

Accepted Answer

A)  decreased; increased 
B)  parasympathetic; sympathetic 
C)  sympathetic; increased 
D)  parasympathetic; decreased 
E)  sympathetic; parasympathetic 
A)  decreased; increased 
B)  parasympathetic; sympathetic 
C)  sympathetic; increased 
D)  parasympathetic; decreased 
E)  sympathetic; parasympathetic

Question 12

In which of the following would you detect a weak pulse?

Accepted Answer

A)  hypertension 
B)  hemorrhagic shock 
C)  fluid excess 
D)  increased stroke volume 
E)  a healthy young person 
A)  hypertension 
B)  hemorrhagic shock 
C)  fluid excess 
D)  increased stroke volume 
E)  a healthy young person

Question 13

Blood is moved through the vascular system by

Accepted Answer

A)  valves in the wall of the blood vessels. 
B)  peristalsis caused by smooth muscle in the blood vessel walls. 
C)  pressure gradients created by the heart. 
D)  osmotic pressure. 
E)  viscosity of the blood. 
A)  valves in the wall of the blood vessels. 
B)  peristalsis caused by smooth muscle in the blood vessel walls. 
C)  pressure gradients created by the heart. 
D)  osmotic pressure. 
E)  viscosity of the blood.

Question 14

The velocity of blood flow inside a blood vessel

Accepted Answer

A)  is equal to the blood pressure. 
B)  is faster in the center of the blood vessel. 
C)  is most rapid at a bend or turn in the vessel. 
D)  increases along the walls of the blood vessel. 
E)  is more rapid along the sides of the vessel. 
A)  is equal to the blood pressure. 
B)  is faster in the center of the blood vessel. 
C)  is most rapid at a bend or turn in the vessel. 
D)  increases along the walls of the blood vessel. 
E)  is more rapid along the sides of the vessel.

Question 15

During exchange at the capillaries, what can cross the endothelial cells, diffusing through the plasma membranes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Proteins 
B)  Large water-soluble substances 
C)  Hormones 
D)  Red blood cells 
E)  Lipid-soluble substances 
A)  Proteins 
B)  Large water-soluble substances 
C)  Hormones 
D)  Red blood cells 
E)  Lipid-soluble substances

Question 16

Match the term with the appropriate description.
-arteriosclerosis

Accepted Answer

A) a bulge (a weak spot) in the artery wall 
B) degenerative changes in arteries 
C) an overstretching of the veins of the lower extremities 
D) inflammation of the veins 
E) small vessels that supply nutrients to large arteries 
A) a bulge (a weak spot) in the artery wall 
B) degenerative changes in arteries 
C) an overstretching of the veins of the lower extremities 
D) inflammation of the veins 
E) small vessels that supply nutrients to large arteries

Question 17

The ______ vein connects the basilic vein and cephalic vein.

Accepted Answer

A)  axillary 
B)  subclavian 
C)  brachial 
D)  median antebrachial 
E)  median cubital 
A)  axillary 
B)  subclavian 
C)  brachial 
D)  median antebrachial 
E)  median cubital

Question 18

Which of the following would lead to relaxation of the precapillary sphincter?

Accepted Answer

A)  decreased tissue metabolism 
B)  decreased oxygen levels in tissue cells served by the capillary 
C)  decreased carbon dioxide concentration in the capillary bed 
D)  decreased lactic acid production by cells in the capillary bed 
E)  decreased nitric acid levels 
A)  decreased tissue metabolism 
B)  decreased oxygen levels in tissue cells served by the capillary 
C)  decreased carbon dioxide concentration in the capillary bed 
D)  decreased lactic acid production by cells in the capillary bed 
E)  decreased nitric acid levels

Question 19

A thrombus in the first branch (not including coronary arteries) off of the aortic arch might affect the flow of blood to which of the following structures?

Accepted Answer

A)  right arm 
B)  right side of the brain 
C)  left side of the brain 
D)  left arm 
E)  both the right arm and the right side of the brain 
A)  right arm 
B)  right side of the brain 
C)  left side of the brain 
D)  left arm 
E)  both the right arm and the right side of the brain

Question 20

From the heart to body tissues, which of the following sequences of vessels is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  muscular artery, arteriole, elastic artery, capillary 
B)  arteriole, muscular artery, elastic artery, capillary 
C)  elastic artery, muscular artery, arteriole, capillary 
D)  elastic artery, arteriole, muscular artery, capillary 
E)  distributing artery, muscular artery, medium artery, capillary 
A)  muscular artery, arteriole, elastic artery, capillary 
B)  arteriole, muscular artery, elastic artery, capillary 
C)  elastic artery, muscular artery, arteriole, capillary 
D)  elastic artery, arteriole, muscular artery, capillary 
E)  distributing artery, muscular artery, medium artery, capillary

Exam 21: Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Continuous capillaries

Describe the critical closing pressure.

All of the following describe the actions of the adrenal medullary mechanism, except.

Arteriosclerosis results in decreased compliance, which in turn causes the pulse pressure to

Distributing arteries

An obstruction in the inferior vena cava would hamper the return of blood from the

Match the following with the appropriate description. -carotid sinuses

Valves similar to the semilunar valves of the heart are found in medium and large

Match the term with the best description. -Laplace's Law

Atherosclerosis is the

Vasoconstriction is caused by ______ stimulation of vascular smooth muscle; ______ stimulation of vascular smooth muscle causes vasodilation.

In which of the following would you detect a weak pulse?

Blood is moved through the vascular system by

The velocity of blood flow inside a blood vessel

During exchange at the capillaries, what can cross the endothelial cells, diffusing through the plasma membranes?

Match the term with the appropriate description. -arteriosclerosis

The ______ vein connects the basilic vein and cephalic vein.

Which of the following would lead to relaxation of the precapillary sphincter?

A thrombus in the first branch (not including coronary arteries) off of the aortic arch might affect the flow of blood to which of the following structures?

From the heart to body tissues, which of the following sequences of vessels is correct?

The Human Organism

The Chemical Basis of Life

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joints and Movement

Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Endocrine Glands

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Temperature Regulation

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Based Balance

Reproductive System

Development, Growth, Aging, and Genetics

Filters

Vasoconstriction is caused by stimulation of vascular smooth muscle; stimulation of vascular smooth muscle causes vasodilation.