Question 1

The vertebral arteries arise from the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  thyrocervical arteries 
B)  right and left common carotid arteries 
C)  costocervical arteries 
D)  right and left subclavian arteries 
A)  thyrocervical arteries 
B)  right and left common carotid arteries 
C)  costocervical arteries 
D)  right and left subclavian arteries

Question 2

Which of the following acts as a storage area for blood?

Accepted Answer

A)  the aorta 
B)  the veins 
C)  capillaries 
D)  arterioles 
E)  the arteries 
A)  the aorta 
B)  the veins 
C)  capillaries 
D)  arterioles 
E)  the arteries

Question 3

When a person rises quickly from a lying position, there is

Accepted Answer

A)  an increase in the frequency of action potentials produced by the baroreceptors. 
B)  an increase in vasomotor sympathetic stimulation to the blood vessels causing vasoconstriction. 
C)  reflexive slowing of the heart. 
D)  an increase of parasympathetic stimulation of the heart. 
E)  a decrease in heart rate and stroke volume. 
A)  an increase in the frequency of action potentials produced by the baroreceptors. 
B)  an increase in vasomotor sympathetic stimulation to the blood vessels causing vasoconstriction. 
C)  reflexive slowing of the heart. 
D)  an increase of parasympathetic stimulation of the heart. 
E)  a decrease in heart rate and stroke volume.

Question 4

Why does nutrient-rich blood of the hepatic portal vein pass first through the liver before this blood is returned to the heart?

Accepted Answer

A)  To allow the liver to add more wastes to the blood 
B)  The liver needs more nourishment than other tissues; hence nutrients first pass through the liver 
C)  To allow the liver to add more nutrients to the blood 
D)  To allow the liver to store or modify the nutrients 
A)  To allow the liver to add more wastes to the blood 
B)  The liver needs more nourishment than other tissues; hence nutrients first pass through the liver 
C)  To allow the liver to add more nutrients to the blood 
D)  To allow the liver to store or modify the nutrients

Question 5

The chemoreceptor reflexes help maintain homeostasis

Accepted Answer

A)  under normal conditions. 
B)  when carbon dioxide levels increase. 
C)  when stimulated by changes in blood osmotic pressure. 
D)  when epinephrine levels increase. 
E)  when hydrogen ion concentrations decrease. 
A)  under normal conditions. 
B)  when carbon dioxide levels increase. 
C)  when stimulated by changes in blood osmotic pressure. 
D)  when epinephrine levels increase. 
E)  when hydrogen ion concentrations decrease.

Question 6

Angiotensin II

Accepted Answer

A)  causes vasoconstriction. 
B)  stimulates the adrenal cortex to release ADH. 
C)  is released in response to high blood pressure. 
D)  is responsible for increasing urine output. 
E)  stimulates peripheral vasodilation. 
A)  causes vasoconstriction. 
B)  stimulates the adrenal cortex to release ADH. 
C)  is released in response to high blood pressure. 
D)  is responsible for increasing urine output. 
E)  stimulates peripheral vasodilation.

Question 7

Veins

Accepted Answer

A)  carry blood away from the heart. 
B)  carry blood under very high pressure. 
C)  may contain valves and are lined with endothelium. 
D)  are described as strong, rigid vessels that always carry oxygenated blood. 
E)  have thick, many layered walls. 
A)  carry blood away from the heart. 
B)  carry blood under very high pressure. 
C)  may contain valves and are lined with endothelium. 
D)  are described as strong, rigid vessels that always carry oxygenated blood. 
E)  have thick, many layered walls.

Question 8

Where is the vasomotor center located?

Accepted Answer

A)  pons and medulla oblongata 
B)  pons and midbrain 
C)  cerebrum and medulla oblongata 
D)  medulla oblongata 
A)  pons and medulla oblongata 
B)  pons and midbrain 
C)  cerebrum and medulla oblongata 
D)  medulla oblongata

Question 9

Precapillary sphincters

Accepted Answer

A)  serve as valves in veins. 
B)  are found in the tunica media. 
C)  carry blood under high pressure. 
D)  control the blood flow into capillary beds. 
E)  are voluntary structures. 
A)  serve as valves in veins. 
B)  are found in the tunica media. 
C)  carry blood under high pressure. 
D)  control the blood flow into capillary beds. 
E)  are voluntary structures.

Question 10

According to Poiseuille's law, a small decrease in the diameter of a vessel will

Accepted Answer

A)  dramatically decrease blood flow. 
B)  slightly decrease blood flow. 
C)  not affect blood flow. 
D)  slightly increase blood flow. 
E)  dramatically increase blood flow. 
A)  dramatically decrease blood flow. 
B)  slightly decrease blood flow. 
C)  not affect blood flow. 
D)  slightly increase blood flow. 
E)  dramatically increase blood flow.

Question 11

When measuring blood pressure with a sphygmomanometer, which of the following best describes when blood flow in the brachial artery is turbulent?

Accepted Answer

A)  while the left ventricle is contracting 
B)  when pressure in the blood pressure cuff is greater than systolic but less than the diastolic pressure 
C)  when pressure in the blood pressure cuff is greater than the diastolic pressure 
D)  when pressure in the blood pressure cuff is less than the diastolic pressure 
E)  when pressure in the brachial artery is greater than in the blood pressure cuff and greater than the diastolic pressure 
A)  while the left ventricle is contracting 
B)  when pressure in the blood pressure cuff is greater than systolic but less than the diastolic pressure 
C)  when pressure in the blood pressure cuff is greater than the diastolic pressure 
D)  when pressure in the blood pressure cuff is less than the diastolic pressure 
E)  when pressure in the brachial artery is greater than in the blood pressure cuff and greater than the diastolic pressure

Question 12

Match the vessel with the appropriate description.
-thoracic parietal artery

Accepted Answer

A) supplies blood to the diaphragm 
B) supplies blood to the esophagus 
C) supplies blood to the thoracic wall 
D) supplies blood to the pancreas and small intestine 
E) supplies blood to the stomach, liver, and spleen 
A) supplies blood to the diaphragm 
B) supplies blood to the esophagus 
C) supplies blood to the thoracic wall 
D) supplies blood to the pancreas and small intestine 
E) supplies blood to the stomach, liver, and spleen

Question 13

Match the vessel with the appropriate description.
-thoracic visceral artery

Accepted Answer

A) supplies blood to the diaphragm 
B) supplies blood to the esophagus 
C) supplies blood to the thoracic wall 
D) supplies blood to the pancreas and small intestine 
E) supplies blood to the stomach, liver, and spleen 
A) supplies blood to the diaphragm 
B) supplies blood to the esophagus 
C) supplies blood to the thoracic wall 
D) supplies blood to the pancreas and small intestine 
E) supplies blood to the stomach, liver, and spleen

Question 14

The exchange of nutrients and gases between the blood and tissue cells is the primary function of

Accepted Answer

A)  veins. 
B)  arteries. 
C)  arterioles. 
D)  capillaries. 
E)  venules. 
A)  veins. 
B)  arteries. 
C)  arterioles. 
D)  capillaries. 
E)  venules.

Question 15

Match the vessel with the appropriate description.
-cerebral arterial circle

Accepted Answer

A) supplies blood to the frontal lobes of the brain 
B) a circle of arteries at the base of the brain 
C) supplies large portions of the lateral cerebral cortex 
D) supplies the posterior portion of the cerebrum 
E) formed by the bifurcation of the abdominal aorta 
A) supplies blood to the frontal lobes of the brain 
B) a circle of arteries at the base of the brain 
C) supplies large portions of the lateral cerebral cortex 
D) supplies the posterior portion of the cerebrum 
E) formed by the bifurcation of the abdominal aorta

Question 16

Match the term with the best description.
-venules

Accepted Answer

A) simple squamous epithelium of capillaries 
B) drain capillary networks 
C) regulate blood flow into capillaries 
D) do not have fenestrae 
E) bypass capillary beds 
A) simple squamous epithelium of capillaries 
B) drain capillary networks 
C) regulate blood flow into capillaries 
D) do not have fenestrae 
E) bypass capillary beds

Question 17

How would you describe the streamlined movement of blood through a vessel?

Accepted Answer

A)  Turbulent flow 
B)  Mercurial flow 
C)  Blood viscosity 
D)  Blood pressure 
E)  Laminar flow 
A)  Turbulent flow 
B)  Mercurial flow 
C)  Blood viscosity 
D)  Blood pressure 
E)  Laminar flow

Question 18

Which of the following statements regarding regulation of local blood flow is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased metabolic rate in a tissue increases capillary blood flow into the tissue. 
B)  Blood flow through capillaries is continuous. 
C)  Contraction of precapillary sphincters will increase blood flow to a capillary bed. 
D)  Increased levels of carbon dioxide increase the contraction of precapillary sphincters. 
E)  Tissue need for oxygen and amino acids will cause precapillary sphincters to contract. 
A)  Increased metabolic rate in a tissue increases capillary blood flow into the tissue. 
B)  Blood flow through capillaries is continuous. 
C)  Contraction of precapillary sphincters will increase blood flow to a capillary bed. 
D)  Increased levels of carbon dioxide increase the contraction of precapillary sphincters. 
E)  Tissue need for oxygen and amino acids will cause precapillary sphincters to contract.

Question 19

Match the term with the best description.
-precapillary sphincters

Accepted Answer

A) simple squamous epithelium of capillaries 
B) drain capillary networks 
C) regulate blood flow into capillaries 
D) do not have fenestrae 
E) bypass capillary beds 
A) simple squamous epithelium of capillaries 
B) drain capillary networks 
C) regulate blood flow into capillaries 
D) do not have fenestrae 
E) bypass capillary beds

Question 20

The blood vessels that are under the greatest pressure are the

Accepted Answer

A)  arterioles. 
B)  capillaries. 
C)  elastic arteries. 
D)  veins. 
E)  venules. 
A)  arterioles. 
B)  capillaries. 
C)  elastic arteries. 
D)  veins. 
E)  venules.

Exam 21: Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

The vertebral arteries arise from the ________.

Which of the following acts as a storage area for blood?

When a person rises quickly from a lying position, there is

Why does nutrient-rich blood of the hepatic portal vein pass first through the liver before this blood is returned to the heart?

The chemoreceptor reflexes help maintain homeostasis

Angiotensin II

Veins

Where is the vasomotor center located?

Precapillary sphincters

According to Poiseuille's law, a small decrease in the diameter of a vessel will

When measuring blood pressure with a sphygmomanometer, which of the following best describes when blood flow in the brachial artery is turbulent?

Match the vessel with the appropriate description. -thoracic parietal artery

Match the vessel with the appropriate description. -thoracic visceral artery

The exchange of nutrients and gases between the blood and tissue cells is the primary function of

Match the vessel with the appropriate description. -cerebral arterial circle

Match the term with the best description. -venules

How would you describe the streamlined movement of blood through a vessel?

Which of the following statements regarding regulation of local blood flow is true?

Match the term with the best description. -precapillary sphincters

The blood vessels that are under the greatest pressure are the

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