Question 1

What type of cells make up about 90% of the alveolar surface?

Accepted Answer

A)  ciliated simple squamous epithelial cells 
B)  Type I pneumocytes 
C)  Type II pneumocytes 
D)  macrophages 
A)  ciliated simple squamous epithelial cells 
B)  Type I pneumocytes 
C)  Type II pneumocytes 
D)  macrophages

Question 2

The diameter of bronchioles can change because their walls contain

Accepted Answer

A)  smooth muscle. 
B)  skeletal muscle. 
C)  fibrous cartilage. 
D)  hyaline cartilage. 
E)  elastic cartilage. 
A)  smooth muscle. 
B)  skeletal muscle. 
C)  fibrous cartilage. 
D)  hyaline cartilage. 
E)  elastic cartilage.

Question 3

Most carbon dioxide is transported in the blood

Accepted Answer

A)  in the form of bicarbonate ions. 
B)  bound to hemoglobin. 
C)  dissolved in the plasma. 
D)  by the leukocytes. 
E)  in the form of carbonic acid. 
A)  in the form of bicarbonate ions. 
B)  bound to hemoglobin. 
C)  dissolved in the plasma. 
D)  by the leukocytes. 
E)  in the form of carbonic acid.

Question 4

Explain why the PO2 of the blood leaving pulmonary capillaries is 104 mm Hg, but the blood leaving the lungs to enter the left atrium is 95 mm Hg.

Accepted Answer

A)  Some oxygen diffuses out of the blood as it travels through the pulmonary veins 
B)  Some oxygen is incorporated into bicarbonate ion, removing it from solution and reducing PO2 
C)  Some carbon dioxide in the alveoli is mixed with oxygenated blood from alveolar circulation 
D)  Deoxygenated blood from bronchial circulation is mixed with blood from oxygenated alveolar circulation 
A)  Some oxygen diffuses out of the blood as it travels through the pulmonary veins 
B)  Some oxygen is incorporated into bicarbonate ion, removing it from solution and reducing PO2 
C)  Some carbon dioxide in the alveoli is mixed with oxygenated blood from alveolar circulation 
D)  Deoxygenated blood from bronchial circulation is mixed with blood from oxygenated alveolar circulation

Question 5

Two opposing mechanisms determine alveolar expansion: _______ leads to alveolar expansion while ______ opposes alveolar expansion.

Accepted Answer

A)  lung recoil; positive pleural pressure 
B)  positive pleural pressure; lung recoil 
C)  lung recoil; negative pleural pressure 
D)  negative pleural pressure; lung recoil 
A)  lung recoil; positive pleural pressure 
B)  positive pleural pressure; lung recoil 
C)  lung recoil; negative pleural pressure 
D)  negative pleural pressure; lung recoil

Question 6

As temperature increases, how would this affect the oxyhemoglobin-dissociation curve?

Accepted Answer

A)  shift it to the left 
B)  shift it to the right 
C)  no change 
D)  shift it up 
E)  None of these choices is correct 
A)  shift it to the left 
B)  shift it to the right 
C)  no change 
D)  shift it up 
E)  None of these choices is correct

Question 7

Match the term with the appropriate description, answer with the letter preceding the description.
-uvula
"Enter the letter of the correct description below"

Accepted Answer

A) the floor of the nasal cavity 
B) superior portion of pharynx 
C) a soft process that extends inferiorly from the posterior edge of the soft palate 
D) the opening of the nasal cavity into the pharynx 
E) external openings of the nasal cavity 
A) the floor of the nasal cavity 
B) superior portion of pharynx 
C) a soft process that extends inferiorly from the posterior edge of the soft palate 
D) the opening of the nasal cavity into the pharynx 
E) external openings of the nasal cavity

Question 8

The pontine respiratory neurons

Accepted Answer

A)  are located in the medulla oblongata in the brain. 
B)  are active only during inspiration. 
C)  are active only during expiration. 
D)  play a role in switching between inspiration and expiration. 
E)  is essential for respiratory rhythm. 
A)  are located in the medulla oblongata in the brain. 
B)  are active only during inspiration. 
C)  are active only during expiration. 
D)  play a role in switching between inspiration and expiration. 
E)  is essential for respiratory rhythm.

Question 9

The highest level of exercise that can be performed without causing a significant change in blood pH is called the

Accepted Answer

A)  Hering-Breuer reflex. 
B)  aerobic threshold. 
C)  anaerobic threshold. 
D)  lactic acid tolerance level. 
A)  Hering-Breuer reflex. 
B)  aerobic threshold. 
C)  anaerobic threshold. 
D)  lactic acid tolerance level.

Question 10

Each lobe of each lung is supplied by a

Accepted Answer

A)  primary bronchus. 
B)  secondary bronchus. 
C)  tertiary bronchus. 
D)  bronchiole. 
E)  segmental bronchus. 
A)  primary bronchus. 
B)  secondary bronchus. 
C)  tertiary bronchus. 
D)  bronchiole. 
E)  segmental bronchus.

Question 11

What type of alveolar cells produce surfactant?

Accepted Answer

A)  ciliated simple cuboidal epithelial cells 
B)  Type I pneumocytes 
C)  Type II pneumocytes 
D)  macrophages 
A)  ciliated simple cuboidal epithelial cells 
B)  Type I pneumocytes 
C)  Type II pneumocytes 
D)  macrophages

Question 12

The respiratory zone of the tracheobronchial tree includes which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  trachea 
B)  alveoli 
C)  primary bronchi 
D)  larynx 
E)  tertiary bronchi 
A)  trachea 
B)  alveoli 
C)  primary bronchi 
D)  larynx 
E)  tertiary bronchi

Question 13

Use the following two choices.
-decrease blood pH

Accepted Answer

A) oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve shifts to the right 
B) oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve shifts to the left 
A) oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve shifts to the right 
B) oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve shifts to the left

Question 14

Which of the following structures opens directly into the nasal cavity?

Accepted Answer

A)  paranasal sinuses 
B)  auditory tubes 
C)  lacrimal glands 
D)  fauces 
E)  epiglottis 
A)  paranasal sinuses 
B)  auditory tubes 
C)  lacrimal glands 
D)  fauces 
E)  epiglottis

Question 15

The serous membranes that surround the lungs are called the

Accepted Answer

A)  mucous membranes. 
B)  synovial membranes. 
C)  pleural membranes. 
D)  peritoneal membranes. 
E)  pulmonary membranes. 
A)  mucous membranes. 
B)  synovial membranes. 
C)  pleural membranes. 
D)  peritoneal membranes. 
E)  pulmonary membranes.

Question 16

Match the term with the appropriate description or definition.
-expiratory reserve volume
"Enter the letter of the correct description below"

Accepted Answer

A) sum of the inspiratory reserve, expiratory reserve, tidal, and residual volumes 
B) volume of air inspired during a normal inspiration 
C) volume of air remaining in lungs after the most forceful expiration 
D) sum of the expiratory reserve, inspiratory reserve, and tidal volumes 
E) the amount of air that can be forcefully expired after expiration of the normal tidal volume 
A) sum of the inspiratory reserve, expiratory reserve, tidal, and residual volumes 
B) volume of air inspired during a normal inspiration 
C) volume of air remaining in lungs after the most forceful expiration 
D) sum of the expiratory reserve, inspiratory reserve, and tidal volumes 
E) the amount of air that can be forcefully expired after expiration of the normal tidal volume

Question 17

Air in the pleural cavity is called

Accepted Answer

A)  emphysema. 
B)  respiratory distress syndrome. 
C)  a pneumothorax. 
D)  pneumonia. 
E)  forced expiration. 
A)  emphysema. 
B)  respiratory distress syndrome. 
C)  a pneumothorax. 
D)  pneumonia. 
E)  forced expiration.

Question 18

If the total pressure of a mixture of gases was 760 mm Hg and its composition is 20% oxygen, 0.04% carbon dioxide, 75% nitrogen, and 5% water vapor, then the partial pressure of oxygen would be

Accepted Answer

A)  740 mm Hg. 
B)  20 mm Hg. 
C)  148 mm Hg. 
D)  152 mm Hg. 
E)  200 mm Hg. 
A)  740 mm Hg. 
B)  20 mm Hg. 
C)  148 mm Hg. 
D)  152 mm Hg. 
E)  200 mm Hg.

Question 19

From largest to smallest, the correct sequence for the following passageways is

Accepted Answer

A)  bronchi, bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, alveoli. 
B)  bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, bronchi, alveoli. 
C)  alveoli, bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, bronchi. 
D)  bronchi, bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, alveoli. 
E)  terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli. 
A)  bronchi, bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, alveoli. 
B)  bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, bronchi, alveoli. 
C)  alveoli, bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, bronchi. 
D)  bronchi, bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, alveoli. 
E)  terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli.

Question 20

Pulmonary edema will cause the rate of gas diffusion to

Accepted Answer

A)  increase. 
B)  decrease. 
C)  remain the same. 
A)  increase. 
B)  decrease. 
C)  remain the same.

Exam 23: Respiratory System

What type of cells make up about 90% of the alveolar surface?

The diameter of bronchioles can change because their walls contain

Most carbon dioxide is transported in the blood

Explain why the PO2 of the blood leaving pulmonary capillaries is 104 mm Hg, but the blood leaving the lungs to enter the left atrium is 95 mm Hg.

Two opposing mechanisms determine alveolar expansion: _______ leads to alveolar expansion while ______ opposes alveolar expansion.

As temperature increases, how would this affect the oxyhemoglobin-dissociation curve?

Match the term with the appropriate description, answer with the letter preceding the description. -uvula "Enter the letter of the correct description below"

The pontine respiratory neurons

The highest level of exercise that can be performed without causing a significant change in blood pH is called the

Each lobe of each lung is supplied by a

What type of alveolar cells produce surfactant?

The respiratory zone of the tracheobronchial tree includes which of the following?

Use the following two choices. -decrease blood pH

Which of the following structures opens directly into the nasal cavity?

The serous membranes that surround the lungs are called the

Match the term with the appropriate description or definition. -expiratory reserve volume "Enter the letter of the correct description below"

Air in the pleural cavity is called

If the total pressure of a mixture of gases was 760 mm Hg and its composition is 20% oxygen, 0.04% carbon dioxide, 75% nitrogen, and 5% water vapor, then the partial pressure of oxygen would be

From largest to smallest, the correct sequence for the following passageways is

Pulmonary edema will cause the rate of gas diffusion to

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Explain why the P_O2 of the blood leaving pulmonary capillaries is 104 mm Hg, but the blood leaving the lungs to enter the left atrium is 95 mm Hg.

Two opposing mechanisms determine alveolar expansion: _ leads to alveolar expansion while opposes alveolar expansion.